Agminated fibroblastic connective tissue nevus in a 1‐year‐old boy

Fibroblastic connective tissue nevus (FCTN) is a benign cutaneous mesenchymal lesion characterized by proliferation of CD34‐positive fibroblastic/myofibroblastic spindle‐shaped cells. We report a case of agminated FCTN on the right lower abdomen of a 1‐year‐old boy.     

Enhancement by sulpiride of the inhibitory effects of cysteamine on gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats

The effects of sulpiride on cysteamine inhibition of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and on the BUdR labelling index of gastric mucosa were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. After 25 weeks of oral treatment with MNNG, rats received one of the following alternate-day injections: cysteamine (2 doses), cysteamine (2 doses) plus sulpiride or sulpiride. At week 52, prolonged administration of cysteamine significantly reduced the incidence of adenocarcinomas of the glandular stomach. Cysteamine at low dose had no effect on the incidence of gastric cancers, but a combination of low-dose cysteamine and sulpiride caused a significantly greater reduction in the incidence of gastric cancers. Administration of sulpiride alone had no influence on gastric carcinogenesis. The labelling index of the antral mucosa was significantly lower in rats treated with high but not low doses of cysteamine. However, a combination of low-dose cysteamine and sulpiride significantly decreased the labelling index of the antral mucosa. Our findings indicate that cysteamine suppressed gastric carcinogenesis and that sulpiride enhanced this inhibition. Because sulpiride is a dopamine antagonist, these findings also indicate that dopamine may play an important role in cysteamine inhibition of gastric carcinogenesis.     

Expression of the cell surface antigen detected by the monoclonal antibody A7 in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines

In a previous study, we used a murine monoclonal antibody, A7, against human colon carcinoma as a drug-carrier to treat colorectal cancer.¹ In the present study, we found that MAb A7 also reacted immunohistochemically with 73% of human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, with the A7 antigen mainly being detected on the cell surface. However, the A7 antigen was found in only 9% of the spent media of these human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines by ELISA. On the other hand, the positive incidence of CA19-9, POA, ferritin, CEA, DU-PAN-2 and SLX in those spent media was 100%, 64%, 64%, 55%, 55% and 36%, respectively. These results suggest that the A7 antigen may only rarely be shed into the sera of pancreatic cancer patients, in which case MAb A7 could be a suitable drug-carrier in targeting chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer patients.     

Postoperative local thermo-chemotherapy in control of residual pleural diseases after resection of primary lung carcinoma--regulation of dissemination

Pleural dissemination was proved by intraoperative histodiagnosis in 11 of 121 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for non-small cell carcinoma of the lung between April, 1985 and December, 1986. To control such intrathoracic residual diseases, we devised a means of local thermo-chemotherapy. Ten of 11 patients were treated with intrapleurally administrated cisplatin (50-100mg, bolus) combined with simultaneous radiofrequency hyperthermia (13.56 MHz) for 2 to 3 weeks after surgery. Courses were repeated at 5-to 7-day intervals. Eight patients had N2-disease, one N1 and the other NX. Eight were adenocarcinomas. Thermal burn of the chest wall with hyperkalemia was observed in only one patient who received thermotherapy at the over a magnetrode power of 450 watts for 50 minutes. In the other 9, side effects were minimal under the thermotherapy to obtain a peripleural temperature beyond 42 degrees C. Of the 10 patients, three lived more than 12 months after treatment. Although distant metastases were recognized in 6 cases, none had local recurrence for the median follow-up period of 6 months. One patient had metastasis to the contralateral supraclavicular lymph nodes. Because there was no evidence of intrathoracic recurrences in this patient, radical neck dissection were performed 15 months after the initial operation. This experience warrants further investigation of thermo-chemotherapy as a treatment for controlling pleural dissemination after resection of primary tumor.     

Inhibitory effects of tetragastrin and histamine on carcinogenesis in the small intestines of W rats by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine

The effects of tetragastrin and histamine on the incidence and histology of tumors induced in the small intestine by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7] were investigated in male W rats. Animals were given MNNG at 150 micrograms/ml in their drinking water for 25 weeks and then 300 micrograms tetragastrin or 4 mg histamine dihydrochloride sc per day in depot form. Administration of tetragastrin or histamine after MNNG treatment resulted in a significant increase in gastric acid secretion and a significant reduction in the incidence of tumors in the duodenum; however, only histamine decreased the incidence of tumors in the jejunum. Histologically, the tumors induced in the small intestine were mostly adenocarcinomas, and their histologic type was not affected by either tetragastrin or histamine.     

Protective genes expressed in endothelial cells of second hamster heart transplants to rats carrying an accommodated first graft

Abstract: Accommodation refers to survival of a xenograft despite the presence of anti-donor organ antibodies and complement. We have recently shown that accommodation of a hamster heart transplanted to a rat receiving short-term cobra venom factor (CVF) and continuing cyclosporine A (CyA) therapy is associated with i) the expression in the endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells of the graft of a number of "protective" genes, ii) a prominent intragraft Th2 cytokine profile, and iii) the relatively heavy deposition of IgG2c antibodies on the EC of the graft. In contrast, rejecting grafts do not express the protective genes, have a Th1 cytokine profile, and apparently have lesser amounts of IgG2c. These findings are consistent with host factors (Th2 cytokines and IgG2c) contributing to xenograft accommodation. To test whether these host factors may predispose to the development of accommodation, we placed a second hamster heart into each of 12 rats carrying a surviving first heart; recipients were, at the time, receiving only CyA. Whereas first grafts transplanted to rats receiving only CyA survive for 3 to 4 days, 11 out of 12 second transplants survived more than 20 days, and the other survived for 7 days. Nine of the twelve were not rejected: of these, four were removed between day 35 and 132 for study, and the remainder are still beating at 35 to 52 days. The surviving second hearts we studied had accommodated in that the picture on immunopathology was the same as for surviving first hearts. We suggest that the Th2 cytokines and perhaps the IgG2c response are factors in allowing prolonged survival of the second grafts and, further, that these factors contribute to the expression in the EC and smooth muscle cells of the surviving second hearts of the protective genes.