Limitations of access to antipsychotics in Canada: loss of the old and unavailability of the new options

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy - Schizophrenia is a severe, debilitating disorder that is associated with a significant burden of illness. Antipsychotic medications remain the mainstay...     

做作性障碍 —— 一例不明原因的鼻出血的罕见病因

概述:鼻衄或鼻出血是一种常见的疾病,有可能会严重到需要紧急医疗或手术治疗.人为的鼻出血是一种罕见的案例.对患者复杂的行为问题,在大学阶段的培训较少,因此,外科医生常常错过患者一些隐藏的心理问题.在这里,我们给出一例做作性障碍的病例,该案例由于鼻出血而进行手术.经过适当的评估并于耳鼻咽喉科会诊之后,我们采用抗抑郁药物和认知行为治疗成功治愈该患者.     

Immunological rebound after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive patients

Large clinical trials have repeatedly proven the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in achieving virological suppression; however, subsequent increases in CD4 cell counts (i.e., immunological rebound) do not always follow. Thus, it remains unclear to what extent persons living with HIV/AIDS may expect significant increases in CD4 cell count upon HAART initiation, particularly outside of the highly structured environment of a clinical trial. We analyzed the patterns of CD4 and plasma viral load (PVL) change in 170 HIV-infected individuals who were ART naive and initiated HAART between 1997 and 2003. Immunological success (>50 CD4 cells/mm(3) increase) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Of individuals, 80% experienced a confirmed CD4 cell count increase of >50 cells/mm(3) after HAART initiation. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with pre-HAART PVL >or=100,000 copies/ml were more likely to achieve immunological success when compared with patients with baseline PVL <10,000 copies/ml, suggesting that individuals with the highest HIV viral load levels may benefit the most from HAART initiation. Future studies of immunological rebound are warranted to further define and characterize immune responses to HAART in diverse populations in order to optimize guidelines for initiation of treatment and assessment of successful responses.     

A facile synthesis of alpha,alpha'-(EE)-bis(benzylidene)-cycloalkanones and their antitubercular evaluations

An economical and facile synthesis of alpha,alpha'-(EE)-bis(benzylidene)-cycloalkanones was achieved by the reaction of cycloalkanones with different aromatic aldehydes using ethanolic KOH in good yields. Few of the selected compounds were reduced with NaBH(4) to the respective alpha,alpha'-(EE)-bis(benzylidene)-cycloalkanols. All these compounds and our earlier synthesized cyclohexyl phenyl methanols were evaluated for their antitubercular, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Several compounds displayed moderate antitubercular activity with MIC=12.5-1.56 microg/mL. However, none of the compounds displayed any significant antifungal activity.     

Reactions of the connective-tissue components of the skin of rats to electrostatic fields

The skin connective tissue of rats exposed to a 60 kV/m or 90 kV/m electrostatic field for 3, 14 or 30 days was investigated biochemically and histochemically. The experiments were carried out on 60 male Wistar rats in a condensation-type chamber. This exposure produced certain biochemical changes in the skin. The exposure to a 60 kV/m field was accompanied by a rapid adaptation: minor biochemical changes in the skin returned to normal by the end of the experiment. The exposure to a 90 kV/m field produced biochemical changes that were initially transient and later transformed to distinct shifts in the concentrations of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers. This was indicative of a mismatch in their synthesis and degradation and dysfunction of skin connective tissue structures.