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Elizabeth S Hart Marilyn H Kelly Beth Brillante Clara C Chen Navid Ziran Janice S Lee Penelope Feuillan Arabella I Leet Harvey Kushner Pamela G Robey Michael T Collins 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2007,22(9):1468-1474
Most lesions in FD and their attendant functional disability occur within the first decade; 90% of lesions are present by 15 years, and the median age when assistive devices are needed is 7 years. These findings have implications for prognosis and determining the timing and type of therapy. INTRODUCTION: Fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) is an uncommon skeletal disorder in which normal bone is replaced by abnormal fibro-osseous tissue. Variable amounts of skeletal involvement and disability occur. The age at which lesions are established, the pace at which the disease progresses, if (or when) the disease plateaus, and how these parameters relate to the onset of disability are unknown. To answer these questions, we performed a retrospective analysis of a group of subjects with FD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred nine subjects with a spectrum of FD were studied for up to 32 years. Disease progression was assessed in serial (99)Tc-MDP bone scans by determining the location and extent of FD lesions using a validated bone scan scoring tool. Physical function and the need for ambulatory aids were assessed. RESULTS: Ninety percent of the total body disease skeletal burden was established by age 15. Disease was established in a region-specific pattern; in the craniofacial region, 90% of the lesions were present by 3.4 yr, in the extremities, 90% were present by 13.7 yr, and in the axial skeleton, 90% were present by 15.5 yr. Twenty-five of 103 subjects eventually needed ambulatory aids. The median age at which assistance was needed was 7 yr (range, 1-43 yr). The median bone scan score for subjects needing assistance was 64.3 (range, 18.6-75) compared with 23.1 (range, 0.5-63.5) in the unassisted subjects (p < 0.0001). Among subjects needing assistance with ambulation, 92% showed this need by 17 yr. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of skeletal lesions and the associated functional disability occur within the first decade of life. The implication is that the window of time for preventative therapies is narrow. Likewise, therapeutic interventions must be tailored to where the patient is in the natural history of the disease (i.e., progressive disease [young] versus established disease [older subjects]). These findings have implications for prognosis, the timing and type of therapy, and the development of trials of new therapies and their interpretation. 相似文献
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n = 62, p < 0.05), emergent CEA (n= 2, p= 0.01), and need for postoperative anticoagulation (n= 2, p= 0.01). Only 56 (15%) of patients had indications for ICU admission, 57 (16%) would have been admitted to an EKG-monitored
nursing unit, and 252 (69%) would have been admitted to a standard nursing unit. Immediate admission to the ICU after CEA
is indicated for patients undergoing emergent CEA, those requiring anticoagulation postoperatively, those with intraoperative
stroke or major cardiac complication, and possibly those with chronic renal failure. All other patients should be admitted
to the RR. Patients experiencing stroke, major cardiac events, significant wound hemorrhage, or reintubation in the RR, and
those requiring vasoactive medication more than 3 hours after surgery should be transferred to the ICU. Patients with indications
of cardiac disease within 6 months prior to CEA but no indications for ICU admission may be discharged from the RR to an EKG
monitored unit. All others may be discharged to a standard nursing unit. 相似文献
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The kidneys are vital organs in the management of fluid balance, waste product removal, electrolyte homeostasis, acid–base balance and endocrine function. Waste products removed by the kidney are urea, uric acid and creatinine; other foreign products with similar physiochemical properties are also excreted. Urea and uric acid are by products of protein metabolism and creatinine is generated by the metabolism of creatine compounds from muscle. The kidney regulates fluid and electrolyte balance through controlling the composition and volume of urine. In the proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle, 90% of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium are reabsorbed. Acid–base balance is achieved by regulating the excretion of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate buffering. The kidney also has a number of endocrine functions including the production of renin and erythropoietin as well as hydroxylation of vitamin D. The kidneys receive 25% of cardiac output, generating 170–200 litres of ultrafiltrate per day. Urine output is approximately 1.5 litres per day, which is concentrated ultrafiltrate through selective reabsorption of solutes and water. In this article we will discuss tests frequently used to assess renal function. 相似文献
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Yosuf EL-Shabrawi Navid Ardjomand Cristoph Faschinger Gerald H?fler 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》1999,164(1):405-407
Background: Lattice dystrophy is an autosomal-dominantly inherited disease. A mutation of the gene coding for kerato-epitheline has been found in patients with this stromal dystrophy. In codon 124 a Guanine to Adenine mutation of the nucleotide 417 has been described. We looked for this mutation in a family with lattice dystrophy treated in our clinic. 相似文献
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Payank Patel Amit Roy Navid Sharifi Pantcho Stoyanov Richard R. Chromik Christian Moreau 《Materials》2022,15(10)
Surface coatings that operate effectively at elevated temperatures provide compatibility with critical service conditions as well as improved tribological performance of the components. High-entropy coatings (HECs), including metallic, ceramics, and composites, have gained attention all over the world and developed rapidly over the past 18 years, due to their excellent mechanical and tribological properties. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are defined as alloys containing five or more principal elements in equal or close to equal atomic percentage. Owing to the high configurational entropy compared to conventional alloys, HEAs are usually composed of a simple solid solution phase, such as the BCC and FCC phases, instead of complex, brittle intermetallic phases. Several researchers have investigated the mechanical, oxidation, corrosion and wear properties of high-entropy oxides, carbides, borides, and silicates using various coating and testing techniques. More recently, the friction and wear characteristics of high-entropy coatings (HECs) have gained interest within various industrial sectors, mainly due to their favourable mechanical and tribological properties at high temperatures. In this review article, the authors identified the research studies and developments in high-entropy coatings (HECs) fabricated on various substrate materials using different synthesis methods. In addition, the current understanding of the HECs characteristics is critically reviewed, including the fabrication routes of targets/feedstock, synthesis methods utilized in various research studies, microstructural and tribological behaviour from room temperature to high temperatures. 相似文献
8.
Tanja Stachon Mahsa Nastaranpour Berthold Seitz Eckart Meese Lorenz Latta Suphi Taneri Navid Ardjomand Nra Szentmry Nicole Ludwig 《Investigative ophthalmology & visual science》2022,63(8)
PurposeEvaluation of mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression in epithelium and stroma of patients with keratoconus.MethodsThe epithelium and stroma of eight corneas of eight patients with keratoconus and eight corneas of eight non-keratoconus healthy controls were studied separately. RNA was extracted, and mRNA and miRNA analyses were performed using microarrays. Differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs in epithelial and stromal keratoconus samples compared to healthy controls were identified. Selected genes and miRNAs were further validated using RT-qPCR.ResultsWe discovered 170 epithelial and 1498 stromal deregulated protein-coding mRNAs in KC samples. In addition, in epithelial samples 180 miRNAs and in stromal samples 379 miRNAs were significantly deregulated more than twofold compared to controls. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment of metabolic and axon guidance pathways for epithelial cells and enrichment of metabolic, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and focal adhesion pathways for stromal cells.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates significant differences in the expression and regulation of mRNAs and miRNAs in the epithelium and stroma of Patients with KC. Also, in addition to the well-known target candidates, we were able to identify further genes and miRNAs that may be associated with keratoconus. Signaling pathways influencing metabolic changes and cell contacts are affected in epithelial and stromal cells of patients with keratoconus. 相似文献
9.
Alberto D’Angelo Navid Sobhani Stefan Bagby Andrea Casadei-Gardini Giandomenico Roviello 《Expert review of clinical pharmacology》2020,13(6):623-629
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent tumors affecting the gastrointestinal tract and a universal cause of morbidity and mortality. Cabozantinib is a strong multi-inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases approved for renal cell carcinoma that could be useful also for the treatment of HCC. 相似文献10.