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1.
Eija Heikkinen MNSc RN Merja Nikkonen PhD RN & Helena Aavarinne PhD RN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1998,27(5):1069-1075
The definition of envy is commonly based on psychoanalytical views of organizational culture. The purpose of this paper is to describe envy in a nursing community. The population study consisted of random sample of 120 subjects drawn from among the employees of one central hospital in Finland. The study material consisted of data collected by questionnaires (response rate 65%). The data were processed by various statistical methods. Open-ended questions were analysed by inductive content analysis. The results of this study indicated that the employee's view of his/her official position in the nursing community, his/her relationships with his/her fellow workers and the management as well as relationships with other nursing communities are all related to envy. The employee's view of his/her official position intensified his/her feelings of envy, if he/she had other negative feelings, anxiety, dissatisfaction with him/herself, and negative feelings towards fellow workers. The major object of envy was fellow workers' salaries. Envy towards other nursing communities was generated by alleged differences in the amount of labour, or by the charge nurse's greater interest in other sections. Employees coped with envy by hiding these feelings and being modest. Women coped with envy by being silent, while men denied the value of the object of envy. 相似文献
2.
Merja Nikkonen RN LicNSc 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,22(1):101-109
This paper describes and analyses, from a sociocultural viewpoint, the ways of life of discharged long-term psychiatric patients in northern Finland The paper focuses on subjectivity control of life and fundamental experiences in life The data consist of interviews with 25 outpatients who have moved to live in residential homes, rehabilitation centres or their own homes after receiving preparatory training in the psychiatric hospital The findings suggest that the way of life of the outpatients did not significantly differ from that of other people belonging to the same generation of Finns With respect to control of life, a conspicuous feature was the strong tendency to let themselves be led by others, and to self-sacrifice for the good of others For the patients, independence was the best aspect of open care Fear for being branded as a psychiatric case or as a former mental patient threatened the patients'external control of life The central element of control of life of the Finns is work The outpatients thought work a matter of honour and they did not find their present, inactive way of life satisfactory 相似文献
3.
Molecular and biological analysis of echovirus 9 strain isolated from a diabetic child 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Paananen A Ylipaasto P Rieder E Hovi T Galama J Roivainen M 《Journal of medical virology》2003,69(4):529-537
The full-length infectious cDNA clone was constructed and sequenced from the strain DM of echovirus 9, which was recently isolated from a 6-week-old child at the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. Parallel with the isolate DM, the full-length infectious cDNA clone of the prototype strain echovirus 9 Barty (Barty-INF), was constructed and sequenced. Genetic relationships of the sequenced echo 9 viruses to the other members of the human enterovirus type B species were studied by phylogenetic analyses. Comparison of capsid protein sequences showed that the isolate DM was closely related to both prototype strains: Hill and Barty-INF. The only exception was the inner capsid protein VP4 where serotype specificity was not evident and the isolate DM clustered with the strain Hill and the strain Barty-INF with echovirus 30 Bastianni. Likewise, the nonstructural protein coding region, P2P3, of isolate DM was more similar to strain Hill than to strain Barty-INF. However, like echovirus 9 Barty, the isolate DM contained the RGD-motif in the carboxy terminus of capsid protein VP1. By blocking experiments using an RGD-containing peptide and a polyclonal rabbit antiserum to the alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin, it was shown that this molecule works as a cellular receptor for isolate DM. By using primary human islets, it was shown that the isolate DM is capable of infecting insulin-producing beta-cells like the corresponding prototype strains did. However, only isolate DM was clearly cytolytic for beta-cells. The infectious clones that were made allow further investigations of the molecular features responsible for the diabetogenicity of the isolate DM. 相似文献
4.
Laccase from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor: cDNA cloning of lcc1 and expression in Pichia pastoris 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A cDNA coding for laccase was isolated from the ligninolytic fungus Trametes versicolor by RNA-PCR. The cDNA corresponds to the gene lcc1, which encodes a laccase isoenzyme of 498 amino-acid residues preceded by a 22-residue signal peptide. The lcc1 cDNA was cloned into the vector pHIL-D2 for expression in Pichia pastoris under the control of the AOX1 promoter. Transformants were found to secrete active recombinant enzyme after induction with methanol. The use of growth
medium buffered to pH 6.0 and control of pH during cultivation were found to be important, or even necessary, for obtaining
activity in liquid cultures. The effect of exchanging the native secretion signal for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-factor pre-pro secretion signal was studied by cloning the portion encoding the mature enzyme into the vector pPIC9. The
activity obtained for the construct encoding the native laccase signal sequence was found to be seven-fold higher than for
the construct encoding the α-factor secretion signal. Utilisation of the P. pastoris pep4 mutant strain SMD1168 was found to provide a two-fold higher level of activity compared with P. pastoris GS115.
Received: 16 May / 8 August 1997 相似文献
5.
Joanna S. Kruszewska Markku Saloheimo Merja Penttilä Grażyna Palamarczyk 《Current genetics》1998,33(6):445-450
A cDNA coding for GTP: α-d-mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase (MPG1 transferase) (EC 2.7.7.13) was isolated from a cDNA library of the Trichoderma reesei RutC-30 strain by suppression of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutation in the DPM1gene encoding mannosylphosphodolichol (MPD) synthase. The nucleotide sequence of the 1.6 kb-long cDNA revealed an ORF which
encodes a protein of 364 amino acids. Sequence comparisons demonstrate 70% identity with the S. cerevisiae guanyl transferase gene (MPG1) and 75% identity with the Schizosaccharomyces pombe homologue. No similarity was found with the MPD synthase encoded by the S. cerevisiae DPM1 gene. The possibility that cloned cDNA encodes a product with a MPD synthase activity was also excluded by transforming a
heterozygous S. cerevisiae dpm1::LEU2/DPM1 diploid, which did not lead to the restoration of viability of the dpm1 spores. Simultaneously, a significant increase in MPG transferase activity, as compared with the wild-type yeast, was observed
in cellular extracts when the mpg1 cDNA from Trichoderma was expressed in the S. cerevisiae dpm1-6 mutant.
Received: 21 July 1997 / 24 April 1998 相似文献
6.
Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Viability Assay for Measurement of Opsonophagocytic Antibodies Specific to the Capsular Polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae 下载免费PDF全文
Sandra Romero-Steiner Carl Frasch Nelydia Concepcion David Goldblatt Helena Kyhty Merja Vkevinen Craig Laferriere Dominique Wauters Moon H. Nahm Mark F. Schinsky Brian D. Plikaytis George M. Carlone 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》2003,10(6):1019-1024
Opsonophagocytosis is a correlate of protection that measures the functional activity of vaccine-induced antibodies. A standardized opsonophagocytosis assay (OPA) should be used as part of the evaluation of current and future pneumococcal (Pnc) polysaccharide (Ps)-based vaccines. We enrolled five laboratories to evaluate a previously standardized viability OPA. Each laboratory was provided with a detailed OPA protocol, seven target Pnc strains (serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F), two quality control sera and 12 paired sera (blinded) from adult donors who received one dose of the 23-valent Pnc Ps vaccine. Laboratories sent their results to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for analysis. Sera were tested in duplicate (single run), and the results were averaged to yield a single OPA titer (≥50% killing) for each serum sample. The percentage of sera within one or two dilutions of the calculated median OPA titer was determined for each laboratory and for each serotype. In general, laboratories were capable of detecting OPA titers within one or two dilutions of the median for at least 75 and 88%, respectively, of the sera tested. The level of agreement with the median OPA titers varied depending on the participating laboratory (overall agreement = 0.8 [99% confidence interval = 0.75 to 0.85]). All OPA median titers reported for quality control sera were within one dilution of the expected titer. We conclude that this OPA can be done in multiple laboratories with a high degree of interlaboratory reproducibility. 相似文献
7.
Reference Values for Echocardiography in Middle‐Aged Population: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study 下载免费PDF全文
Saku Ruohonen Ph.D Juha W. Koskenvuo M.D. Ph.D. Maria Wendelin‐Saarenhovi M.D. Ph.D. Mikko Savontaus M.D. Ph.D. Mika Kähönen M.D. Ph.D. Tomi Laitinen M.D. Ph.D. Terho Lehtimäki M.D. Ph.D. Eero Jokinen M.D. Ph.D. Jorma Viikari M.D. Ph.D. Markus Juonala M.D. Ph.D. Leena Taittonen M.D. Ph.D. Päivi Tossavainen M.D. Ph.D. Merja Kallio M.D. Ph.D. Jeroen J. Bax M.D. Ph.D. Olli Raitakari M.D. Ph.D. 《Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)》2016,33(2):193-206
8.
Kuronen Moona Kokki Hannu Nyyssönen Timo Savolainen Sakari Kokki Merja 《Quality of life research》2018,27(11):3013-3020
Quality of Life Research - Pain has a negative impact on life satisfaction (LS). Our primary aims were to compare LS in on-opioid and opioid-naïve spine surgery patients and to evaluate... 相似文献
9.