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1.
P H Hughes G K Jarvis U Khant M E Medina-Mora V Navaratnam V Poshyachinda K A Wadud 《Bulletin on narcotics》1982,34(1):1-12
The underground nature of drug abuse is a major cross-national barrier to the collection of sound epidemiological data. The authors examine some common patterns of secrecy developed by drug abusers to avoid social disapproval or punishment in different socio-cultural settings. Assurances of anonymity and confidentiality may not be sufficient to make the majority of heavy drug abusers "visible" to the researcher. One way to overcome this barrier is to train field staff to recognize certain ethnographic signs i.e. the specific appearance and behaviour of drug abusers that can facilitate identification of target populations. 相似文献
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Padmini Parthasarathy Dawn E. Dailey Maria-Elena D. Young Carrie Lam Cheri Pies 《Maternal and child health journal》2014,18(2):396-404
In recent years, maternal and child health professionals have been seeking approaches to integrating the Life Course Perspective and social determinants of health into their work. In this article, we describe how community input, staff feedback, and evidence from the field that the connection between wealth and health should be addressed compelled the Contra Costa Family, Maternal and Child Health (FMCH) Programs Life Course Initiative to launch Building Economic Security Today (BEST). BEST utilizes innovative strategies to reduce inequities in health outcomes for low-income Contra Costa families by improving their financial security and stability. FMCH Programs’ Women, Infants, and Children Program (WIC) conducted BEST financial education classes, and its Medically Vulnerable Infant Program (MVIP) instituted BEST financial assessments during public health nurse home visits. Educational and referral resources were also developed and distributed to all clients. The classes at WIC increased clients’ awareness of financial issues and confidence that they could improve their financial situations. WIC clients and staff also gained knowledge about financial resources in the community. MVIP’s financial assessments offered clients a new and needed perspective on their financial situations, as well as support around the financial and psychological stresses of caring for a child with special health care needs. BEST offered FMCH Programs staff opportunities to engage in non-traditional, cross-sector partnerships, and gain new knowledge and skills to address a pressing social determinant of health. We learned the value of flexible timelines, maintaining a long view for creating change, and challenging the traditional paradigm of maternal and child health. 相似文献
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Guilherme Borges Maria-Elena Medina-Mora Ricardo Orozco Clara Fleiz Cheryl Cherpitel & Joshua Breslau 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2009,104(4):603-611
Aims To examine the impact of migration to the United States on substance use and substance use disorders in three urban areas of northern Mexico.
Design Cross-sectional survey of immigration-related experiences and life-time and past-year alcohol and drug use, in a representative sample of respondents aged 12–65 years.
Setting Interviews were conducted in the cities of Tijuana, Ciudad Juarez and Monterrey during 2005. Respondents were classified into three groups: (i) 'return migrants', (ii) 'relatives of migrants' and (iii) 'others in the general population'.
Findings A total of 1630 completed interviews were obtained for a response rate of 70.5%. 'Return migrants' were more likely to have used alcohol, marijuana or cocaine at least once in their life-time and in the last 12 months, more likely to develop a substance use disorder and more likely to have a 12-month substance use disorder compared with 'others in the general population'. Among 'return migrants', longer length of time in the United States and type of work performed as an immigrant were related to higher prevalence of substance use. Among 'relatives of migrants', migration experiences were not associated with increased prevalence of substance use compared with 'others in the general population'.
Conclusion This study found a link between migration to the United States and the transformation of substance use norms and pathology in Mexico. Future research on pre-migration involvement in substance use and data on the timing of events among return migrants is needed. Public health measures are likely to require cross-border coordination of research and service development. 相似文献
Design Cross-sectional survey of immigration-related experiences and life-time and past-year alcohol and drug use, in a representative sample of respondents aged 12–65 years.
Setting Interviews were conducted in the cities of Tijuana, Ciudad Juarez and Monterrey during 2005. Respondents were classified into three groups: (i) 'return migrants', (ii) 'relatives of migrants' and (iii) 'others in the general population'.
Findings A total of 1630 completed interviews were obtained for a response rate of 70.5%. 'Return migrants' were more likely to have used alcohol, marijuana or cocaine at least once in their life-time and in the last 12 months, more likely to develop a substance use disorder and more likely to have a 12-month substance use disorder compared with 'others in the general population'. Among 'return migrants', longer length of time in the United States and type of work performed as an immigrant were related to higher prevalence of substance use. Among 'relatives of migrants', migration experiences were not associated with increased prevalence of substance use compared with 'others in the general population'.
Conclusion This study found a link between migration to the United States and the transformation of substance use norms and pathology in Mexico. Future research on pre-migration involvement in substance use and data on the timing of events among return migrants is needed. Public health measures are likely to require cross-border coordination of research and service development. 相似文献
6.
Unikel Santoncini C Villatoro Velázquez JA Medina-Mora Icaza ME Fleiz Bautista C Alcántar Molinar EN Hernández Rosario SA 《Revista de investigación clínica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutrición》2000,52(2):140-147
Data of the Drug and Alcohol Prevalence in Student Population of Mexico City Survey 1997 were used to achieve knowledge about the presence of risk eating behaviors, characteristic of eating disorders in the student population of Mexico city (N = 10,173). The sample was conformed by boys (47.9%) and girls (52.1%), with a mean age of 14.5 years (SD = 1.8). The identification of the differences between boys and girls, and age groups in two occurrence categories of risk eating behavior (ever and two or more times per week) were among the main objectives. An eleven items scale with three answering options about eating behavior during the last three months was used. The BMI-P distributed normally, with greater percentage of overweight, than underweight in both sexes. A greater percentage of risk eating behaviors were found among girls, excluding hard exercising and binge eating, as well as similar percentages of laxative and enema use in both sexes. The analysis held by age groups for risk eating behaviors showed significant differences in binge eating, self induced vomiting, pills and enemas use among boys, while girls showed differences in almost all of these practices, being the group of 18 and 19 years where the greater percentages were found. 相似文献
7.
Solís Rojas L Medina-Mora ME 《Revista de investigación clínica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutrición》2000,52(3):275-283
Alcohol abuse is an endemic problem in the country, by itself is responsible of 9% of the global burden of disease due to premature death and disability associated with cirrhosis, accidents, homicides and dependence. Use of other drugs is increasing with an important participation of cocaine and with out breaks of heroin use in the northern border. With the increase of drugs with higher potential of development of addiction, new are required to treat dependence and sequels derived from chronic use. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the available alternatives to be instrumented within the health system. 相似文献
8.
The paper addresses the experiences of measuring and monitoring patterns of alcohol consumption and consequences in Mexico, provides an overview of alcohol use and problems, describes local cultural values that influence patterns of drinking, and discusses measurement implications. 相似文献
9.
Thouvenel C Gantier JC Duret P Fourneau C Hocquemiller R Ferreira ME Rojas de Arias A Fournet A 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2003,17(6):678-680
An alkaloidal extract of the stem barks of Zanthoxylum chiloperone var. angustifolium exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale using a TLC bioautographic method. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract resulted in the isolation of two active compounds identi fi ed as canthin-6-one and 5-methoxycanthin-6-one. Canthin-6-one exhibited a broad spectrum of activities against Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichosporon beigelii, Trichosporon cutaneum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale with MICs values between 5.3 and 46 micro mol/L. 5-methoxy-canthin-6-one was active against only Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale with a MIC value of 12.3 micro mol/L. 相似文献
10.
Fabian Fiestas Mirjana Radovanovic Silvia S Martins Maria E Medina-Mora Jose Posada-Villa James C Anthony 《BMC public health》2010,10(1):152