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Jamie H Macdonald Mysore K Phanish Samuele M Marcora Mahdi Jibani Lionel L O Bloodworth Jeffrey M P Holly Andrew B Lemmey 《Journal of renal nutrition》2004,14(4):248-252
BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) patients typically have reduced muscle mass and diminished functional capacity. The role of the muscle insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), a principal anabolic system that is involved in protein synthesis and that has downregulation that is implicated in muscle loss in animal models of uremia, has previously not been assessed in vivo in HD patients. METHODS: Seventeen HD patients were compared cross-sectionally with 17 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Body composition was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance spectrometry; functional capacity by hand grip strength, quadriceps strength, and 30-second sit-to-stand test; systemic inflammation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1); serum and muscle IGF-I and IGFBP-3 by radioimmunoassay; and fragmentation of serum IGFBP-3 by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS: Appendicular lean mass was significantly decreased in HD patients compared with controls (17.6 +/- 0.9 versus 21.5 +/- 1.5 kg, P < .05), as were all measures of functional capacity (P < .01 to .001), and highly significant positive correlations between appendicular lean mass and functional capacity were evident (appendicular lean mass and hand-grip strength, quadriceps strength, 30-second sit-to-stand test, all P < .001). TNF-alpha and TNFR1 were elevated in patients (P < .001). Although serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels did not differ between the groups (P = .295 and .379 respectively), fragmented IGFBP-3 levels were increased (53.1 +/- 16.0 versus 29.81 +/- 15.3%, P < .005). In contrast, muscle IGF-I was substantially diminished in the patient group (n = 7) relative to control (n = 5) levels (0.84 +/- 0.06 versus 2.78 +/- 1.80 pg/microg, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence of reduced IGF-I in HD patients' skeletal muscle that may be a causal factor in the muscle wasting characteristic of this population. Future research should determine the exact consequences and causes of alterations to the muscle IGF system in HD patients. 相似文献
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Mansour Njah Radhia Hergli Jalel Gloulou Slim Ben Ahmed et Moncef Marzouki 《Sozial- und Pr?ventivmedizin》1994,39(5):280-286
Resumé Dans le but d'analyser les besoins d'une population en matière de dépistage des cancers, les attitudes, connaissances et comportements des femmes à propos des cancers du sein et du col utérin sont étudiées, auprès d'un groupe de consultantes tout venant de 3 centres de santé tunisiens (Kalaa-Kebira). Les résultats soulignent la nécessité d'informer la population concernant les facteurs de risque de ces maladies, particulièrement en ce qui concerne le cancer du sein, (1er cancer de la femme en Tunisie) mais surtout sur les signes d'appel et les moyens de dépistage disponibles. Le rôle des professionnels de la santé, plus du généraliste et de la sage-femme que du gynécologue apparait clair auprès des consultantes. L'éducation individuelle et de masse doit cependant aller de pair avec une sensibilisation et une formation des professionnels de la santé eux-mêmes en matière de dépistage.
Knowledges, attitudes and behaviors of Tunisian women about gynaecologic cancers
Summary With the aim to analyze population needs in the field of cancer screening (cervical and breast cancer), attitudes, behaviors and knowledge of a tunisien women group of health service user's were studied. Results clearly demonstrate the necessity to inform the concerned population about risk factors particularly concerning breast cancer (the most frequent cancer in Tunisia) but also early symptoms and available screening methods. This role is alloted to health professionals, more for general practitioners and midwives than for gynaecologists. Health education for women and groups, however, have to go hand in hand with training of health professionals in matter of test screening.
Kenntnisse, Haltung und Verhalten der tunesischen Frauen in Bezug auf gynäkologische Krebse
Zusammenfassung Haltung, Kenntnisse und Verhalten der Frauen gegenüber dem Brustkrebs und dem des Uterushalses wurden an Hand einer Patientinnengruppe in Tunesischen Gesundheitszentren (Kalaa-kebira) erlangt. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Notwendigkeit, die Bevölkerung über die Risikofaktoren dieser Krankheiten zu unterrichten, besonders was den Brustkrebs betrifft (den verbreitetsten Krebs bei Frauen in Tunesien), aber vor allem über die Krankheitsanzeichen und die verfügbaren diagnosemethoden. Die Rolle der Gesundheitskräfte, insbesondere die des Allgemeinarztes und der Hebamme, noch vor derjenigen des Frauenarztes, sind den Patientinnen verständlich. Die individuelle sowie die massenhafte Gesundheitserziehung muss Hand in Hand gehen mit einer Sensibilisierung und einer Ausbildung des Gesundheitspersonals in Sachen Diagnosemethoden.相似文献
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Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and complement fixation test for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies against Mycoplasma pneumoniae, performed with commercial antigen and reagents, is compared with the complement fixation test (CF) in a serological study of 209 human sera. Concordant results were usually obtained by CF test and by IgG ELISA in sera from patients with recent M pneumoniae infection. In contrast, when used for an immunological survey of a general population, approximately 27% of the sera negative in the CF test were positive for IgG by the ELISA, and sera with low CF titres were found to have a broad range of IgG titre by the ELISA. This may be due to the greater sensitivity of the ELISA technique and/or to different types of antibody measured by both tests. IgM was detected by ELISA in sera from all patients with recent M pneumoniae infection diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings and by CF assay. Occasionally false-positive IgM antibodies were due to rheumatoid factor (RF); this potential interference necessitates routine testing of IgM antibody positive sera for RF. 相似文献
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Sulkowski MS Felizarta F Smith C Slim J Berggren R Goodman R Ball L Khalili M Dieterich DT;Hepatitis Resource Network Clinical Trials Group 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2004,35(5):464-472
Among HIV-infected persons, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of interferon alfa (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy in co-infected persons. Accordingly, a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter trial was conducted to establish the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of IFN alfa-2b 3 mIU daily plus RBV 800 mg/d compared with IFN alfa-2b 3 mIU thrice weekly (TIW) plus RBV 800 mg/d in HCV treatment-naive, HIV-infected subjects with compensated liver disease and stable HIV disease. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR), defined as an undetectable HCV RNA level 24 weeks after discontinuation of HCV therapy. At study entry, subjects in both groups were similar with respect to age, gender, HCV genotype, and HIV disease status. Of 180 randomized subjects, 162 received at least 1 dose of study medication, constituting the modified intention-to-treat population. After 12 weeks of therapy, 122 (75%) had serum HCV RNA levels assessed; of these subjects, early virologic response (undetectable HCV RNA or >2 log10 decrease from baseline) was observed in 33 (42%) and 13 (16%) of subjects taking daily and TIW IFN, respectively (P < 0.001). SVR was observed in 15 (19.0%) and 7 (8.4%) of subjects taking daily and TIW IFN, respectively (P = 0.05). Adverse events were similar in both groups. However, while no deaths or opportunistic infections were observed, nearly 30% of subjects stopped treatment due to adverse events and 7 subjects experienced a serious adverse event. In conclusion, SVR was achieved in 19% of HIV/HCV coinfected subjects treated with daily IFN plus RBV, but the effectiveness of therapy was substantially diminished by relatively high rates of treatment-related toxicity. 相似文献
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Ali Asghar Ghafarizadeh Mahdi Malmir Samira Naderi Noreini Tayebeh Faraji Zeynab Ebrahimi 《Andrologia》2021,53(1):e13891
Induction of oxidative stress during the sperm preparation process for assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in men can weaken sperm parameters. Vitamin E (VE) is considered a factor in boosting male fertility. This experimental study (in vitro) aimed to assess the impact of VE supplementation on sperm quality and lipid peroxidation during sperm sampling at different times. For this mention, semen samples were collected from 50 asthenoteratozoospermic men. Samples were divided into control and test groups for 2, 4 and 6 hr that the test group was incubated with VE (2 mM). In two groups, total motility, progressive motility and viability based on the WHO 2010 criteria were assessed. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in each group. In the control group, total and progressive motility and sperm viability were decreased significantly after 2 hr; however, MDA levels were increased significantly after 6 hr. Also, in the test group, sperm parameters were increased significantly after 2 hr, and MDA levels were decreased significantly after 6 hr compared to the control group. In outcome, in vitro VE supplementation may protect spermatozoa from the adverse effect of oxidative stress during sperm preparation via preservation antioxidant processes in normal condition. 相似文献
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Mina Saeedneja Mohammadreza Zafarghandi Narjes Khalili Vali Baigi Moein Khormali Zahra Ghodsi Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini Gerard M. O’Reilly Khatereh Naghdi Melika Khaleghi-Nekou Seyed mohammad Piri Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Somayeh Bahrami Marjan Laal Mahdi Mohammadzadeh Esmaeil Fakharian Habibollah Pirneja Hamid Pahlavanhosseini Payman Salamati Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani 《中华创伤杂志(英文版)》2021,24(3):153-158
Purpose: Injuries are one of the leading causes of death and lead to a high social and financial burden. Injury patterns can vary significantly among different age groups and body regions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mechanism of injury, patient comorbidities and severity of injuries.
Methods: The study included trauma patients from July 2016 to June 2018, who were admitted to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The inclusion criteria were all injured patients who had at least one of the following: hospital length of stay more than 24 h, death in hospital, and transfer from the intensive care unit of another hospital. Data collection was performed using the National Trauma Registry of Iran minimum dataset.
Results: The most common injury mechanism was road traffic injuries (49.0%), followed by falls (25.5%). The mean age of those who fell was significantly higher in comparison with other mechanisms (p < 0.001). Severe extremity injuries occurred more often in the fall group than in the vehicle collision group (69.0% vs. 43.5%, p < 0.001). Moreover, cases of severe multiple trauma were higher amongst vehicle collisions than injuries caused by falls (27.8% vs. 12.9%, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Comparing falls with motor vehicle collisions, patients who fell were older and sustained more extremity injuries. Patients injured by motor vehicle collision were more likely to have sustained multiple trauma than those presenting with falls. Recognition of the relationship between mechanisms and consequences of injuries may lead to more effective interventions. 相似文献
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