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排序方式: 共有75条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Koenraadt CJ Aldstadt J Kijchalao U Sithiprasasna R Getis A Jones JW Scott TW 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2008,79(2):230-238
We investigated how temporal and spatial effects confound the functional relationship between pupal and adult populations of Aedes aegypti and thus the value of pupal numbers as predictors of dengue transmission risk in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. We found considerable seasonal shifts in productivity of key containers. Tires contained much less pupae in the dry season than in the wet season. Earthenware jars and cement tanks for washing purposes were consistent producers over the entire study period. Houses in the two villages, with approximately twice as many houses per unit area, were significantly more likely to have adults and pupae. No significant annual, seasonal, or spatial effects on the strength of correlations between pupal and adult populations were found. Except for 2 (of 16) occasions, pupal, and adult populations were correlated strongly in time and space. Our results are consistent with application of the pupal survey technique for assessing dengue transmission risk. 相似文献
2.
N Ishimura Y Amano JD Sollano Q Zhu U Kachintorn AA Rani KB Hahm S Takahashi T Arakawa T Joh T Matsumoto Y Naito H Suzuki F Ueno S Fukudo Y Fujiwara T Kamiya K Uchiyama Y Kinoshita 《Digestion》2012,86(2):136-146
Background/Aims: Endoscopic definitions and management of Barrett's esophagus vary widely among countries. To examine the current situation regarding diagnosis, epidemiology, management and treatment of Barrett's esophagus in East Asian countries using a questionnaire-based survey. Methods: Representative members of the Committee of the International Gastrointestinal Consensus Symposium developed and sent a questionnaire to major institutions in China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Results: A total of 56 institutions in the 6 countries participated in the survey. We found that the presence of specialized columnar metaplasia is considered to be important for diagnosing Barrett's esophagus in East Asian countries except for Japan. C&M criteria have not been well accepted in East Asia. The palisade vessels are mainly used as a landmark for the esophagogastric junction in Japan. The prevalence of long segment Barrett's esophagus is extremely low in East Asia, while the prevalence of short segment Barrett's esophagus is very high only in Japan, likely due to different diagnostic criteria. Conclusion: Among East Asian countries, we found both similarities and differences regarding diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus. The findings in the present survey are helpful to understand the current situation of Barrett's esophagus in East Asian countries. 相似文献
3.
Miwa H Ghoshal UC Fock KM Gonlachanvit S Gwee KA Ang TL Chang FY Hongo M Hou X Kachintorn U Ke M Lai KH Lee KJ Lu CL Mahadeva S Miura S Park H Rhee PL Sugano K Vilaichone RK Wong BC Bak YT 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2012,27(4):626-641
Background and Aim: Environmental factors such as food, lifestyle and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection are widely different in Asian countries compared with the West, and physiological functions and genetic factors of Asians may also be different from those of Westerners. Establishing an Asian consensus for functional dyspepsia is crucial in order to attract attention to such data from Asian countries, to articulate the experience and views of Asian experts, and to provide a relevant guide on management of functional dyspepsia for primary care physicians working in Asia. Methods: Consensus team members were selected from Asian experts and consensus development was carried out by using a modified Delphi method. Consensus teams collected published papers on functional dyspepsia especially from Asia and developed candidate consensus statements based on the generated clinical questions. At the first face‐to‐face meeting, each statement was reviewed and e‐mail voting was done twice. At the second face‐to‐face meeting, final voting on each statement was done using a keypad voting system. A grade of evidence and strength of recommendation were applied to each statement according to the method of the GRADE Working Group. Results: Twenty‐nine consensus statements were finalized, including seven for definition and diagnosis, five for epidemiology, nine for pathophysiology, and eight for management. Algorithms for diagnosis and management of functional dyspepsia were added. Conclusions: This consensus developed by Asian experts shows distinctive features of functional dyspepsia in Asia and will provide a guide to the diagnosis and management of functional dyspepsia for Asian primary care physicians. 相似文献
4.
5.
Tiew P Ioset JR Kokpol U Schenk K Jaiboon N Chaichit N Chavasiri W Hostettmann K 《Journal of natural products》2002,65(9):1332-1335
Four new sesquiterpenoid derivatives named mansonones N (1), O (2), P (3), and Q (4) were isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the heartwood of Mansonia gagei, a plant used in folk medicine in Thailand. Their structures were resolved on the basis of spectrometric data interpretation and the single-crystal X-ray analysis of 1 and 2. 相似文献
6.
Srisawat S Phivthong-Ngam L Unchern S Chantharaksri U Govitrapong P Sanvarinda Y 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》2003,30(5-6):405-412
1. Atherosclerotic cardio- and cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality in Western countries. Aspirin-like drugs are widely used to prevent and treat these occlusive cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. The beneficial effects of these drugs have been largely attributed to inhibition of platelet cyclo-oxygenase activity and thromboxane (TX) A2 production. We investigated the effect of an aspirin-like drug, namely indomethacin, on endothelial function, plaque and platelet aggregation and the formation of vasoactive substances during the development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. 2. Rabbits were fed 1% cholesterol (n = 8), 1% cholesterol plus 25 mg/day indomethacin (n = 8) or normal rabbit chow (control group; n = 8) for 12 weeks. Urinary excretion rates of 2,3-dinor-TXB2, 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1alpha, 8-iso-PGF2alpha and nitrate were analysed at the beginning of dietary intervention and at 4 weekly intervals thereafter. At the end of the study period, platelet aggregation, aortic plaque formation and endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular functions of isolated aortic rings ex vivo were assessed. 3. Compared with control, in the cholesterol-fed group, urinary 2,3-dinor-TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1alpha and 8-iso-PGF2alpha excretion and platelet aggregation were significantly increased (P < 0.05), but urinary excretion of nitrate was decreased (P < 0.05). Treatment with indomethacin significantly reduced platelet aggregation, urinary 2,3-dinor-TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1alpha and 8-iso-PGF2alpha excretion (P < 0.05 vs the cholesterol-fed group) and attenuated the reduction in urinary nitrate excretion. 4. Cholesterol feeding progressively increased aortic intimal thickening and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilator function (P < 0.05 vs control), whereas indomethacin partially prevented aortic plaque formation and restored endothelium-dependent vasodilation (P < 0.05 vs the cholesterol-fed group). 5. The present study demonstrates that indomethacin reduces the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and improves endothelium-mediated vascular responses ex vivo in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The beneficial effects of indomethacin may be due to its ability to prevent the elevation of platelet aggregation, TXA2 (measured as urinary 2,3-dinor-TXB2 excretion) and 8-iso-PGF2alpha formation and to retard the decrease in endogenous nitric oxide synthesis (assessed as urinary excretion of nitrate). Despite indomethacin treatment leading to the suppression of prostacyclin biosynthesis (assessed as urinary 6-keto-PGF1alpha excretion), according to our data, indomethacin appears to preserve endothelial function. 相似文献
7.
Preliminary clinical evaluation of a protein chip for tumor marker serodiagnosis of various cancers 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Balachandra K Laisupasin P Dhepakson P Warachit J Jantraraksri U Issaragrisil S Yang XL Hus GX 《Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology / launched by the Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand》2003,21(3):171-178
This preliminary study aimed to investigate sensitivity and specificity of a protein chip system for multi-tumor marker serodiagnosis of ten types of cancers, and to understand the possible clinical applications of this protein chip for the Thai population. The specific cancers diagnosed by this protein chip are lung, breast, liver, cervix, colo-rectal, stomach, ovary, esophagus, prostate and pancreas cancers. We analyzed 215 serum samples of which 165 were obtained from clinically confirmed cancer patients and 50 from healthy people with no evidence of cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of the protein chip were 82.4% and 94.0%, respectively. The success rate of the protein chip for detecting all 10 types of cancers varied from 57% to 100%. The value of the simultaneous measurement of multiple tumor markers using the protein chip for cancer screening lied in the higher sensitivity compared to using single tumor markers for each type of cancer. In short, protein chips may be useful in mass screening for cancer during health checkups as well as for metastasis follow-up of cancer patients. 相似文献
8.
Pattara Sawasdee Chalisa Sabphon Duangporn Sitthiwongwanit Udom Kokpol 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2009,23(12):1792-1794
The rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora or kra‐chai‐dum (in Thai) is used traditionally as a folk medicine. The preliminary cholinesterase inhibitory screening of this plant extract exhibited significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities. Thirteen known methoxyflavones (1–13) were isolated and their structures were completely elucidated based on NMR analysis and compared with literature reports. Minor compounds 12–13 were reported for the first time from this species. The cholinesterase inhibitory test results showed that the highest potential inhibitors toward AChE and BChE were 5,7,4′‐trimethoxyflavone (6) and 5,7‐dimethoxyflavone (7), respectively, with the percentage inhibitory activity varying over 43–85%. The structure‐activity relationship study led to the conclusion that compounds bearing 5,7‐dimethoxy groups and a free substituent at C‐3 had a significant inhibitory effect at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, but those bearing a 5‐hydroxyl group reduced the inhibitory potency. On the other hand, flavones bearing a 3′‐ or 5′‐methoxy group did not influence the inhibitory effect. Interestingly, 5,7‐dimethoxyflavone (7) exhibited strong selectivity for BChE over AChE which may be of great interest to modify as a treatment agent for Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Elsie Yarbrough Udom Santat Israel Perel Ph.D. Cynthia Webster Rebecca Lombardi 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》1987,17(3):303-314
The effects of fenfluramine on 21 maladaptive behaviors in 20 autistic individuals were examined over a 9-month period utilizing a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled design. Raters carried out time-sampled observations in the school and residence. In addition, videotaped data were collected in controlled settings and assessed by the raters at the conclusion of the study. Some individuals displayed negative side effects such as tension, agitation, insomnia, and sweating during the 16-week period they received fenfluramine. The results demonstrated that fenfluramine caused no significant reductions in maladaptive behaviors. The lack of any significant positive results from this medication and the side effects observed strongly indicate the need for caution in the use of fenfluramine with autistic persons.This research was supported by funding from the California Department of Developmental Services, Gary Macomber, Director; Bamford Frankland, Deputy Director; Don Bowling, Chief of Clinical Program Services. The support of Frank Turley, Executive Director, and David Freehauf, Clinical Director of CSH/DC, was appreciated. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the following individuals: Gary Bazzell, Cathy Davis, Steve Haferkamp, Tracee Parker, Kathryn Peckham, Debra Spiegle, Roger Light, Henry Soper, and Donna Gaier. We are also indebted to the staff of units 64, 66, and 67 for their participation in the study. The A. H. Robins Company supplied the pondimin (fenfluramine) and placebo tablets, which were dispensed by Charles Davis, Pharm. D. We thank Drs. Edward Ritvo, B. J. Freeman, and Aurthur Yuwiler for their assistance. 相似文献
10.
Champakaew D Choochote W Pongpaibul Y Chaithong U Jitpakdi A Tuetun B Pitasawat B 《Parasitology research》2007,100(4):729-737
Chemical analysis on Curcuma zedoaria rhizome volatile oil, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques, demonstrated the presence of beta-tumerone (19.88%), 1,8-cineole (8.93%), and 7-zingiberene (7.84%) as major constituents. Larvicidal efficacy against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes of zedoary oil and its formulated preparation, zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules, were investigated and compared with that of Abate(R)sand (temephos). Zedoary oil exhibited pronounced potential against the fourth instar larvae of A. aegypti with an LC(50) and LC(99) of 33.45 and 83.39 ppm, respectively. Application of zedoary oil at a dosage yielding ten times that of LC(99) offered complete larval mortality (100% mortality) for a period of 3 days, and the larval mortality subsequently decreased to lower than 50% after application for more than 5 days. Zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules provided remarkably longer activity, with a larval mortality of 100% for a period of 9 days; and mortality below 50% was obtained in week 3 of application. The complete larval mortality that resulted from applying temephos at dosages of 0.1 and 1 ppm persisted for a period of 6 days and 4 weeks, respectively, and the larval mortality below 50% was reported on day 18 and week 11, respectively. Testing A. aegypti species against stored samples of zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules demonstrated that the product stored at 4 degrees C showed the longest larvicidal activity, followed by those kept at ambient temperature and 45 degrees C, yielding a complete larval mortality for 9, 8, and 6 days, respectively. Most samples of zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules stored at each temperature for 1 month showed slightly higher efficacy than those kept for 2 months. The larvicidal efficacy of samples stored at 4 degrees C seemed to be comparable to that of the fresh sample. The efficacy in killing A. aegypti larvae and good biological stability of zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules make this product promising as an alternative to essential oil in the development of new botanical natural larvicide for use in mosquito control programs. 相似文献