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1.
We present a new simple approach for automated, non-destructive measurement of the alpha-emitting radium isotopes ((223)Ra, (224)Ra, and (226)Ra) in water based on the emanation of their respective radon daughters ((219)Rn, (220)Rn, and (222)Rn). The method combines the high adsorption uptake of MnO(2) Resin for radium (K(d)=2.4 x 10(4)ml/g) over a wide pH range with the simplicity of the activity registration using a commercial radon-in-air analyzer (RAD7, DURRIDGE Company, Inc). Radium is first adsorbed onto the MnO(2) Resin by passing a water sample through the resin packed in a gas-tight glass cartridge. The same cartridge is then connected to the radon analyzer via a simple tubing system to circulate air through the resin and a drying system. The efficiency of the proposed system is determined by running standards prepared in the same manner. Our results indicate that the efficiency for (226)Ra is >22% if both (218)Po and (214)Po counts are collected. This is comparable with typical efficiencies for alpha spectrometry but with much less sample preparation. We estimate that an MDA of 0.8 pCi/L for (226)Ra may be obtained with this new approach using a 1L water sample and less than 4h of counting. 相似文献
2.
An improved method for determining 89Sr and 90Sr in urine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A method has been developed for the rapid isolation and quantitation of 89Sr and 90Sr in urine samples. The radiostrontium is concentrated from the bulk urine sample by coprecipitation with calcium phosphate. The precipitate is then wet ashed with nitric acid, and a solution of the resulting residue in 2 M HNO3-0.5 M Al(NO3)3 is passed through an extraction chromatographic column containing a supported crown ether that preferentially retains strontium. Sorbed strontium may then be eluted from the column with either dilute HNO3 or water and counted via liquid scintillation. A new counting scheme that permits quantitation of both 89Sr and 90Sr on the same day the separation is performed is described. 相似文献
3.
Distinct P-glycoprotein precursors are overproduced in independently isolated drug-resistant cell lines. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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L M Greenberger L Lothstein S S Williams S B Horwitz 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1988,85(11):3762-3766
A family of P-glycoproteins are overproduced in multidrug-resistant cells derived from the murine macrophage-like line J774.2. To determine whether individual family members are overproduced in response to different drugs, the P-glycoprotein precursors in several independently isolated cell lines, which were selected for resistance to vinblastine or taxol, were compared. Individual cell lines selected with vinblastine overproduced P-glycoprotein precursors of either 120 or 125 kDa. Taxol-selected cell lines overproduced either the 125-kDa precursor or both precursors simultaneously. Two similar but distinct peptide maps for the mature P-glycoproteins were observed. These maps corresponded to each precursor regardless of the drug used for selection. One vinblastine-resistant cell line switched from the 125- to the 120-kDa precursor when grown in increasing concentrations of drug. This change coincided with the overexpression of a distinct subset of mRNA species that code for P-glycoprotein. It is concluded that precursor expression is not drug-specific. These data suggest that individual overproduced P-glycoprotein family members are translated as distinct polypeptides. The results may help to explain the diversity in the multidrug-resistant phenotype. 相似文献
4.
5.
C DeCarli J Maisog D G Murphy D Teichberg S I Rapoport B Horwitz 《Journal of computer assisted tomography》1992,16(2):274-284
We describe a simple, rapid, and semiautomated method of MR analysis based on mathematical modeling of MR pixel intensity histograms. The method is shown to be accurate and reliable for regional analysis of brain, central, and subarachnoid CSF volumes. Application of the method to five young and six older subjects revealed significant age-related changes in regional brain volumes whereas no difference was found for traced central CSF volumes or subarachnoid CSF volumes. We conclude that this is a simple method that can be applied to further studies of quantification of brain structure in healthy aging and brain disease. 相似文献
6.
A R Zander S Culbert S Jagannath G Spitzer M Keating N Larry K Cockerill J Hester L Horwitz L Vellekoop 《Cancer》1987,59(6):1083-1086
A high dose combination chemotherapy regimen (CBV) consisting of cyclophosphamide (1.5 gm/m2 day 1 to day 4); BCNU (300 mg/m2 day 1) and etoposide (100 mg/m2 every 12 hours for 6 doses), followed by bone marrow transplant from human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical sibling donors, was evaluated in 29 patients in whom acute leukemia was in relapse or remission. Engraftment of donor cell type occurred in all but one of 21 patients, in whom marker differences between donor and recipient were established. Two of 11 patients transplanted during relapse of the disease, lived beyond 1 year after bone marrow transplantation. One patient died free of leukemia, 41 months after transplantation of meningitis. Two of seven patients transplanted during the second remission of the disease, are alive and free of leukemia at 42+, and 8+ months. All patients transplanted during the third or fourth remission of the disease have died from either a further relapse, or transplant related causes. The low incidence of organ toxicity with CBV allows for further dose escalation of its drug components. 相似文献
7.
Functional interactions in the brain: use of correlations between regional metabolic rates 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
B Horwitz 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》1991,11(2):A114-A120
Correlation coefficients between pairs of regional metabolic rates have been used to study patterns of functional associations among brain regions in humans and animals. An overview is provided concerning the additional information about brain functioning this type of analysis yields. A computer simulation model is presented for the purpose of giving a partial validation for correlational analysis. The model generates a set of simulated metabolic data upon which correlational analysis is performed. Because the underlying pattern of functional couplings in the model is known, these simulations demonstrate that the correlation coefficient between normalized metabolic rates is proportional to the strength of the functional coupling constant and that correlational analysis yields information on regional involvement in neural systems not evident in the pattern of absolute metabolic values. 相似文献
8.
R I Horwitz C M Viscoli M Merino T A Brennan J T Flannery S J Robboy 《Journal of clinical epidemiology》1988,41(6):593-597
We conducted an incidence study to determine the occurrence rates of clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCAC) of the vagina and cervix in young women (born in 1940 and thereafter), and a case-series analysis, focusing on the maternal history of pregnancy and delivery and in-utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Overall, 10 cases of CCAC had been listed in the files of the Connecticut State Tumor Registry prior to the study, and each of the 10 cases were confirmed as valid. In addition, another 10 cases, all previously undetected, were found after the tissue slides of young women listed as having other cancers of the vagina and cervix were reviewed by expert pathologists, suggesting that prior estimates of the incidence rate for CCAC must be misleading unless special efforts are taken to identify undetected cases. The incidence rates of vaginal CCAC (11 cases total) were highest in 1975-1979, and decreased slightly during 1980-1982. In the cervix (nine cases total), the rate increased consistently since 1970. History of in-utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol was obtained for five of eight vaginal cases and four of eight cervical cases of CCAC. In all nine cases, exposure to diethylstilbestrol was associated with a history of bleeding during the pregnancy or prior miscarriage. We conclude that the finding of stable (or rising) incidence rates for CCAC occurring nearly 30 years after the marked decrease in diethylstilbestrol sales emphasizes the need for continued clinical and epidemiologic studies of the etiology and clinical course of CCAC. 相似文献
9.
S. Nour A. El-Sharkawy W. C. Burnett E. P. Horwitz 《Applied radiation and isotopes》2004,61(6):1173-1178
The objective of this work was to establish a new procedure for 228Ra determination of natural waters via preconcentration of radium on MnO2 and separation of its daughter, 228Ac, using Diphonix ion exchange resin. Following removal of potential interferences via passage through an initial Diphonix Resin column, the first daughter of 228Ra, 228Ac, is isolated by chromatographic separation via a second Diphonix column. A holding time of >30 h for 228Ac ingrowth in between the two column separations ensures secular equilibrium. Barium-133 is used as a yield tracer. Actinium-228 is eluted from the second Diphonix Resin with 5 ml 1 M 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDPA) and quantified by addition of scintillation cocktail and LSC counting. Radium (and 133Ba) from the load and rinse solutions from the 2nd Diphonix column may be prepared for alpha spectrometry (for determination of 223Ra, 224Ra, and 226Ra) by BaSO4 microprecipitation and filtration. Decontamination tests indicate that U, Th, and Ra series nuclides do not interfere with these measurements, although high contents of 90Sr (90Y) require additional treatment for accurate measurement of 228Ra. Addition of stable Sr as a “hold back” carrier during the initial MnO2 preconcentration step was shown to remove most 90Sr interference. 相似文献
10.
Alpha crystallin was prepared from newborn and aged bovine lenses. SDS-PAGE and tryptic peptide mapping demonstrated that both preparations contained only the alpha-A and alpha-B chains, with no significant contamination of other crystallins. Compared with alpha crystallin from the aged lens, alpha crystallin from the newborn lens was much more effective in the inhibition of beta L crystallin denaturation and precipitation induced in vitro by heat. Together, these results demonstrate that during the aging process, the alpha crystallins lose their ability to protect against protein denaturation, consistent with the hypothesis that the alpha crystallins play an important role in the maintenance of protein native structure in the intact lens. 相似文献