治疗青少年首次外伤性髌骨脱位的临床观察

目的 探讨青少年首次外伤性髌骨脱位的治疗方案.方法 2010年1月至2017年12月上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心骨科接诊的外伤性髌骨脱位共62例(62膝).62例患儿均有下肢外伤史,平均年龄11.9岁.行髌骨复位或者游离体取出术后均行股四头肌肌力训练、内推髌骨、护膝佩戴及避免剧烈活动3个月.结果 24例行膝关...     

氧化芍药苷在正常与抑郁大鼠体内代谢产物的比较研究

目的 研究氧化芍药苷在正常和抑郁大鼠血浆、尿液、粪便中代谢产物的差异,并推测其主要的代谢途径。方法 选取Wistar大鼠,复制慢性应激抑郁大鼠,分别连续ig给予正常和抑郁大鼠氧化芍药苷水溶液3 d,收集大鼠血清、尿液和粪便;利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）技术结合UNIFI分析平台鉴定氧化芍药苷在正常和抑郁模型大鼠体内的原型成分及代谢产物。结果 在正常和抑郁大鼠血浆中均检测到氧化芍药苷原型成分,且在抑郁大鼠血浆中的相对含量是正常大鼠血浆的10倍;在抑郁大鼠血浆、尿液和粪便中分别鉴定出4、13、2个代谢产物,在正常大鼠血浆、尿液和粪便中分别鉴定出1、12、3个代谢产物,其中11个共有代谢产物,主要发生的代谢途径为氧化、去饱和等I相代谢反应,甲基化、葡萄糖醛酸化、乙酰化等II相代谢反应。结论 氧化芍药苷ig给药后主要以原型成分进入体内,且抑郁大鼠血浆中原型成分的相对含量较正常大鼠高10倍;在抑郁和正常大鼠中的代谢产物有差异,其中葡萄糖醛酸化为正常大鼠体内特有的代谢途径,乙酰化为抑郁大鼠体内特有的代谢途径。推测氧化芍药苷可能是以原型成分为主发挥药效作用,通过尿液和粪便以原型或代谢产物排泄。     

HIV increases sleep-based brain age despite antiretroviral therapy

Study ObjectivesAge-related comorbidities and immune activation raise concern for advanced brain aging in people living with HIV (PLWH). The brain age index (BAI) is a machine learning model that quantifies deviations in brain activity during sleep relative to healthy individuals of the same age. High BAI was previously found to be associated with neurological, psychiatric, cardiometabolic diseases, and reduced life expectancy among people without HIV. Here, we estimated the effect of HIV infection on BAI by comparing PLWH and HIV− controls.MethodsClinical data and sleep EEGs from 43 PLWH on antiretroviral therapy (HIV+) and 3,155 controls (HIV−) were collected from Massachusetts General Hospital. The effect of HIV infection on BAI, and on individual EEG features, was estimated using causal inference.ResultsThe average effect of HIV on BAI was estimated to be +3.35 years (p < 0.01, 95% CI = [0.67, 5.92]) using doubly robust estimation. Compared to HIV− controls, HIV+ participants exhibited a reduction in delta band power during deep sleep and rapid eye movement sleep.ConclusionWe provide causal evidence that HIV contributes to advanced brain aging reflected in sleep EEG. A better understanding is greatly needed of potential therapeutic targets to mitigate the effect of HIV on brain health, potentially including sleep disorders and cardiovascular disease     

正辛醇萃取甲醛的动力学研究

以正辛醇为萃取剂,研完了从酸性(HNO_3)介质中萃取甲醛的动力学。实验是在一恒界面池中进行的。通过改变搅拌强度、两相接触面积、操作温度和酸浓度,判定甲醛的萃取反应过程为在有机相膜内反应与扩散并列进行的过程,其主要特征表现为包含有机相膜的界面反应。在理论分析的基础上,结合实验结果,建立了萃取动力学模型。     

中国不同地区糖代谢状态的心血管疾病归因死亡研究

目的 分析中国不同地区糖代谢状态的归因死亡风险和疾病负担.方法 本研究数据基于2012—2015年中国高血压调查和2013年中国居民死因监测数据.共纳入22702名35岁及以上无心血管疾病史的中国高血压调查对象,并于2018—2019年对其随访心血管死亡结局.利用Cox比例风险模型,对糖代谢状态与死亡的风险比进行估计....     

支链氨基酸代谢与胰岛素抵抗的研究进展

]支链氨基酸是一类人体无法合成、主要靠外源性摄入的必需氨基酸。循环血液中支链氨基酸水平与胰岛素抵抗密切相关,其中哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1通路激活是支链氨基酸调控胰岛素抵抗的关键途径。本文就支链氨基酸的代谢过程及其在胰岛素抵抗形成中的作用和调控机制进行综述。     

PRP19 upregulation inhibits cell proliferation in lung adenocarcinomas by p21-mediated induction of cell cycle arrest

Precursor messenger RNA processing factor 19 (PRP19) is known to be a critical component of the eukaryotic spliceosomal machinery and DNA damage repair system, the deregulation of which leads to many disease conditions. In many human cancers, PRP19 expression is upregulated, but its functional significance and corresponding underlying mechanisms remain to be addressed. Focusing on lung carcinomas, PRP19 upregulation was achieved by plasmid transfection into A549 adenocarcinoma cells. The transfected cells were then subjected to several in vitro and in vivo assays following in situ assessment of the protein in paired clinical lung tissues. We report that PRP19 expression is elevated in lung carcinoma tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. Following its upregulation, PRP19 repressed cell proliferation and tumor growth by upregulating the expression of the cell cycle arrest protein p21.     

Increased expression of core-fucosylated glycans in human lung squamous cell carcinoma

Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer around the world. As one of the major types of lung cancer, lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is closely associated with smoking and shows poor sensitivity to therapy and prognosis. Although alteration of glycopatterns are reliable indicators of cancer, little is known about the alterations of protein glycosylation related to LUSC. In this study, we compared the differential expression levels of glycopatterns in seven pairs of LUSC tissues and normal pericarcinomatous tissues (PCTs) using lectin microarrays. Fluorescence-based lectin histochemistry and lectin blotting were utilized to validate and assess the expression and distribution of certain glycans in LUSC tissues and PCTs. And we further analyzed their total N-linked glycans using MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS to provide more information about the aberrant glycopatterns. The results showed that the expression level of the core fucosylation recognized by Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA) and Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) was significantly increased in LUSC tissues compared with PCTs. There were 10 and 15 fucosylated N-linked glycans that were detected in PCTs and LUSC tissues respectively, 10 fucosylated N-glycans were common, while five fucosylated N-glycans were unique to LUSC tissues. And the abundance of the fucosylated N-glycans was increased from 40.9% (PCTs) to 48.3% (LUSC). These finding is helpful to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the lung diseases and develop new treatment strategies.

The expression level of fucosylated and core fucosylated N-linked glycans increased in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues.     

苯酚的溶剂萃取和萃淋树脂吸附

测定了N503、TBP和TRPO萃取苯酚的平衡曲线。发现TBP和TRPO萃取平衡线可用Langmuir型方程表示,20℃时的萃取平衡常数分别为157和540。N503萃取苯酚的平衡线呈S形,因此低浓度时萃取脱酚比较困难。含TBP和TRPO的萃淋树脂吸附苯酚的平衡性能与萃取相似,其温度引起的变化和溶剂萃取完全相同,但同温度下的平衡常数略小。讨论并比较了不同萃取剂萃取和萃淋树脂吸附的性能,认为萃淋树脂有其优越性。