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Increased amino acid availability acutely stimulates protein synthesis partially via activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Plant-and insect-based protein sources matched for total protein and/or leucine to animal proteins induce a lower postprandial rise in amino acids, but their effects on mTOR activation in muscle are unknown. C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with different protein solutions: whey, a pea–rice protein mix matched for total protein or leucine content to whey, worm protein matched for total protein, or saline. Blood was drawn 30, 60, 105 and 150 min after gavage and muscle samples were harvested 60 min and 150 min after gavage to measure key components of the mTORC1 pathway. Ingestion of plant-based proteins induced a lower rise in blood leucine compared to whey, which coincided with a dampened mTORC1 activation, both acutely and 150 min after administration. Matching total leucine content to whey did not rescue the reduced rise in plasma amino acids, nor the lower increase in mTORC1 compared to whey. Insect protein elicits a similar activation of downstream mTORC1 kinases as plant-based proteins, despite lower postprandial aminoacidemia. The mTORC1 response following ingestion of high-quality plant-based and insect proteins is dampened compared to whey in mouse skeletal muscle. 相似文献
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Real-time quantification of CK-19 mRNA-positive cells in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients using the lightcycler system. 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
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Zachary A. Hing Tal Schiller Andrew Wu Nobuko Hamasaki‐Katagiri Evi Budo Struble Estelle Russek‐Cohen Chava Kimchi‐Sarfaty 《British journal of haematology》2013,160(6):825-837
Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is a rare, recessively inherited genetic disorder with varying clinical presentation that is caused by ADAMTS13 mutations. Several studies have found limited associations between ADAMTS13 mutations and cTTP phenotype. The use of in silico tools that examine multiple mutation characteristics may better predict phenotype. We analysed 118 ADAMTS13 mutations found in 144 cTTP patients reported in the literature and examined associations of several mutation characteristics, including N‐terminal proximity, the evolutionary conservation of the affected amino acid position, as well as amino acid charge/phosphorylation and genetic codon usage to disease phenotype. Structure‐altering mutations were examined for their impact on ADAMTS13 function based on existing ADAMTS13 crystallographic data (AA 77‐685). Our in silico data indicate that: (i) The position of the mutation in the N‐ or C‐terminus, (ii) evolutionary conservation and (iii) codon usage of the affected mutation position are associated with disease parameters, such as age of onset, organ damage and fresh frozen plasma prophylaxis. In conclusion, the usage of multiple in silico tools presents a promising strategy in refining predictions for the diverse presentation of cTTP. Enhancing our utilization of in silico tools to find genotype‐phenotype associations will create better‐tailored approaches for individual patient treatment. 相似文献
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Harilaos Papachristou Evi Aresti Marios Theodorou Georgia Panayiotou 《Cognitive therapy and research》2018,42(3):289-301
College alcohol drinking is a public health concern worldwide. A line of research indicates that higher social anxiety is associated with more severe college drinking. However, other studies reveal a protective role of social anxiety against alcohol drinking in college students. Attempting to reconcile contradictory findings, we examined the hypothesis that there are multiple antagonistic pathways that could explain the social anxiety-college drinking relationship. In addition, there may be individual difference variables that moderate these processes. Furthermore, it was expected that the processes could vary as a function of the alcohol drinking outcomes examined. Expectancy theory emphasizes the role of alcohol outcome expectancies in alcohol drinking. Thus, in the present study we tested whether global positive and negative alcohol outcome expectancies partially mediate the relationship between social anxiety, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related problems in a sample of 245 university students. We also examined the moderating role of gender in these mediating processes. Results revealed parallel but oppositional processes. Higher social anxiety was associated with heavier alcohol drinking and more serious alcohol-related problems via stronger positive alcohol outcome expectancies. However, the mediating role of positive alcohol outcome expectancies varied as a function of gender. It appears that in female students the mediating effect of positive alcohol outcome expectancies was stronger than in male students. On the other hand, higher social anxiety had a protective role against alcohol consumption but not against alcohol-related problems via stronger negative alcohol outcome expectancies. Finally, there was an inverse direct relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption. 相似文献
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Evi IOANNIDOU Dimitra PSALLA Elias PAPADOPOULOS Anastasia DIAKOU Vasiliki PAPANIKOLOPOULOU Harilaos KARATZIAS Zoe S POLIZOPOULOU Nektarios D GIADINIS 《Iranian Journal of Parasitology》2015,10(2):301-305
Coenurosis is a disease of the central nervous system in sheep, caused by Coenurus cerebralis, the larval stage of Multiceps multiceps, which inhabits the small intestine of Canidae. A case of regurgitations in a 2.5 month old lamb with acute coenurosis is being reported. The lamb was presented with a sudden onset of ataxia and regurgitations for 10 days. The post-mortem examination revealed 4 immature C. cerebralis cysts between 0.5 and 1.5 cm in diameter located in the brainstem and cerebellum, and histopathological examination revealed multifocal pyogranulomatous meningoencephalitis, so a diagnosis of acute coenurosis was established. Thus, acute coenurosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of regurgitations in lambs. 相似文献
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Relationship Between Minor Myocardial Damage and Inflammatory Acute-Phase Reaction in Acute Coronary Syndromes 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Hoffmeister HM Ehlers R Büttcher E Steinmetz A Kazmaier S Helber U Szabo S Beyer ME Seipel L 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2003,15(1):33-39
Background: In severe acute coronary syndromes (ACS) elevation of markers of inflammation and acute phase reaction (APR) like C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as a release of troponin have been reported.Using a high sensitivity troponin T (TnT) test we investigated whether an APR occurs in ACS only in the presence of ischemic myocardial damage.
Methods: In 85 patients with ACS C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), fibrinogen, thrombin antithrombin III complexes (TAT) and kallikrein were determined vs. high sensitive TnT (0.02 ng/ml) initially and 2 d later vs. 45 patients with stable angina pectoris and 42 controls.
Results: In stable angina pectoris, markers of inflammation and coagulation were slightly elevated (p < 0.05). Initially in ACS elevations of CRP to 1.2 ± 0.3 mg/dl, SAA to 4.8 ± 2.6 mg/dl and fibrinogen to 448 ± 21 mg/dl (all p < 0.01 vs. controls) were found followed by a significant APR (p < 0.01).In the subgroup of TnT positive ACS patients, an APR with increased CRP (4.1 ± 1.3 mg/dl), SAA (20.4 ± 8.3 mg/dl), and fibrinogen (641 ± 45 mg/dl) was detectable (all p < 0.05 vs. TnT negative patients). In contrast, patients without TnT release showed APR markers comparable to patients with stable angina pectoris.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate an association between myocardial injury in ACS and acute phase reaction as evidenced by several molecular markers. A highly sensitive TnT-test identified myocardial inury in about all patients with APR while a standard TnT cut-off (0.1 ng/ml) missed 32% of these patients. Thus, the APR in patients with ACS is strongly associated with at least minor ischemic myocardial damage and prior findings of an APR independent from myocardial injury are probably based on less sensitive troponin tests. 相似文献
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Klaus-Dieter Preuss Michael Pfreundschuh Natalie Fadle Evi Regitz Boris Kubuschok 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2015,125(1):316-323
Posttranslationally modified proteins serve as autoimmunogenic targets in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases. Here, we identified a posttranslationally modified paraprotein target (paratargs) in monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myelomas (MM), and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemias (WM) using protein macroarrays that were sumoylated and screened for reactivity with paraproteins from MGUS, MM, and WM patients. We found that paraproteins from a proportion of European, African-American, and Japanese patients specifically reacted with the sumoylated heat-shock protein 90 β isoform-α (HSP90-SUMO1, where SUMO indicates small ubiquitin-like modifier), while no reactivity with HSP90-SUMO1 was detected in over 800 controls. HSP90-SUMO1 was present in blood cells from all patients with HSP90-SUMO1–binding paraproteins. We determined that the HSP90-SUMO1 carrier state is autosomal-dominantly inherited and caused by the inability of SUMO peptidase sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2) to desumoylate HSP90-SUMO1. HSP90-SUMO1 was detected in a small percentage of healthy individuals from all backgrounds; however, only MGUS, MM, and WM patients who were HSP90-SUMO1 carriers produced HSP90-SUMO1–specific paraproteins, suggesting that sumoylated HSP90 promotes pathogenesis of these diseases through chronic antigenic stimulation. This study demonstrates that harboring HSP90-SUMO1 identifies healthy individuals at risk for plasma cell dyscrasias and that dominant inheritance of posttranslationally modified autoantigenic paratargs is one of the strongest molecular defined risk factors for MGUS, MM, and WM. 相似文献