喉癌患者染色体对致突变剂诱发畸变的敏感性研究

采用平阳霉素作为诱变剂，对２８例喉癌患者和２３例正常人做外周血淋巴细胞染色体对诱变剂敏感性研究，结果显示喉癌患者的染色体总畸变率、每细胞染色单体断裂率（ｂ／ｃ值）和细胞畸变率分别为１．９８％±０．０５％，０．５７％±０．３５％和４２．８％±１２％。正常人则分别为０．９４％±０．０４％，０．２８％±０．１２％和２７％±１２％。经统计学处理，喉癌患者组与正常人组的差异有高度显著性。并结合实验结果探讨了染色体对致突变剂的敏感性与患喉癌风险的关系。     

阿司匹林联合银杏叶制剂对老年高脂血症脂质及血流变的影响

目的：观察阿司匹林联合银杏叶制剂对老年高脂血症脂质、脂蛋白代谢及对血液流变学的影响.方法：将264例老年高脂血症患者随机分为两组.治疗组138例,口服银杏叶片、阿司匹林;对照组126例,口服复方丹参片.结果：降低血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、脂蛋白α（LPα）治疗组优于对照组（P＜0.05）;改善动脉硬化指数优于对照组（P＜0.05）.改善血液流变学多项指标两组与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：阿司匹林联合银杏叶制剂具有调节老年高脂血症患者脂质和脂蛋白代谢,改善血液流变学的作用.     

灯盏花素注射液对慢性肺源性心脏病失代偿期血流动力学和心功能影响

目的 :探讨灯盏花素注射液对慢性肺源性心脏病 (肺心病 )患者血流动力学和心功能的影响。方法 :将符合诊断标准的 84例患者随机分为治疗组 4 6例和对照组 38例。对照组选用敏感抗生素 ,常规止咳、祛痰、平喘 ,心功能不全者加用地高辛或利尿剂。治疗组除按对照组上述方法处理外 ,加用灯盏花素注射液 5 0 m g,1次 /d。两组疗程均为 2 0 d。结果 :1治疗组临床控制、显效、好转和无效率分别为 17.39%、4 5 .6 5 %、30 .4 3%和6 .5 2 % ,总有效率为 93.4 8% ;对照组分别为 5 .2 6 %、31.5 8%、39.4 7%、2 3.6 8%和 76 .32 % ;u=14 .2 198,P<0 .0 5 ,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。 2心功能改善治疗组也好于对照组 (u=14 .2 10 9,P<0 .0 5 )。 3治疗组治疗后血浆黏度及全血高、低切黏度较对照组明显降低 ,动脉血氧分压 (Pa O2 )和动脉血氧饱和度 (Sa O2 )较对照组明显升高 (P均 <0 .0 1)。 4治疗组治疗后平均肺动脉压 (m PAP)、肺血管阻力 (PVR)、心排血量 (CO)和心脏指数 (CI)均较对照组有明显改善 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论 :灯盏花素能显著改变慢性肺心病患者的血液流变学 ,降低肺动脉高压 ,改善心功能 ,提高失代期临床疗效。     

Migration and child health inequities in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of contextual- and individual-level factors

Objective To assess the role of rural–urban migration in the risks of under‐five death; to identify possible mechanisms through which migration may influence mortality; and to determine individual‐ and community‐level relationships between migration status and under‐five death. Method Multilevel Cox regression analysis was used on a nationally representative sample of 6029 children from 2735 mothers aged 15–49 years and nested within 365 communities from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to express the measures of association between the characteristics, and intra‐class coefficients were used to express the measures of variation. Results Children of rural non‐migrant mothers had significantly lower risks of under‐five death than children of rural–urban migrant mothers. The disruption of family and community ties, low socio‐economic position and vulnerability, and the difficulties migrants face in adapting into the new urban environment, may predispose the children of rural–urban migrants to higher mortality. Conclusion Our results stress the need for community‐level and socio‐economic interventions targeted at migrant groups within urban areas to improve their access to health care services, maternal education, as well as the general socio‐economic situation of women.     

Candidate markers for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in low-molecular weight fraction of serum

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents an important public health problem in Egypt where up to 90% of HCC cases are attributable to hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. Serum alpha-fetoprotein is elevated in only approximately 60% of HCC patients. The development of effective markers for the detection of HCC could have an impact on cancer mortality and significant public health implications worldwide. The objective of our study was to assess six candidate markers for detection of HCC identified by mass spectrometric analysis of enriched serum. The study examined 78 HCC cases and 72 age- and gender-matched cancer-free controls recruited from the Egyptian population. Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis of enriched low-molecular weight fraction of serum was used for identification of the candidate markers. Our analyses show that all six candidate markers are associated with HCC after adjustment for important covariates including HCV and hepatitis B viral infections. The marker candidates are independently predictive of HCC with areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AuROC) curve ranging from 63-93%. A combination of the six markers improves prediction accuracy to 100% sensitivity, 91% specificity and 98% AuROC curve in an independent test set of 50 patients. Two of the candidate markers were identified by sequencing as fragments of complement C3 and C4. In conclusion, a set of six peptides distinguished with high prediction accuracy HCC from controls in an Egyptian population with a high rate of chronic HCV infection. Further evaluation of these marker candidates for the diagnosis of HCC is needed.     

SURAMIN ACTIVIY IN HUMAN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA——Ⅱ.EFFECT OF SURAMIN ON HUMAN HEAD AND NECK CARCINOMA XENOGRAFTS AND RELATED TOXICITY AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES IN NUDE MICE

In part Ⅰ of the study,we have demonstrated that suraminhas a marked antiproliferative effect on human head and neck squamous cellcarcinoma cell lines,In the present study,both toxicity and pharmacokineticstudies in nude mice were done.The treatment of nude mice bearing head andneck cancers with suramin showed that suramin had a minimal antitumor effect.The possible mechanism of suramin lacking antitumor effect is discussed.     

Expression patterns among interferon regulatory factor-1, human X-box binding protein-1, nuclear factor kappa B, nucleophosmin, estrogen receptor-alpha and progesterone receptor proteins in breast cancer tissue microarrays

Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), human X-box binding protein-1 (hXBP-1), nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NFkappaB p65) and nucleophosmin (NPM) have been implicated in a signaling network of endocrine responsiveness. Expression of these proteins was measured by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of 54 breast tumors. Correlations between each protein and established prognostic markers were assessed by Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient analyses. Moderate/strong staining is seen for hXBP-1 (79% of tumors) and NFkappaB p65 (57%). NPM exhibits nuclear staining (95%); IRF-1 exhibits both cytosolic (IRF-1c; 90%) and nuclear staining (IRF-1n; 51%). IRF-1c is associated with age (p=0.034); IRF-1n and PgR expression are correlated (p=0.014). NFkappaB p65 shows a borderline association with S phase (p=0.062). Coexpression of IRF-1c and hXBP1 (p=0.001), IRF-1c and NFkappaB (p=0.002), and hXBP-1 and NFkappaB (p=0.018) is observed. An inverse correlation exists between IRF-1n and NFkappaB (p=0.034). All four proteins are detected in breast tumors and their expression patterns support their role(s) in a key signaling network.