眼睑皮肤炭疽一例

者女，36岁，因右眼上睑丘疹水疱伴痒6 d，加重1 d于2018年10月23日就诊。6 d前患者右眼上睑皮肤无明显原因微痒，出现绿豆大小肤色丘疹。在当地卫生所给予外搽金霉素眼膏对症治疗，3 d后小丘疹变为绿豆大小水疱，边缘见淡黄色渗液，随后水疱中心部位破溃，右眼眶周稍肿胀，右面部及头部疼痛明显……     

国外52所大学临床药学专业研究生教学体系的比较研究

了解和分析国外大学如何通过研究生教育培养合格的临床药师,为发展适合我国国情的临床药学研究生教学体系提供启示与经验。     

Formulas Used by Tibetan Doctors at Men‐Tsee‐Khang in India for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Their Correlation with Pharmacological Data

The aim of the present study was to identify formulas used at Men‐Tsee‐Khang (Tibetan Medical and Astrological Institute), India, for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders and to compare the Tibetan usage of particular ingredients with pharmacological data from the scientific database. Using ethnographic methods, five doctors were selected and interviewed. A correlation was observed between central nervous system disorders and rLung, one of the three humors in Tibetan medicine, which imbalance is the source of mental disorders, and ten multi‐ingredient formulas used to treat the imbalance of this particular humor were identified. These formulas utilize 61 ingredients; among them were 48 plant species. Each formula treats several symptoms related to rLung imbalance, so the plants may have therapeutic uses distinct from those of the formulas in which they are included. Myristica fragrans, nutmeg, is contained in 100% of the formulas, and its seeds exhibit stimulant and depressant actions affecting the central nervous system. Preclinical and clinical data from the scientific literature indicate that all of the formulas include ingredients with neuropsychiatric action and corroborate the therapeutic use of 75.6% of the plants. These findings indicate a level of congruence between the therapeutic uses of particular plant species in Tibetan and Western medicines. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chemical constituents of the whole plants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saussurea medusa</Emphasis>

The chemical constituents of the traditional Tibetan medicine of Saussurea medusa Maxim. (Compositae) were investigated and a new flavonoid glucoside, together with 14 known compounds, was isolated. The structure of the new compound was established as 6″-O-crotonoylhomoplantaginin by using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因插入/缺失多态性与康巴藏族心功能的关系研究

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)基因的插入/缺失(insertion/deletion,I/D)多态性与康巴藏族心功能的关系,以探讨康巴藏族是否具有优于其他地区藏族的遗传素质及体能.方法 将昌都地区的类乌齐和芒康两个县小学随机抽取的119名11～12岁儿童作为实验组,日喀则地区的白朗县和山南地区的曲松县抽取112名同年龄儿童作为对照组.应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对ACE基因16内含子I/D(rs1799752)多态性进行检测;超声心动图测量左心室每搏输出量、射血分数、心排出量等心功能指标;采用SPSS16.0软件进行统计分析.结果 男生组心排出量、每搏输出量等心功能指标实验组高于对照组、心率对照组高于实验组;女生组心排出量、每搏输出量、射血分数实验组均高于对照组.以上差异P值均小于0.05,有统计学意义.对照组ACE基因I/D多态性位点DD、ID、II基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡;实验组与对照组的基因型频率和等位基因频率均没有统计学意义.II型个体每搏输出量、射血分数实验组均高于对照组;收缩压、心率对照组高于实验组;DD型个体每搏输出量实验组高于对照组;ID型个体其心排出量、每搏输出量、射血分数实验组均高于对照组,心率对照组高于实验组;以上差异均具有统计学意义.结论 说明实验组康巴藏族的心功能在高原环境下强于对照组;但是该差异与ACE基因I/D多态性无关.     

西藏地区淋病和梅毒575例临床分析

目的了解西藏自治区淋病和梅毒的发病情况及基本流行特征,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2004-2008年西藏自治区7地(市)的疾病预防控制中心网络直报系统报告资料中的淋病和梅毒数据采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行分析。结果西藏自治区梅毒发病率呈逐年上升趋势,淋病发病率则呈逐年下降趋势;男性淋病和梅毒患者分别为75.78%和62.40%,女性分别为24.22%和37.60%;淋病和梅毒发病主要分布在20岁年龄组(淋病77.33%和梅毒62.40%),40岁组(淋病11.87%,梅毒26.40%)次之;淋病发病以农牧民为主(30.00%),而梅毒以干部(25.60%)和农牧民为主(11.20%)。结论西藏自治区淋病和梅毒发病以男性青壮年农牧民为主,需加强高危人群的性病防治和健康宣教工作。     

维医辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛的研究进展

通过维医药辨证分型,对辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效作出了综述,指出其仍需要临床分析并加以报道。     

Preparative separation of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors originating from Saxifraga sinomontana employing medium-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Traditional Tibetan medicines elaborately document the health benefits of Saxifraga sinomontana. However, there have been limited reports on its chemical make-up, presumably because of the complicated separation and purification process. In this work, a methanolic extract of Saxifraga sinomontana was utilized for targeted separation of 4 key 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors employing the medium-pressure liquid chromatography, reversed-phase liquid chromatography in combination with on-line reversed-phase liquid chromatography-1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl detection. Pre-treatment of the sample was carried out by employing medium-pressure liquid chromatography using MCI GEL® CHP20P as the stationary phase, furnishing 2.4 g of fraction Fr3 and 3.4 g of fraction Fr4 (the percentage retrieval was 32.7%). The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors contained in fractions Fr3 and Fr4 were subjected to additional separation using a C18 (ReproSil-Pur C18 AQ) column and yielded 106.2 mg of Fr3-1, 246.9 mg of Fr3-2, 248.5 mg of Fr4-1 and 41.8 mg of Fr4-2. The degree of purity, structures and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibition activity of the isolated DPPH inhibitors were determined, and four 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors including two new diarylnonanoids (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-(6′-O-galloyl)-1-O-β-d-glucopyrano side with IC₅₀ of 39.6 μM, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-(6′-O-galloyl)-1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside with IC₅₀ of 46.9 μM, saximonsin A with IC₅₀ of 11.4 μM, and saximonsin B with IC₅₀ of 20.6 μM) were isolated with a percentage purity above 95%. The methodology thus evolved has good efficacy for preparatively isolating high-purity 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors from extracts of Saxifraga sinomontana and could be efficiently utilized for rapidly isolating 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors from other natural products.

Preparative separation of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl inhibitors originating from Saxifraga sinomontana employing medium-pressure liquid chromatography in combination with reversed-phase liquid chromatography.     

Development of an HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) method for quantitative analysis of Saussurea tridactyla

An improved HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) method has been developed to simultaneously quantify eight major compounds in Saussurea tridactyla Sch.-Bip. ex Hook. f. which has long been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine. This method was validated to be sensitive, precise and accurate with the LODs of 0.11-5.01 microg/ml, the overall intra-day and inter-day variations less than 2.70%, and the overall recovery over 98.0%, respectively. The correlation coefficients (r(2)) of the calibration curves were higher than 0.991. This newly established method was successfully applied to reveal the difference in the chemical profiles and contents of these analyses in S. tridactyla from different localities. In addition, by comparison UV and MS spectra with those of authentic compounds and literatures, a total of fourteen peaks were identified. It can be concluded that this method was effective to ensure the safety and efficacy consistency of S. tridactyla, and can be applied to other traditional Tibetan medicinal plants from different resources in Tibet.