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Singh Premindra Gagandeep MS DEA Graeme John Poston MS Dr. Anne Rosemary Kinsella PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1995,2(2):179-188
Background: Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment modality for the majority of patients with solid tumors. Conventional
chemotherapy and radiotherapy only have roles as adjuvant or palliative therapies for most common cancers. Two decades of
research have led to the first attempts at producing and introducing clinically useful genetically modified cells into humans.
Methods: Modern molecular methods have been developed that allow the stable transfer of foreign DNA sequences into human and other
mammalian somatic cells. At the present time, gene therapy predominantly involves gene insertion either directly into a target
cell in situ or into an appropriate cell in vitro that is then introduced to a physiologically relevant site. We present an
overview of the potential applications of molecular biology for practicing surgeons, particularly in the field of surgical
oncology, to show how genes are harnessed and inserted into target somatic cells.
Conclusions: Although significant clinical therapies have and will continue to emerge from these initial experiments, only the future
will provide evidence of whether the present technical skills are sufficient to have an impact on the long-term benefits for
patients with cancer and genetic defects. 相似文献
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Kyriakos Souliotis PhD Lily E. Peppou MSc Eirini Agapidaki MSc Chara Tzavara PhD Dominique Debiais PhD Stanimir Hasurdjiev PhD Francois Sarkozy MD DEA MBA 《Health expectations》2018,21(2):474-484
Background
Patient organization participation in health policy decision making is an understudied area of inquiry. A handful of qualitative studies have suggested that the growing number of patient organizations in Europe and their increasing involvement in policy issues do not result in high political effectiveness. However, existing research is largely country‐specific.Objective
To examine the degree and impact of cancer patient organization (CPO) participation in health policy decision making in EU‐28 and to identify their correlates.Methods
A total of 1266 members of CPOs participated in this study, recruited from a diversity of sources. CPO participation in health policy was assessed with the Health Democracy Index, a previously developed instrument measuring the degree and impact of patient organization participation in various realms of health policy. Additional questions collected information about participants' and the CPO's characteristics. Data were gleaned in the form of an online self‐reported instrument.Results
The highest degree of CPO participation was observed with respect to hospital boards, reforms in health policy and ethics committees for clinical trials. On the contrary, the lowest was discerned with regard to panels in other important health‐related organizations and in the Ministry of Health. The reverse pattern of results was observed concerning the Impact subscale. As regards the correlates of CPO participation, legislation bore the strongest association with the Degree subscale, while organizational factors emerged as the most important variables with regard to the Impact subscale.Conclusions
Research findings indicate that a high degree of CPO participation does not necessarily ensure a high impact. Efforts to promote high and effective CPO participation should be geared towards the establishment of a health‐care law based on patient rights as well as to the formation of coalitions among CPOs and the provision of training to its members. 相似文献5.
Cynthia Kassis DDS CES DEA MSc PhD Carina Mehanna DDS CES DEA PhD Pierre Khoury DDS DESS Hani Tohme DDS MSc PhD Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez DDS MSc PhD Rim Bourgi DDS MSc Monika Lukomska-Szymanska DDS MSc PhD Louis Hardan DDS CES DEA PhD 《Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]》2023,35(3):493-500
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