A survey study on some neurological symptoms and sensations experienced by long term users of mobile phones

A survey study was conducted to investigate the possible effects of mobile phone on headache, dizziness, extreme irritation, shaking in the hands, speaking falteringly, forgetfulness, neuro-psychological discomfort, increase in the carelessness, decrease of the reflex and clicking sound in the ears. There is no effect on dizziness, shaking in hands, speaking falteringly and neuro-psychological discomfort, but some statistical evidences are found that mobile phone may cause headache, extreme irritation, increase in the carelessness, forgetfulness, decrease of the reflex and clicking sound in the ears.     

Some serum acute phase proteins and immunoglobulins concentrations in calves with rotavirus,coronavirus, E. coli F5 and Eimeria species

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the serum concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and IgG, IgA in calves with diarrhea caused by rotavirus, coronavirus, Escherichia coli F5 and Eimeria species. The experiment was carried out on 40 diarrhoeic and 10 non-diarrhoeic calves (group C). A total of 13 calves were infected with rotavirus or coronavirus (group V), 12 calves with E. coli F5 (group B) and 15 calves with Eimeria species (group P). SAA and Hp levels of calves in groups V, B and P were statistically higher than group C (P<0.05). SAA and Hp levels of the group B and group P were significantly higher than the group V (P<0.05). SAA and Hp levels in group B were not significantly higher than the group P. The levels of IgG and IgA were found to be lower in groups B and V compared to other groups. There was a negative correlation between immunoglobulins and the levels of serum Hp and SAA in groups B and V (r=-0.315 and r=-0.369, respectively, P<0.05). Serum SAA, Hp, IgA and IgG levels could be useful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diarrhea caused by rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli F5 and Eimeria species.Key Words: Diarrhea, Serum amyloid A, Haptoglobin, IgA, Calves     

A case of Whipple's disease complicated by fatal hepatitis

Whipple's disease was diagnosed in a 42-year-old woman by the histological examination of a mesenteric lymph node taken at laparotomy, and the electron microscopic examination of a peroral intestinal biopsy specimen. She responded well to tetracycline therapy, but succumbed to fatal hepatitis ten weeks after the diagnosis of Whipple's disease     

Treatment of mild-to-moderate hypertension with calcium channel blockers: a multicentre comparison of once-daily nifedipine GITS with once-daily amlodipine

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular disease, and treatment of hypertension leads to a significant reduction in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Although calcium channel blockers are regarded as an important part of the therapeutic armamentarium against cardiovascular diseases, and are among the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medications, concern has been aroused about these drugs, particularly the short-acting dihydropyrldine derivatives. However, the value of nifedipine GITS(Adalat-Crono), the long-acting dihydropyrldine, is in need of being re-established. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness, safety and tolerability of once-daily nifedipine and amlodipine treatment in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. DESIGN: Randomised multicentre trial with an open comparison of treatments for 12 weeks, with a preceding placebo run-in period of 2 weeks (patients on beta-blockers at the time of enrollment entered a mandatory 2-week wash-out period before being allowed In the placebo run-in period;this wash-out period was one week for patients using any antihypertensive medication other than beta-blockers). SETTING: Nine centres (all university hospitals) in Turkey. PATIENTS: 155 patients with essential hypertension(diastolic blood pressure 95-109 mmHg). INTERVENTIONS: Initial treatment (step 1) consisted of 30 mg nifedipine GlTS (n = 76; (Adalat-Crono tablets), or 5 mg amlodipine (n = 79; Norvasct5-mg tablets), either administered once daily, as a morning dose, or f the blood pressure was not below 140/90 mmHg, or the reduction In diastolic blood pressure was lower than 10 mmHg after a treatment period of 6 weeks, the dose was increased (Step 2) to 60 mg once daily in the nifedipine group, or 10 mg once daily in the amlodipine group. MAIN EFFICACY PARAMETER: Diastolic blood pressure at trough after 12 weeks of active compound therapy adjusted to baseline. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean diastolic blood pressure was 83.1 and 81.9 mmHg,in the nifedipine and amlodipine groups, respectively (p = 0.436). The mean decrease in systolic blood pressure (28.5 +/- 11.9 and 28.2 +/- 11.2 mmHg in the nifadipine and amlodipine groups, respectively) and the mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure (16.4A +/- 7.0 and 17.5 +/- 6.9 mmHg in the nifedipine and amlodipine groups, respectively), as well as the responder rates (88.1%and 92.1%, in the nifediplne and amlodipine groups, respectively) were comparable at the end of the study. No significant differences between groups were detected In the efficacy parameters assessed in this study. Both drugs were well tolerated. The overall incidence of adverse events was 7.9% in the nifadipine group and 10.1% In the amlodipine group. However, more patients discontinued treatment prematurely in the amlodipine group (13 patients; 19.7%), than in the nifedipine group (four patients; 5.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrated that once-daily nifedipine in GITS formation and amlodipine are comparably safe and effective treatment options in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.     

Biochemical effects of experimental epidural hematoma on brain parenchyma of rats

INTRODUCTION: The management of epidural hematoma is classified into surgical or conservative treatment according to clinical and radiologic parameters. In the recent years, the number of paper suggesting conservative management has been increasing. The experimental works that have been performed are based on especially the effects of epidural hematomas. Basic pathophysiologic factors on ischemia result of brain trauma are based on biochemical mediators. Nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) are the substances that play important roles in brain damage after trauma. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this study, 36 rats are divided into three groups (n = 12/group). Epidural hematoma was achieved by 0.1 ml autolog blood in rat epidural space with balloon model. Early and late phase biochemical effects on parenchyma of epidural hematoma operated in a volume which neither alters intracranial pressure (ICP) nor creates shift effect were observed. Biochemical changes of NO and MDA levels were examined in each of three experimental groups. RESULTS: NO values increased significantly in the early group (6 hours) compared with those in the control group. Difference of NO values between the control and late groups was not significant. An increase has been found in MDA values in the control group compared with those in the early group. MDA values of the late group (30 days) were closer to that of the control group. CONCLUSION: In this study, considering biochemical results, we have found that conservative volumes which neither increase ICP nor cause brain shift do not lead to permanent changes on brain.     

Urine δ-aminolevulinic acid and erythropoietic activity in human lead intoxication

A very high blood lead concentration was detected in eight printshop workers. They also had hypochromic anemia and erythrocytosis. Their erythropoietic activity and urine δ-aminolevulinic acid content were increased. Also, various types of large distorted erythrocytes, a few in the shape of four-leafed clovers, were observed in the periphery.     

Molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases using cytological specimens

Pathologists have an important role in the diagnosis of infectious disease (ID). In many cases, a definitive diagnosis can be made using cytopathology alone. However, several ancillary techniques can be used on cytological material to reach a specific diagnosis by identifying the causative agent and consequently defining the management of the patient. This review aims to present the effectiveness of the application of molecular studies on cytological material to diagnose IDs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various molecular techniques according to the type of cytological specimen and the infectious agents. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:156–164. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Neck masses: diagnostic analysis of 630 cases in Turkish population

Neck masses can be classified into three main categories: congenital, inflammatory and neoplastic. Our aim was to determine the distribution of diagnosis in patients who were followed-up for a neck mass and had undergone surgery for diagnostic indications. Six hundred and thirty cases referred to the Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery Department of Haseki Research and Training Hospital between January 2005 and February 2012 with a neck mass who underwent excisional or incisional biopsy to establish a histopathologic diagnosis were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with a diagnosis of upper aerodigestive tract malignancy were excluded from the study. As well as the patients with thyroid masses were excluded. Only unknown primary neck masses were included in the study. The neck masses were categorized as inflammatory (33.49 %), congenital (18.9 %) or neoplastic (47.6 %). Neoplastic masses were either benign (51 %) or malignant (49 %) tumors. The most common causes were tuberculous lymphadenitis (40.28 %) among inflammatory masses, thyroglossal duct cysts (32.77 %) among congenital masses, pleomorphic adenoma (22.33 %) among benign neoplastic masses, and lymphoma (20 %) among malignant neoplastic masses. The most common types of mass were congenital in the 0–20 year age group, benign neoplastic in 21–40-year-old and malignant neoplastic in the >40-year group. Any neck mass, especially in an elderly patient, should be managed with caution as a considerable proportion may be malignant. In children and adolescents, a neck mass requiring surgery is most likely to be congenital. Tuberculosis should be considered as a cause of a neck mass due to a long-term inflammatory process in a developing country.