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Carel Bron Michel Wensing Jo LM Franssen Rob AB Oostendorp 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):107
Background
Shoulder disorders are a common health problem in western societies. Several treatment protocols have been developed for the clinical management of persons with shoulder pain. However available evidence does not support any protocol as being superior over others. Systematic reviews provide some evidence that certain physical therapy interventions (i.e. supervised exercises and mobilisation) are effective in particular shoulder disorders (i.e. rotator cuff disorders, mixed shoulder disorders and adhesive capsulitis), but there is an ongoing need for high quality trials of physical therapy interventions. Usually, physical therapy consists of active exercises intended to strengthen the shoulder muscles as stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint or perform mobilisations to improve restricted mobility of the glenohumeral or adjacent joints (shoulder girdle). It is generally accepted that a-traumatic shoulder problems are the result of impingement of the subacromial structures, such as the bursa or rotator cuff tendons. Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in shoulder muscles may also lead to a complex of symptoms that are often seen in patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement or rotator cuff tendinopathy. Little is known about the treatment of MTrPs in patients with shoulder disorders. 相似文献4.
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F F de Mul M H Hottenhuis P Bouter J Greve J Arends J J ten Bosch 《Journal of dental research》1986,65(3):437-440
Using a Raman microspectrometer, we have recorded Raman spectra of synthetically produced hydroxyapatite samples with varying carbonate contents. The apatites were produced from aqueous solutions at about 40 degrees C. From line-broadening values of the symmetric phosphate stretch, it was concluded that the carbonate substitution in these lattices has a maximum of 4.5 wt %. Both phosphate and hydroxyl ions seem to be involved in the carbonate substitution process. 相似文献
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L M Bouter O J van Rijn G Kok 《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》1990,16(3):198-202
The planning of health education in the prevention of burn injuries is typically incomplete and not stated explicitly, while the evaluation is executed only partially or is altogether non-existent. This article presents a theoretical framework for planning and evaluating health education for those at risk for burns. Systematic planning consists of an assessment of the magnitude and severity of the problem, an analysis of the behavioural risk factors, a study of the determinants of the most risky modes of behaviour, the design of an optimal intervention, and the implementation of this intervention. The evaluation phase deals with the effects on these five levels (implementation, intervention, determinants, behaviour and injury risk). Some common pitfalls are mentioned and special attention is given to the study of determinants of behaviour and to the design of the intervention. Furthermore, the importance of pretesting health education material is underlined. There appears to be a strong need for further research on the aetiology of burn injury and the relevant determinants of behaviour, before effective prevention can be realized. 相似文献
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Andres A; Morales JM; Praga M; Campo C; Lahera V; Garcia-Robles R; Rodicio JL; Ruilope LM 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1437-1440
BACKGROUND: Cyclosporin has been shown to facilitate renal vasoconstriction
and to have an antinatriuretic effect. The existence of an interference of
cyclosporin with the vasodilating properties of endothelium mediated by
nitric oxide production could mediate these effects. On the other hand, the
infusion of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine has been shown to induce
renal vasodilatation and to facilitate natriuresis in normal volunteers. We
have investigated the renal effects of the administration of an infusion of
L-arginine in renal transplant patients chronically treated with
cyclosporin. To facilitate the analysis of the data the effects of the
administration of a similar dose of cyclosporin on renal function during
the infusion of a vehicle were also investigated during the administration
of a vehicle of L-arginine. DESIGN: Ten male renal transplant patients,
chronically treated with cyclosporin and with a stable renal function were
studied during 2 consecutive days after the administration of the usual
morning dose of cyclosporin. The first day they received an intravenous
infusion of vehicle and the second the infusion of graded doses of
L-arginine (50, 100, 150 mg/kg/h) during 3 consecutive h. RESULTS: The
first day, after cyclosporin administration a significant fall (P <
0.01) was observed in natriuresis and kaliuresis in the absence of changes
in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. After the
administration of L-arginine significant (P < 0.01) increases of renal
plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, and natriuresis were seen. The
increase in blood levels of cyclosporin after its administration did not
differ between days 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that
L-arginine facilitates renal vasodilatation and natriuresis in renal
transplant patients. Furthermore, the observed increase in sodium excretion
could indicate that L-arginine counteracts the antinatriuretic effect of
cyclosporin.
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