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排序方式: 共有186条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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O'Hara GA Duncan CJ Ewer KJ Collins KA Elias SC Halstead FD Goodman AL Edwards NJ Reyes-Sandoval A Bird P Rowland R Sheehy SH Poulton ID Hutchings C Todryk S Andrews L Folgori A Berrie E Moyle S Nicosia A Colloca S Cortese R Siani L Lawrie AM Gilbert SC Hill AV 《The Journal of infectious diseases》2012,205(5):772-781
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René Van Leeuwen Lucas J Tiesinga Berrie Middel Doeke Post Henk Jochemsen 《Journal of clinical nursing》2009,18(20):2857-2869
Aim. This study contributes to the development of a valid and reliable instrument, the spiritual care competence scale, as an instrument to assess nurses’ competencies in providing spiritual care. Background. Measuring these competencies and their development is important and the construction of a reliable and valid instrument is recommended in the literature. Design. Survey. Method. The participants were students from Bachelor‐level nursing schools in the Netherlands (n = 197) participating in a cross‐sectional study. The items in the instrument were hypothesised from a competency profile regarding spiritual care. Construct validity was evaluated by factor analysis and internal consistency was estimated with Cronbach’s alpha and the average inter‐item correlation. In addition, the test–retest reliability of the instrument was determined at a two‐week interval between baseline and follow‐up (n = 109). Results. The spiritual care competence scale comprises six spiritual‐care‐related nursing competencies. These domains were labelled: 1 assessment and implementation of spiritual care (Cronbach’s α 0·82) 2 professionalisation and improving the quality of spiritual care (Cronbach’s α 0·82) 3 personal support and patient counseling (Cronbach’s α 0·81) 4 referral to professionals (Cronbach’s α 0·79) 5 attitude towards the patient’s spirituality (Cronbach’s α 0·56) 6 communication (Cronbach’s α 0·71). These subscales showed good homogeneity with average inter‐item correlations >0·25 and a good test–retest reliability. Conclusion. This study conducted in a nursing‐student population demonstrated valid and reliable scales for measuring spiritual care competencies. The psychometric quality of the instrument proved satisfactory. This study does have some methodological limitations that should be taken into account in any further development of the spiritual care competence scale. Relevance to clinical practice. The spiritual care competence scale can be used to assess the areas in which nurses need to receive training in spiritual care and can be used to assess whether nurses have developed competencies in providing spiritual care. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with a first myocardial infarction compared with a random sample of healthy controls and to determine variables associated with the disorder. DESIGN: A questionnaire was distributed to 112 consecutive patients 4 to 6 weeks after infarction and to 115 healthy controls selected randomly from the general population. Objective clinical measures were obtained from the patients' medical records. RESULTS: Twenty-five (22%) patients qualified for a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with 8 (7%) controls with patients being more than a three-fold (OR: 3.84; 95% CI: 1.65 to 8.94) risk of having the disorder. When adjusting for other variables, the risk was reduced to above a two-fold risk (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 0.99-7.41). In patients and controls, depression and neuroticism were associated with a diagnosis of PTSD adjusting for other variables. In patients, anxiety was associated with a diagnosis of PTSD adjusting for other variables. Left ventricular ejection fraction and symptoms of angina pectoris were not related to a diagnosis of PTSD in the patient group. CONCLUSIONS: Given that previous research has shown that persons with PTSD are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cardiac patients with the disorder may be at a higher risk of recurrent cardiac events. Although longitudinal studies are needed to confirm such a relationship, this disorder should not be overlooked because of its potential role in reinfarctions and mortality. 相似文献
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Berrie CP Dragani LK van der Kaay J Iurisci C Brancaccio A Rotilio D Corda D 《European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)》2002,38(18):2463-2475
Inositol-containing molecules are involved in important cellular functions, including signalling, membrane transport and secretion. Our interest is in lysophosphatidylinositol and the glycerophosphoinositols, which modulate cell proliferation and G-protein-dependent activities such as adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase A2. To investigate the role of glycerophosphoinositol (GroPIns) in the modulation of Ras-dependent pathways and its correlation to Ras transformation, we employed a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique to directly measure GroPIns in cell extracts. The cellular levels of GroPIns in selected parental and Ras-transformed cells, and in some carcinoma cells, ranged from 44 to 925 μM, with no consistent correlation to Ras transformation across all cell lines. Moreover, the derived cellular inositol concentrations revealed a wide range (150 μM to 100 mM) under standard [3H]-inositol-loading, suggesting a complex relationship between the inositol pool and the phosphoinositides and their derivatives. We have investigated these pools under specific loading conditions, designing a further HPLC analysis for GroPIns, combined with mass determinations of cellular phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. The data demonstrate that limiting inositol conditions identify a preferred pathway of inositol incorporation and retention into the polyphosphoinositides pool. Thus, under conditions of increased metabolic activity, such as receptor stimulation or cellular transformation, the polyphosphoinositide levels will be maintained at the expense of phosphatidylinositol and the turnover of its aqueous derivatives. 相似文献
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The role of personality variables and social support in distress and perceived health in patients following myocardial infarction 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Objectives: (1) To investigate whether patients with low versus high social support and satisfaction with support report less distress and health complaints following a first myocardial infarction (MI). (2) To examine whether personality traits mediate social support and its effect on distress and health complaints. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 112 consecutive patients with a first MI 4–6 weeks postinfarction. Objective clinical measures were obtained from the patients' medical records. Results: Patients with low social support were at increased risk of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Patients less satisfied with support were at increased risk of anxiety, depression, PTSD, and reported more health complaints. Generally, larger effect sizes were found for satisfaction with support compared with social support per se in relation to distress and health complaints. Neuroticism was identified as an independent predictor of all types of distress and health complaints when including both traits and social support variables in multivariable analyses, adjusted for demographic and clinical variables. Satisfaction with support only remained an independent predictor of depression. Conclusion: These results suggest that personality traits may mediate social support and its effect on distress and health complaints. Hence, it may be important to include personality variables when investigating social support in relation to distress and health. In clinical practice, screening for particular personality traits could identify patients at risk of distress and recurrent cardiac events. 相似文献
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Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-associated dementia (HAD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by HIV infection and replication in brain tissue. HIV-1-infected monocytes overexpress inflammatory molecules that facilitate their entry into the brain. Prostanoids are lipid mediators of inflammation that result from cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Because COX-2 is normally induced during inflammatory processes, the aim of this study was to investigate whether COX-2 expression is up-regulated during monocyte-brain endothelium interactions. In vitro cocultures of HIV-infected macrophages and brain endothelium showed an up-regulation of COX-2 expression by both cell types. This up-regulation occurs via an interleukin-1beta (IL1beta)-dependent mechanism in macrophages and via an IL-1beta-independent mechanism in endothelial cells. Thus, interactions between HIV-infected monocytes and brain endothelium result in COX-2 expression and, as such, might contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection. 相似文献
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Havlikova E van Dijk JP Nagyova I Rosenberger J Middel B Dubayova T Gdovinova Z Groothoff JW 《Journal of neurology》2011,258(12):2222-2229
Sleep disturbances are common and often severe in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and their symptoms can be present
at any time of day. The purpose of our study was to examine how excessive daytime sleepiness or poor nocturnal sleep quality
and mood disorders influence the quality of life (QoL) in PD patients. Ninety-three PD patients from eastern Slovakia were
recruited (49.5% males, mean age 68.0 ± 9.5 years, mean disease duration 6.1 ± 5.9 years). Sleep disturbances were measured
using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); QoL with the Parkinson’s Disease Quality
of Life Questionnaire (PDQ-39); depression and anxiety with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and disease severity
with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). χ
2 test, bivariate correlations and multiple linear regressions were performed. PSQI and ESS had significant correlations with
worse QoL (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). HADS-D (p < 0.01), HADS-A (p < 0.01), UPDRS (p < 0.01) and disease duration (p < 0.05) were also significantly related to worse QoL. In the linear regression analysis, however, only PSQI (p < 0.01), anxiety (p < 0.001) and UPDRS (p < 0.001) remained significant. The model with PSQI explained 74% of the variance, and the model with ESS explained 63% of
the variance in PDQ-39 when analyses were performed separately. In an overall model, however, only PSQI remained significant,
accounting for 82% of the variance in PDQ-39. Nighttime poor sleep and anxiety are important contributors leading to a worse
QoL. As these are treatable conditions, they should be recognized by clinicians and managed properly. 相似文献