Dynamics of extravascular pulmonary water and intracranial pressure in patients with ischemic stroke

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship among extravascular pulmonary water, intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressure, hemodynamic parameters (eg, cardiac index, system vascular resistance index), and brain stem function during acute ischemic stroke. The subjects were 17 comatose patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to an intensive care unit. The results revealed an elevation in extravascular lung water in the absence of cardiac dysfunction. The absence of correlation between indices of brain vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure confirmed that a disturbance of cerebral blood flow was present. There was a correlation between auditory-evoked potential parameters and extravascular lung water during the study period. The correlation between auditory-evoked potentials and extravascular lung water may imply that ischemic brainstem injury plays a significant role in the development of increased pulmonary capillary permeability and the elevation of extravascular lung water. Brain stem injury is a cause of noncardiogenic lung edema in comatose patients following acute ischemic stroke.     

ELISA双McAb夹心法检测鼠疫F1抗原

对应于同一F1抗原分子且不相互阻断的2株F1 McAb,分别制备酶标抗体并包被反应板,用于ELISA双McAb夹心法检测鼠疫F1抗原。以PcAb-RIHA和四步检查为对照,检测不含F1抗原的细菌8株,非鼠疫疫区8种动物的新鲜和腐败标本723份,检测结果全部阴性,和四步检查结果相同,PcAb-RIHA出现非特异反应45份。检测鼠疫强毒菌18株和感染鼠疫标本27份,GMT比PcAb-RIHA高2~4和2~3。本法特异性、敏感性、试剂稳定性均高于PcAb-RIHA。应用于鼠疫疫源地调查、疫情监测、人间疫情判定、细菌学研究效果良好。     

塔里木盆地新疆出血热蜱类及宿主动物感染调查

目的检测塔里木盆地蜱类、啮齿动物和家畜新疆出血热（克里米亚-刚果出血热，CCHF）的感染状况和自然界分布现状。方法将病原材料蜱或啮齿动物脏器或羊血液标本接种1～2日龄乳鼠，取具有典型临床症状的检查材料采用反向血凝（RPHA）和免疫荧光（IFA）方法做免疫学鉴定，并采用RT-PCR技术检测目标材料中CCHFV特异性S基因片段。结果实验室接种采集自环塔里木盆地21个县（市）的蜱类、啮齿动物脏器和羊血液标本422组，获得典型临床症状发病材料49份，其中以巴楚、尉犁、于田和若羌地区的新疆出血热临床典型发病检出率较高。用RPHA鉴定43份，阳性6份，阳性率为1．4％；RPHA阳性材料分布于尉犁、轮台和于田3个地区。用IFA鉴定42份，阳性13份，阳性率为3．1％；IFA阳性材料分布于巴楚、尉犁、民丰、轮台和于田5个地区。用RT-PCR方法检测32份，检测到CCHFV特异性S基因片段（329～548n1）31份，阳性材料分布于阿克苏、阿瓦提、巴楚、洛浦、尉犁、民丰、且末、若羌、轮台和于田10个地区。以亚东璃眼蜱的感染率最高，其次是羊，从子午沙鼠脏器材料中检测到CCHFVS基因片段。结论新疆出血热在新疆南部地区是以河流为依托，分布在环塔里木盆地区的沙漠绿洲胡杨灌木区域内，主要宿主媒介是亚东璃眼蜱，羊、骆驼等家畜和塔里木兔、子午沙鼠和大耳跳鼠可作为新疆出血热的储存宿主。     

Internet and social networks use habits of adolescents between ages of 10-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to investigate Internet and social networks use habits and online risks of children and adolescents between the ages of 10–19 in the Kyrgyz Republic. Data were collected using questionnaires in several government schools in Bishkek during Spring 2018. Totally 316 children participated in this study. The study employed quantitative methods for the analysis of data. As results showed, there are gender differences in using the Internet. That is, Kyrgyz boys use the Internet for watching videos, and playing games more than Kyrgyz girls. Majority of the participants indicated that they preferred to use the Internet every day mostly from their private bedrooms of homes. Furthermore, a negative linear relationship was found between age and Internet usage. This implies that as the age of children increases, Internet usage decreases. Results also demonstrated that most frequent applications used are WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook. While using the Internet and social networks, most of the participants indicated that they are using smartphones. While participants have basic knowledge about using the Internet, most of them lack specific capabilities. Finally, the study revealed the Kyrgyz parents’ attitudes and perceptions related to the Internet and social networks use of children and adolescents.     

酶标鼠疫F1McAb在酶免疫染色法快速鉴定鼠疫菌中的应用

目的观察酶标鼠疫F1McAb在酶免疫染色法快速鉴定鼠疫菌中的应用效果.方法实验感染鼠疫强毒菌的病死小鼠和处死健康小鼠尸体,20℃以上室温放置,用鼠疫F1McAb酶免疫染色法检测,同时用细菌学检验方法分离鼠疫菌和反向血凝试验(RIHA)检测鼠疫F1抗原.结果直接培养仅从5d内的鼠尸分离检出鼠疫菌,阳性率为53.3%;动物实验检出鼠疫菌的最长时间为8d,阳性率为71.6%.存放13d内,酶免疫染色阳性率为99.1%,RIHA阳性率98.2%,用酶免疫染色法和RIHA检测健康动物腐败脏器全部阴性.以上方法检查鼠疫疫区自毙动物标本12份,酶免疫染色法阳性7份,RIHA阳性6份,动物实验阳性5份,直接培养未获得阳性结果.结论酶免疫染色法检查动物腐败脏器中的鼠疫菌具有较高的敏感性和特异性.     

The effects of ATP on the contractions of rat and mouse fast skeletal muscle

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine on the contractility of rodent extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle at normal and low temperatures. Methods: Contractions of rat and mouse isolated EDL were induced by either electrical stimulation (ES) or exogenous carbachol and recorded in the presence of ATP or adenosine (both at 100 μM). Results: ATP at all temperatures caused a decrease of the contractions induced by carbachol in rat and mouse EDL and ES-induced contractions in rat EDL, while it potentiated the ES-induced contractions of mouse EDL. Adenosine reduced the contractility of rat and mouse EDL evoked by ES and did not affect the carbachol-induced contractions of rat and mouse EDL at any temperature. Discussion: Under various temperature conditions, ATP inhibits pre- but potentiates postsynaptic processes in the mouse EDL; in the rat EDL ATP causes only inhibition of neuromuscular conduction. Muscle Nerve 59:509–516, 2019     

新疆出血热病毒免疫荧光试验检测结果报告

目的了解新疆出血热(XHF)的自然界分布状况。方法对采自塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、伊犁谷地和东疆盆地23个县(市)的96份病原材料分别接种Vero-E6细胞,病原材料经细胞培养后,胰酶消化制备细胞片,应用免疫荧光试验(IFA)对细胞片进行病毒检测。结果96份病原材料中,检出新疆出血热病毒颗粒阳性材料16份,分布地区包括巴楚、于田、轮台、民丰、尉梨、莫索湾、吐鲁番和木垒。结论巴楚、于田、轮台、尉梨、莫索湾和木垒地区存在新疆出血热的自然界分布,而民丰和吐鲁番仅从羊血液标本中查出阳性,不能说明该地区存在新疆出血热的自然界分布。     

Synthesis of heteroatom-containing pyrrolidine derivatives based on Ti(O-iPr)4 and EtMgBr-catalyzed carbocyclization of allylpropargyl amines with Et2Zn

The Ti(O-iPr)₄ and EtMgBr-catalyzed regio and stereoselective carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et₂Zn, followed by deuterolysis or hydrolysis, affords the corresponding methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields. It was found that Ti–Mg-catalyzed carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et₂Zn is equally selective in dichloromethane, hexane, toluene, and diethyl ether. The reaction was tolerant to the presence of aryl, alkyl, trimethylsilyl, methoxymethyl and aminomethyl substituents on the alkyne. A selective method was proposed for the preparation of bis-pyrrolidine derivatives using Ti–Mg-catalyzed carbocyclization of bis-allylpropargyl amines with Et₂Zn.

The Ti(O-iPr)₄ and EtMgBr-catalyzed regio and stereoselective carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et₂Zn, followed by deuterolysis or hydrolysis, affords the corresponding methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields.