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排序方式: 共有471条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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Lucio Lucchin Amleto D’Amicis Maria Gabriella Gentile Nino Carlo Battistini Maria Antonia Fusco Augusta Palmo Maurizio Muscaritoli Franco Contaldo Emanuele Cereda 《Mediterranean journal of nutrition and metabolism》2009,2(3):171-179
Aim and methods Nutrition, unhealthy lifestyles and cancer appear to be strictly related, but few authors have analysed the interest in dietary
information of cancer patients and their families. This survey was conducted in the Veneto area (Italy) to investigate the
concern of cancer patients and their family members about diet as a health tool before and after diagnosis of cancer.
Results Seven hundred and four questionnaires were collected: 380 from cancer patients and 324 from family members of cancer subjects.
Breast cancer (BC) was the most frequent disease for patients (61.8%) as well as families (26.5%). Generally, the importance
of having precise diet information after diagnosis is recognised by 40.3% of patients, with significant differences between
the various types of cancer: gastric and colon/rectum cancer (GCC) patients were more concerned than BC women about precise
information concerning a diet to follow immediately after diagnosis (p = 0.000, ODs = 3.10, CI 1.68–5.71) or during treatments (p = 0.001, ODs = 2.67, CI 1.46–4.89). The nutritional information is supplied to patients in 34% of cases and to relatives
in 30.3%, often from non-medical sources. In total healthcare workers (family doctor, oncologist, surgeon, dietician) represented
the exclusive source of dietary information for 24.9% of patients and 22.9% of family members. Diet after diagnosis changes
in 69.1% of GCC patients and in 39.2% of BC women. Relatives, particularly women, report difficulties preparing patients’
meals in 30.7% of cases, changes in the eating habits of the entire family in 29.9% and discontent connected with patients
diet in 13.9%. The concern about proper nutrition after diagnosis increases more in GCC subjects (p < 0.025) when compared to BC subjects and in patients with more recent diagnosis (p < 0.041) when compared with patients with diagnosis >5 years ago, while in family members the interest in diet after diagnosis
increases more in women than in men (p < 0.030) without other differences regarding the degree of relationship, type of cancer or diagnosis time. Relatives (92.7%)
have more interest in nutritional education than patients (74.9%). Cancer patients <65 years were more interested in educational
initiatives concerning nutrition (p = 0.000, ODs = 4.46, CI 2.6–7.4) than older patients (>65 years) and female subjects were more concerned than male patients
(p = 0.008, ODs = 2.11, CI 1.2–3.6).
Conclusions The interest in the dietary knowledge and in educational initiatives concerning nutrition is high in cancer patients and their
relatives, although it decreases with the age. The poor attention paid to nutrition of cancer patients by various healthcare
workers deserves consideration, since the psychophysical wellbeing and perhaps also survival of cancer patients can be improved
by correct dietary management, as well as, naturally, by the principal treatments themselves. 相似文献
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Arianna Giannetti Gaia Toschi Vespasiani Giampaolo Ricci Angela Miniaci Emanuela di Palmo Andrea Pession 《Nutrients》2021,13(5)
Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies in infants, and its prevalence has increased over recent years. In the present paper, we focus on CMA as a model of food allergies in children. Understanding the diagnostic features of CMA is essential in order to manage patients with this disorder, guide the use of an elimination diet, and find the best moment to start an oral food challenge (OFC) and liberalize the diet. To date, no shared tolerance markers for the diagnosis of food allergy have been identified, and OFC remains the gold standard. Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy and has changed the natural history of CMA. Before this, patients had to strictly avoid the food allergen, resulting in a decline in quality of life and subsequent nutritional, social, and psychological impairments. Thanks to the introduction of OIT, the passive approach involving rigid exclusion has changed to a proactive one. Both the heterogeneity in the diagnostic process among the studies and the variability of OIT data limit the comprehension of the real epidemiology of CMA, and, consequentially, its natural history. Therefore, well-planned randomized controlled trials are needed to standardize CMA diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies. 相似文献
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Mariana Carvalho de Menezes Vanderlei Pascoal de Matos Maria de Ftima de Pina Bruna Vieira de Lima Costa Larissa Loures Mendes Milene Cristine Pessoa Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza-Junior Amlia Augusta de Lima Friche Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso 《Journal of urban health》2021,98(2):285
To overcome the challenge of obtaining accurate data on community food retail, we developed an innovative tool to automatically capture food retail data from Google Earth (GE). The proposed method is relevant to non-commercial use or scholarly purposes. We aimed to test the validity of web sources data for the assessment of community food retail environment by comparison to ground-truth observations (gold standard). A secondary aim was to test whether validity differs by type of food outlet and socioeconomic status (SES). The study area included a sample of 300 census tracts stratified by SES in two of the largest cities in Brazil, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. The GE web service was used to develop a tool for automatic acquisition of food retail data through the generation of a regular grid of points. To test its validity, this data was compared with the ground-truth data. Compared to the 856 outlets identified in 285 census tracts by the ground-truth method, the GE interface identified 731 outlets. In both cities, the GE interface scored moderate to excellent compared to the ground-truth data across all of the validity measures: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy (ranging from 66.3 to 100%). The validity did not differ by SES strata. Supermarkets, convenience stores and restaurants yielded better results than other store types. To our knowledge, this research is the first to investigate using GE as a tool to capture community food retail data. Our results suggest that the GE interface could be used to measure the community food environment. Validity was satisfactory for different SES areas and types of outlets. 相似文献
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Velasco M Arreaza R Luchsinger A Gómez J Morales E 《American journal of therapeutics》1995,2(7):451-454
Nine patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension were studied at the Vargas Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela. After antihypertensive treatment discontinuation, all patients were placed on placebo during a 1-week period, after which domperidone, a peripheral DA(2) dopaminergic blocker, was orally administered at the dose of 20 mg every 12 h during a period of 1 week. A final 1-week period of bromocriptine, 2.5 mg orally every 8 h, followed the domperidone period. Cold pressor test caused an increase of mean blood pressure and of heart rate, which was more accentuated after adding bromocriptine. Domperidone also caused an increase of serum aldosterone levels. Our results suggest that a dopaminergic mechanism is acting during the cold pressor test and during aldosterone secretion. 相似文献
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A dysregulated response of the neuroimmune system is a main contributor to the progression of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent findings suggest that protracted activating stimuli including α-synuclein, drive microglia to acquire maladaptive functions and to assume a harmful phenotype that prevail over a restorative one. Based on this concept, disease-modifying drugs should be aimed at targeting suppression of harmful-activated microglia and the associated production of neurotoxic molecules as pro-inflammatory cytokines, while sparing or inducing beneficial-activated microglia. In this study, we review current evidence in support of the beneficial effect of targeting peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ to achieve neuroprotection in PD. PPAR-γ agonists as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are currently gaining increasing attention as promising disease-modifying drugs in this disorder. Early in vitro studies, followed by studies in in vivo models of PD, have provided convincing evidence that these drugs inhibit neuronal degeneration likely by selectively targeting the expression of neurotoxic factors in reactive microglia. Potential therapeutic application has been corroborated by recent report of pioglitazone neuroprotective activity in a non-human primate model of PD. All together, preclinical evidence have prompted the translation of pioglitazone to a phase II clinical trial in early PD. 相似文献
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Lorenzin Mariagrazia Ortolan Augusta Cozzi Giacomo Calligaro Antonia Favaro Maria Del Ross Teresa Doria Andrea Ramonda Roberta 《Clinical rheumatology》2021,40(11):4569-4580
Clinical Rheumatology - We aimed to evaluate the (a) potential predictors of first biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (bDMARD) failure and (b) factors associated with failure of... 相似文献