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排序方式: 共有119条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ochiai H Ohtsu T Tsuda T Kagawa H Kawashita T Takao S Tsutsumi A Kawakami N 《Acta medica Okayama》2005,59(1):27-32
On February 13, 2002, a public health center in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, was notified that many individuals living at the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force base had symptoms resembling those of food poisoning. Self-administered questionnaires requesting information regarding meal consumption and symptoms were distributed to all 281 members at the base. A case of the illness was defined as a member who had had watery or mucousy stool, or loose stool with abdominal cramps, more than twice a day after consuming dinner on February 12. Control of the illness was defined as a member with no symptoms. The dinner on February 12 was significantly associated with the illness (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio: 3.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-12.20). A case-control study showed that, among the food supplied at dinner on February 12, the braised chop suey was significantly associated with the illness (odds ratio: 12.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.90-521.00). The braised chop suey had been stored in a chafing dish. An environmental investigation indicated that Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) in the chafing dish proliferated under an inappropriate heat-retention temperature, and the contaminated braised chop suey could have caused the food poisoning. This study demonstrated that the recommended heat-retention temperature (over 65 degrees C) should be confirmed thoroughly. 相似文献
2.
TAKADA AKIRA; TSUTSUMI MIKIHIRO; KOBAYASHI YUKI 《Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)》1994,29(6):719-727
Genetic factors related to the development of alcoholic liverand pancreatic diseases (ALD and APD) and of alcohol-inducedasthma were analyzed. The development of ALD is geneticallycontrolled and is directly associated with the polymorphismsof the genes of acetaldehyde (Ac-CHO) and ethanol-metabolizingenzymes, aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) and cytochrome P4502E1.The development of ALD and APD may also be genetically linkedwith the induction of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTT) by alcohol.Alcohol-induced asthma is related to the genotypes of ALDH2and is caused by rapid elevation of blood Ac-CHO. ALDH1 playsa very important role in the oxidation of Ac CHO in blood. 相似文献
3.
Koji WADA Mikako ARAKIDA Rika WATANABE Motomi NEGISHI Jun SATO Akizumi TSUTSUMI 《Industrial health》2013,51(5):482-489
We aimed to determine the economic impact of absenteeism and presenteeism from five
conditions potentially comorbid with depressive symptoms—back or neck disorders,
depression, anxiety, or emotional disorders, chronic headaches, stomach or bowel
disorders, and insomnia—among Japanese workers aged 18–59 yr. Participants from 19
workplaces anonymously completed Stanford Presenteeism Scale questionnaires. Participants
identified one primary health condition and determined the resultant performance loss
(0–100%) over the previous 4-wk period. We estimated the wage loss by gender, using 10-yr
age bands. A total of 6,777 participants undertook the study. Of these, we extracted the
data for those in the 18–59 yr age band who chose targeted primary health conditions
(males, 2,535; females 2,465). The primary health condition identified was back or neck
disorders. We found that wage loss due to presenteeism and absenteeism per 100 workers
across all 10-yr age bands was high for back or neck disorders. Wage loss per person was
relatively high among those identifying depression, anxiety, or emotional disorders. These
findings offer insight into developing strategies for workplace interventions on
increasing work performance. 相似文献
4.
5.
Akiomi INOUE Norito KAWAKAMI Teruichi SHIMOMITSU Akizumi TSUTSUMI Takashi HARATANI Toru YOSHIKAWA Akihito SHIMAZU Yuko ODAGIRI 《Industrial health》2014,52(6):535-540
This study was aimed to investigate the test-retest reliability and validity of a short
version of the New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (New BJSQ) whose scales have one item
selected from a standard version. Based on the results from an anonymous web-based
questionnaire of occupational health staffs and personnel/labor staffs, we selected
higher-priority scales from the standard version. After selecting one item with highest
item-total correlation coefficient from each scale, a 23-item questionnaire was developed.
A nationally representative survey was administered to Japanese employees
(n=1,633) to examine test-retest reliability and
validity. Most scales (or items) showed modest but adequate levels of test-retest
reliability (r>0.50). Furthermore, job demands and job
resources scales (or items) were associated with mental and physical stress reactions
while job resources scales (or items) were also associated with positive outcomes. These
findings provided a piece of evidence that the short version of the New BJSQ is reliable
and valid. 相似文献
6.
Our current study investigated how workplace social capital (WSC) mediates and moderates
the associations between adverse work characteristics and psychological distress among
Japanese workers. We collected cross-sectional data
(N=9,350) from a baseline survey of an occupational Japanese
cohort study. We focused on individual WSC and considered job demands/control,
effort/reward, and two types (i.e., procedural and interactional) of organizational
justice as work-characteristic variables. We defined psychological distress as a score of
≥5 on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6 scale). Multivariate logistic
regression analyses predicted a binary variable of psychological distress by individual
WSC and adverse work characteristics, adjusting for individual-level covariates.
Individual WSC mediated the associations between adverse work characteristics and
psychological distress in almost all model specifications. Additionally, individual WSC
moderated the associations of psychological distress with high job demands, high effort,
and low interactional justice when we used a high WSC cutoff point. In contrast,
individual WSC did not moderate such interactions with low job control, reward, or
procedural justice. We concluded that individual WSC mediated the associations between
adverse work characteristics and psychological distress among Japanese workers while
selectively moderating their associations at high levels of WSC. 相似文献
7.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the responsiveness of measures adopted in the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire to organizational changes. METHOD: For the employees who had been affected by restructuring of their company due to the economic hardship, two consecutive questionnaire surveys were conducted over a specific period. A total of 544 full-time employees responded to both surveys. Changes in four summary measures from the situation-specific model component and the person-specific component, and items/subscales that constitute the questionnaire were evaluated. RESULTS: The summary measures on psychological deterioration in the total study population. The deterioration was prevalent in those employees who had presumably experienced the effects of stressful organizational changes related to the restructuring, while improvement in the summary measures was observed for those employees who were promoted during the period. On the whole, the measures for the items of the situation-specific component and subscales for the personal component changed in the expected direction. With regard to ERI, potentially stronger effects of multiple organizational changes on employees were indicated. CONCLUSION: Measurements of ERI at work are valid in terms of responsiveness to organizational changes. 相似文献
8.
BACKGROUND: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to determine the effects of web-based supervisor training on worksite mental health on supervisor support and psychological distress among subordinate workers. METHODS: Section chiefs in a computer engineering company were randomly assigned to either a training group (n = 9) or a non-training group (n = 7). The section chiefs in the training group participated in web-based self-learning training on worksite mental health. A total of 92 subordinate workers under the trained section chiefs (the intervention group) and 84 subordinate workers under the untrained section chiefs (the control group) completed a questionnaire at baseline and a 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: The score of supervisor support greatly decreased in the control group during the follow-up period, and the score changed very little in the intervention group, with a significant intervention effect (P = 0.032). This pattern was more pronounced for one particular item dealing with the extent to which a supervisor listens to personal problems of subordinate workers (the intervention effect, P = 0.012). No intervention effect was observed for the score measuring co-worker support, psychological distress, or other job stressors among subordinate workers (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the web-based training of supervisors on worksite mental health is useful in improving, or at least maintaining, supervisor support among subordinate workers. 相似文献
9.
The effects of psychosocial factors on health have drawn growing attention. An important prerequisite for epidemiologic studies is that instruments to measure psychosocial factors be reliable and valid based on psychometric properties. The introduction of occupational stress models has made breakthroughs in conceptualizing real-life complex phenomena in the workplace. This article describes some trials that explore the associations between psychosocial factors and health in the community and workplace. Scales for measuring social support and psychosocial job characteristics were developed, and their validation was pursued. Findings suggest that adverse social relationships and job characteristics measured by these instruments are associated with ill health. To strengthen the validities of the measurements and to provide strong causal evidence between psychosocial factors and health, more prospective studies and interventional approaches are needed. 相似文献
10.
Tsutsumi A Kayaba K Ojima T Ishikawa S Kawakami N;Jichi Medical School Cohort Study Group 《Psychotherapy and psychosomatics》2007,76(3):177-185
BACKGROUND: Although adverse psychosocial job characteristics are suspected predictors of suicide death, prospective studies based on established stress instruments are limited. METHODS: In a multicenter community-based Japanese cohort study, we prospectively investigated the association between psychosocial job characteristics and the risk of death from suicide among male workers. Baseline examination was conducted from 1992 to 1995 to determine the socioeconomic, behavioural and biological variables in addition to the psychosocial job characteristics of 3,125 male workers aged 65 and under and free from major illness. Low job control and high job demands were measured as adverse psychosocial job characteristics according to a job demand-control model questionnaire. Suicide deaths were identified using the Cause-of-Death Register. RESULTS: During the 9-year follow-up, 14 suicides were identified. The suicide death rate was 48.1 per 100,000 person years. Multivariate analysis revealed a more than fourfold increase in the risk of suicide among men with low control at work (relative risk: 4.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-12.83) compared with counterpart men after adjustment for age, marital status, educational attainment, occupation, smoking status, alcohol consumption, total cholesterol level, and study area. Job demands were not associated with risk of death from suicide. CONCLUSIONS: By using a job demand-control model questionnaire, low control at work was revealed as a predictor of suicide death among Japanese male workers. The finding implies that job redesign aimed at increased worker control could be a worthwhile strategy in preventing, or at least reducing, the risk of suicide death. 相似文献