Évaluation de la glycémie des nouveau-nés de petits poids avant la 24 heure de vie au CHU-Tokoin de Lomé

Objective

To assess the glycemia of low-weight newborns (LWNBs) during their first 24 h of life as well as their mother's glycemia.

Patients and method

This was a cross-sectional prospective study within a case-control group, conducted at Lomé University Hospital (nationwide main hospital) from January to May 2006. One hundred thirty-nine LWNBs and 150 eutrophic term newborns (ETNBs), 98 mothers of LWNBs (MLWNBs), and 145 mothers of ETNBs (METNBs) were screened and monitored on glycemia dosage.

Results

The average glycemia level of the LWNBs (0.34 ± 0.27 g/l) was significantly greater than the ETNBs’ glycemia level (0.30 ± 0.14 g/l); it was nearly the same for the mean glycemia level of the MLWNBs (0.82 ± 0.2 g/l) and the METNBs (0.77 ± 0.1 g/l). Neonatal hypoglycemia during the first 24 h of life was less frequent (RR = 0.8) in the LWNBs (61.15%) than in the ETNBs (80%). The positive correlation between gestational age and glycemia was higher in the ETNBs (r = 0.17) than in the LWNBs (r = 0.07). This positive correlation between birthweight and glycemia was lower in the LWNBs (r = 0.17) compared to the ETNBs (r = 0.37); this was not the case within the group of the ETNBs (r = 0.02) compared to the group of the LWNBs (r = 0.34) concerning the correlation between the glycemia of mothers and newborns.

Conclusion

The early hypoglycemia was much greater in the ETNBs compared to the LWNBs. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically start breastfeeding all newborns within their first hours of life whatever their gestational age, in order to solve these metabolic disorders.     

Primary ovarian angiosarcoma in a 12- year -old girl: a case report of an exceptional localization in a context of limited resources country

Background

Ovarian sarcomas represent less than 1% of all ovary cancers and usually are frequent in adults. Primary angiosarcomas are exceptional in the ovaries within children.

Case presentation

We reported a case of primary ovarian angiosarcoma in a 12-year-old girl in a resource-constrained context. Immunohistochemistry study showed the positivity of CD34, CD31, factor VIII, while S100 was negative. The diagnosis of primary non-metastatic angiosarcoma was retained. She was unable to undergo the CWS-2002P chemotherapy since her parents could not afford it.

Conclusion

This case report described a rare type of a primary ovarian angiosarcoma within a child, diagnosed in a low-income country in a laboratory with limited resources.

     

Upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders: how many cases can be prevented? Estimates from the COSALI cohort

Objective:This study aimed to estimate the proportion and number of incident upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSD) cases attributable to occupational risk factors in a working population.Methods:Between 2002−2005, occupational physicians randomly selected 3710 workers, aged 20–59, from the Pays de la Loire (PdL) region. All participants underwent a standardized clinical examination. Between 2007−2010, 1611 workers were re-examined. This study included 1246 workers who were free of six main clinically diagnosed UEMSD at baseline but were diagnosed with at least one of these UEMSD at follow-up [59% of men, mean age: 38 (standard deviation 8.6) years]. Relative risks and population-attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated using Cox multivariable models with equal follow-up time and robust variance. The total number of incident UEMSD in the PdL region was estimated after adjustment of the sample weights using 2007 census data. The estimated number of potentially avoidable UEMSD was calculated by multiplying PAF by the total number of incident UEMSD in PdL.Results:At follow-up, 139 new cases of UEMSD (11% of the study sample) were diagnosed. This represented an estimated 129 320 incident cases in the PdL in 2007. Following adjustment for personal factors, 26 381 (20.4% of all incident UEMSD) were attributable to high physical exertion, 16 682 (12.9%) to low social support, and 8535 (6.6%) to working with arms above shoulder level.Conclusions:A large number and important proportion of incident UEMSD may be preventable by reducing work exposures to physical exertion and working with arms above shoulder level as well as improving social support from co-workers/supervisors.     

Molecular characterization of high-risk humanpapillomavirus genotypes in women with or without cervical lesions at VIA/VILI in Kara,Togo

BackgroundPersistent infection with high-risk (HR) papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes plays a central role in the pathogenesis of invasive cervical cancer.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of HR-HPV among women with or without cervical lesions at VIA/VILI in Togo.MethodsCervical samples were collected from 238 women with or without cervical lesions at VIA / VILI and[c3] DNA [c4]was extracted and analyzed by real-time multiplex PCR. Logistic regression analysis was used to determined risk factors associated with HPV infection.inPietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA / LABIOGENE) in Burkina Faso.ResultsThe age of the women ranged from 17 to 61 years old, and most were married (73.5%). The prevalence of HRHPV was 35.71% and this was higher in the age range 35–39 years. The six most common genotypes were HPV 31 (18.7%), HPV 52 (13.82%), HPV 68 (13.01%), HPV 66 (9.76%), HPV 58 (8.13%) and HPV 56 (8.13%). Genotypes HPV 18 (4.07%) and HPV 16 (0.81%) were less frequent.[c5] Married or living with a partner was associated with HPV infection (OR=2,17, IC [1.20–3.91], p<0,009).ConclusionThis study allowed characterizing for the first time in Togo, HR-HPV genotypes. This will help mapping-HR-HPV genotypes circulating in West Africa.