关于医用B超基本工作原理及故障维修措施的研究

经济社会的快速发展,提升了人们的生活水平人们对医疗事业的发展提出了更高的要求,我国也加大了对医疗事业的建设与发展。尤其是所使用的相关设备与仪器。其中,医用B超就是最主要的医疗设备,能够通过设备的检查,对人体的身体情况以数据的形式展现,直接能够了解到人体的健康情况,提升医疗事业的技术水平,同时,也为医疗工作这提供了方便快捷的工作方式。但是,医用B超设备在使用的过程中,会受到一些因素的影响,使其发生故障,会对各项工作造成不同程度的影响。因此,需要对其加强管理,能够及时地发现故障问题,采取科学的措施解决,确保医疗事业的稳定发展。     

Transplantation of an eight-organ multivisceraI graft in a patient with frozen abdomen after complicated Crohn's disease

To report an extended multivisceral transplantation (MVTx) including right kidney and ascending colon in a patient with complicated Crohn's disease (CD). A 36-year old female suffering from short bowel syndrome and frozen abdomen due to fistulizing CD after multiple abdominal operations underwent MVTx of eight organs including stomach, pancreatoduodenal complex, liver, intestine, ascending colon, right kidney, right adrenal gland, and greater omentum in November 2003. Immunosuppression consisted of alemtuzumab, tacrolimus and steroids. The patient was off parenteral nutrition by postoperative wk 3. She experienced one episode of pneumonia. The patient recovered completely and discharged 2.5 mo and was doing well 30 mo after MVTx. This is one of the very rare cases in which a complete mulitivisceral graft of eight abdominal organs was transplanted orthotopically.     

前列腺癌根治术后性功能障碍：发生率、治疗、治疗局限性和苦恼

前列腺癌是北美地区男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，每年有215000新发病例，有35800例前列腺痛相关死亡。对于局限的前列腺癌，最常朋的治疗方法是前列腺癌根治术，10年生存率接近90％。研究表明，前列腺癌根治术后有44％-75％的患者有性功能障碍，〉60％的患者对此问题感到苦恼。作者检索了1966—2004年9月MEDLINE文献，对前列腺癌根治术后性功能障碍进行了综述。作者发现，尽管有效，但仍有30％-50％在前列腺癌根治术后寻求性功能辅助治疗的患者在1年内中断了治疗。说明尽管需要性功能辅助治疗，但对于长期的性功能适应仍然不够。     

Differential Effects of Anesthetics on Mitochondrial KATP Channel Activity and Cardiomyocyte Protection

Background: Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels play a pivotal role in mediating cardiac preconditioning. The effects of intravenous anesthetics on this protective channel have not been investigated so far, but would be of importance with respect to experimental as well as clinical medicine.

Methods: Live cell microscopy was used to visualize and measure autofluorescence of flavoproteins, a direct reporter of mitoKATP channel activity, in response to the direct and highly selective mitoKATP channel opener diazoxide, or to diazoxide following exposure to various anesthetics commonly used in experimental and clinical medicine. A cellular model of ischemia with subsequent hypoosmolar trypan blue staining served to substantiate the effects of the anesthetics on mitoKATP channels with respect to myocyte viability.

Results: Diazoxide-induced mitoKATP channel opening was significantly inhibited by the anesthetics R-ketamine, and the barbiturates thiopental and pentobarbital. Conversely, urethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol (main metabolite of [alpha]-chloralose and chloral hydrate), and the opioid fentanyl potentiated the channel-opening effect of diazoxide, which was abrogated by coadministration of chelerythrine, a specific protein kinase C inhibitor. S-ketamine, propofol, xylazine, midazolam, and etomidate did not affect mitoKATP channel activity. The significance of these modulatory effects of the anesthetics on mitoKATP channel activity was substantiated in a cellular model of simulated ischemia, where diazoxide-induced cell protection was mitigated by R-ketamine and the barbiturates, while urethane, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol, and fentanyl potentiated myocyte protection.     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞Ⅱ型胶原表达的实验研究

目的探讨兔骨髓间充质干细胞表达Ⅱ型胶原的实验研究方法。方法利用β1转化生长因子腺病毒表达载体（Ad—TGFβ1）转染兔骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs），观察转染后的Ⅱ型胶原表达。结果细胞转染后Ⅱ型胶原在免疫印记和免疫组化检测下均呈强阳性表达。结论Ad—TGFβI转染兔骨髓MSCs可使其细胞内Ⅱ型胶原表达阳性。     

耳再造术后Medpor支架外露的治疗

Medpor是一种多孔径高密度聚乙烯生物材料 ,由于置入后周围组织能够快速长入其中 ,生物相容性良好 ,近来作为耳廓软骨的替代物在耳廓再造中得到大量应用 ,但时有支架暴露的并发症发生 ,尤其当支架表面覆盖较薄或有瘢痕的软组织时[1 ] 。Tadeusz[2 ] 采用颞浅筋膜包裹支架加移植皮片的方法 ,增加了支架表面覆盖组织的厚度 ,在一定程度上减少了支架暴露的发生 ,但由于Medpor支架质地较硬不耐摩擦 ,远期随访暴露率仍然很高。 1999～ 2 0 0 2年 ,我们应用以耳后动脉为血供来源的乳突筋膜—枕后筋膜瓣和以枕动脉浅支为蒂的枕筋膜瓣 ,包裹外露支…