唑吡坦治疗老年原发性失眠的开放性前瞻性多中心自身对照研究

目的 评价唑吡坦5 mg每日1次治疗老年原发性失眠的疗效和安全性.方法 采用开放性、前瞻性、固定剂量、多中心、自身对照的研究方法.115例符合美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版原发性失眠诊断标准的老年门诊患者每日1次服用固定剂量唑吡坦5 mg,疗程3周.以治疗第1周末匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分(PSQI)相对于基线的差值作为研究的主要疗效评价指标,次要疗效指标包括:治疗第3周末PSQI评分相对于基线的差值,治疗第1周末和第3周末主观睡眠有效参数评分(睡眠潜伏期、总的睡眠时间、睡眠质量)相对于基线的差值,治疗第3周末17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评分和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分相对于基线的差值.结果 治疗第1周末,PSQI量表总分较基线下降2.8分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);治疗第3周末,PSQI评分较基线下降3.2分,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);治疗第1周末和第3周末主观睡眠有效参数均有明显改善:睡眠潜伏期缩短(P＜0.01),睡眠时间延长(P＜0.01),日间功能提高(P＜0.01);治疗第3周末,患者的HAMD-17和HAMA评分较基线均有降低(P＜0.01);不良事件的发生率为19.1%,主要为头晕、头痛、困倦、恶心、乏力等,程度为轻、中度.结论 每日1次服用固定剂量唑吡坦5 mg治疗老年原发性失眠安全有效.     

唑吡坦治疗老年原发性失眠的开放性前瞻性多中心自身对照研究

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of zolpidem in treatment of primary insomnia in elderly patients.Methods An open, perspective, fixed-dose, multicentre and selfcontrolled clinical trial was conducted.Total of 115 elderly patients who met with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for primary insomnia were administered 3 week nightly treatment with zolpidem 5 mg.The primary efficacy measurement was the change of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) score after 1 week treatment in comparison with the baseline.The secondary efficacy measurement included the changes from baseline in total score of the PSQI, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and self-reported sleeping parameters ( latency of falling asleep, total sleeping time and sleeping quality) after 3 week treatment.Results The mean reduction score 17 items of PSQI were 2.8 after 1 week treatment and 3.2 at the end of 3 week ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The selfreported sleeping parameters were much improved from the baseline (P ＜0.01 ).The total scores of HAMD and HAMA were reduced significantly ( P ＜ 0.01 ) after 3 week treatment.The overall incidence of adverse events was 19.1%, with the frequent adverse events of dizziness, headache, sleepiness, nausea and fatigue, and the severity was mild or moderate.Conclusion It is effective and safe of zolpidem 5 mg nightly in treatment of elderly insomnia patients.     

注射用长效利培酮微球治疗40例精神分裂症疗效与安全性研究

目的:探讨长效利培酮微球治疗40例精神分裂症8～20周临床疗效与安全性.方法:40例精神分裂症患者随机入组.40例患者使用长效利培酮微球首次剂量均为每2周25 mg,随后根据病情变化增加,最大剂量每2周50 mg.采用阳性和阴性精神症状评定量表(PANSS)、临床总体印象量表(CGI)评定患者精神症状与疗效变化;副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应.采用自身对照法,在治疗前与治疗后的4,8,12,16,20周分别评定疗效与不良反应.结果:治疗后第4周PANSS减分率为39.5%;第8周为58%;第12～16周为75.5%;第20周为86.1%.PANSS总分在治疗后4,8,12,16,20周的降低与基线比较其差异均有非常显著性(P<0.01).CGI-S评分在治疗后4,8,12,16,20周各个阶段的降低与基线比较其差异均有非常显著性(P<0.01).30例患者在治疗前后检测血常规、血生化无异常变化,在单用长效利培酮微球的患者中未见显著的EPS与胆碱能样反应.结论:长效利培酮微球治疗4周末(即第3针)即可起效,3～4周可渐减口服药物剂量.长效利培酮微球具有疗效确切、安全性高的特点.     

便塞停在结肠镜检前的应用

清洁肠道是结肠镜检查和肠道手术前的重要准备工作 ,肠道清洁的程度如何对结肠镜检查及手术的成功率有直接的影响。既往常用的方法如口服电解质溶液法等因需大量饮水 ,使许多年老体弱或有心、肾疾病的患者难以接受 ,而甘露醇法在内镜下电灼时易引起肠内爆炸。我们采用口服便塞停片合并电解质溶液用于结肠镜前的肠道准备 ,对照单用口服电解质溶液法 ,收到较为满意的效果。1　观察对象和方法1 1　观察对象。 2 0 0 0年 8月～ 2 0 0 1年 1月进行结肠镜检查的患者 2 0 0例 ,其中男性 91例 ,女性10 9例 ,年龄 15～ 81岁 ,平均年龄 (5 0 .3± 4 .7…     

12例瘀胆型肝炎的临床与护理

瘀胆型肝炎是病毒性肝炎以肝内瘀胆为主要表现的一个特殊类型[1 ] ,约占病毒性肝炎的 2 %～ 3 8% [2 ] ,它具有病程长 ,里热盛 ,血瘀重和目黄、肤黄、小便黄的黄疸特征[3] 。近两年来 ,我们运用中药活血清胆法治疗慢性瘀胆型肝炎 12例 ,收到较好效果。我们认为护理工作在活血清胆法治疗慢性瘀胆型肝炎中对治疗效果有极其重要的作用 ,现报告如下。临床资料1　病例选择　本组病例均曾在我院经血清学明确诊断的慢性病毒性肝炎患者。临床上有不同程度的肝区不适 ,食欲减退 ,皮肤及 /或巩膜发黄不退 ,皮肤瘙痒 ,小便色黄 ,大理色泽变白 ,舌质暗红…     

126例慢性重症肝炎患者医院感染分析

凡入院时无显性或潜在感染 ,入院 4 8小时以后发生的感染称为医院内感染。医院内感染是一个全球性医院人群的重要健康问题 ,正日益受到关注。慢性重症病毒性肝炎 (慢重肝 )的医院感染状况较少报道。本文就收治的12 6例慢重肝病人的医院内感染情况作回顾性调查分析 ,并探讨防治对策。材料与方法1　一般资料　 1999年 1～ 12月共收治慢重肝患者 12 6例。其中男 10 5例 ,女 2 1例。平均年龄 4 8岁 (5个月～ 78岁 ) ,其中 5个月婴儿 1例 ,2 0～ 6 0岁 114例 ,6 0岁以上11例。2　诊断标准　慢重肝诊断参照 1990年上海全国第六次病毒性肝炎会议诊…     

唑吡坦治疗老年原发性失眠的开放性前瞻性多中心自身对照研究

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of zolpidem in treatment of primary insomnia in elderly patients.Methods An open, perspective, fixed-dose, multicentre and selfcontrolled clinical trial was conducted.Total of 115 elderly patients who met with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for primary insomnia were administered 3 week nightly treatment with zolpidem 5 mg.The primary efficacy measurement was the change of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) score after 1 week treatment in comparison with the baseline.The secondary efficacy measurement included the changes from baseline in total score of the PSQI, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and self-reported sleeping parameters ( latency of falling asleep, total sleeping time and sleeping quality) after 3 week treatment.Results The mean reduction score 17 items of PSQI were 2.8 after 1 week treatment and 3.2 at the end of 3 week ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The selfreported sleeping parameters were much improved from the baseline (P ＜0.01 ).The total scores of HAMD and HAMA were reduced significantly ( P ＜ 0.01 ) after 3 week treatment.The overall incidence of adverse events was 19.1%, with the frequent adverse events of dizziness, headache, sleepiness, nausea and fatigue, and the severity was mild or moderate.Conclusion It is effective and safe of zolpidem 5 mg nightly in treatment of elderly insomnia patients.     

对45名华东地区高等护理自学考试参加者的调查与分析

我们对１９９２年１０月至１９９４年１０月４５名参加华东地区高等护理自学考试人员的学习情况进行了调查和分析。现将结果报告如下。１资料与方法本次调查对象为首批参加自学考试１１门课程的４５人，采取无记名问卷法，在辅导班上课前下发，当即收回，问卷回收率１００...