Box-Behnken响应面法结合基准关联度和AHP-EWM优化经典名方易黄汤的提取工艺

基于质量源于设计(quality by design, QbD)理念,应用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法结合基准关联度(standard relation, SR)和层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)-熵权法(entropy weight method, EWM),对经典名方易黄汤(Yihuang Decoction)的提取工艺进行优化。以易黄汤中指标性成分京尼平苷酸、盐酸黄柏碱、盐酸小檗碱的含量及出膏率和指纹图谱相似度作为提取工艺的关键质量属性(critical quality attributes, CQAs);以提取时间、加水量、提取次数作为关键工艺参数(critical process parameters, CPPs)。采用单因素试验确定各因素水平后,按Box-Behnken原理设计响应面试验,对试验结果进行分析,计算不同提取参数的各种评价指标下各样品与基准样品的基准关联度,采用AHP-EWM确定5项评价指标的权重系数后进行综合评分,建立CPPs与综合评分表征的CQAs之间的函数模型,预测优选最佳提取工艺参数。在最终确定的综合权...     

补骨壮脊汤，除腰颈酸痛

上班族已成为亚健康群体中的主力部队。久坐、少动、低头,肢体缺乏伸展,腰酸营痛。在所难免。现在就来好好爱惜自己!保护脊椎,就从炖一盅补骨壮脊汤开始。     

谁说冬天才能吃鹿茸

茸——以阳之名 鹿茸是最著名的补阳药,有壮元阳、补气血、益精髓、强筋骨的功效。提起鹿茸,稍稍懂中药的人都会有热血翻涌之感,仿佛鹿茸的温燥之性扑面而来,耳垂欲热、面颊欲红、鼻血欲下——壮肾阳,是鹿茸最醒目的标签。     

腰颈痛，炖一盅补骨壮脊汤

上班族已成为亚健康群体中的主力部队,久坐、少．动、低头,肢体缺乏伸展;“空调病”“熬夜病”,躲也躲不开。老一辈的观念是,年轻人身体强壮,用不着补。但现在,家中老人也把“年轻人身体怎么那么弱”挂在嘴边,开始关心上班儿女的各种健康问题。     

经典名方半夏泻心汤水煎液的HPLC指纹图谱及黄芩、黄连量值传递研究

目的建立半夏泻心汤水煎液的HPLC指纹图谱,研究处方中黄芩、黄连药材-饮片-全方水煎液的量值传递关系。方法以《伤寒论》中记载的煎煮方法制备半夏泻心汤水煎液,建立半夏泻心汤HPLC指纹图谱,对特征峰进行归属;以转移率、出膏率、指纹图谱的相似度为指标,对处方中黄芩、黄连药材-饮片-全方水煎液的量值传递关系进行分析。结果黄芩中指标性成分黄芩苷从药材到饮片的转移率为81.08%～119.82%;饮片到全方水煎液的黄芩苷的转移率为44.55%～59.05%,黄连中指标性成分小檗碱从药材到饮片的转移为66.65%～97.51%;饮片到全方水煎液的小檗碱的转移率为7.83%～22.93%;全方的出膏率为12.99%～17.21%;15批全方指纹图谱的相似度为0.978～0.999。结论该指纹图谱所建立的质量评价方法适用于黄芩、黄连药材-饮片-全方水煎液质量控制,可为经典名方等质量评价办法的制定提出一定的参考。     

参附注射液对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注时PTEN和P13 K表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenfu injectio (SFI) on the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in diabetic rats.Methods Thirty adult male diabetic SD rats weighing 220-280 g were used in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin 60 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose > 16.7 mmol/L. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II IR and group Ⅲ SFI. Myocardial IR was produced by occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion in group IR and SFI. LAD was exposed but not occluded in group S.SFI was infused iv at 10 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 before opening the thoracic cavity and at 3ml·kg-1·h-1 after opening the thoracic cavity in group SFI until the end of operation. Equal volume of Lactated Ringer's solution and hydroxyethyl starch was infused instead of SFI in group S and IR. The rats were killed and hearts removed at 120 min of reperfusion for microscopic examination and determination of cardiomyocyte apoptosis (by TUNEL)and expression of PTEN and PDK (by immunohistochemical method). PTEN/PI3K ratio, myocardial infarct size of left ventricle and apoptosis index were calculated.Correlation between apoptosis index and PTEN/PI3K ratio was analyzed. Results Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly increased, while expression of PTEN and PI3K was up-regulated in group IR and SFI as compared with group S ( P < 0.05 or 0.01) . PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group S (P< 0.05). Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis index were significantly decreased, PTEN expression was down-regulated, PI3K expression was up-regulated and PTEN/PI3K ratio was significantly decreased in group SFI as compared with group IR( P < 0.05) . Myocardial pathological damage was attenuated in group SFI as compared with group IR. Apoptosis index was positively correlated to PTEN/PI3K ratio (r =0.452,P <0.05) .Conclusion SFI can attenuate myocardial IR injury via down-regulating the expression of PTEN,up-regulating the expression of PBK and activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway in diabetic rats.     

8招浇灭怒火

一、语速降低2/3，音量降低2／3 人们在发火时，主要表现就是声调变高，语速加快。下次，即便你怒火中烧。也一定要求自己用缓慢的语调说话，声音大小使对方能听到即可。     

参附注射液对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血／再灌注损期间PTEN表达的影响

目的 观察参附注射液(SFI)对心肌缺血/再灌注期间糖尿病大鼠PTEN表达的影响,探讨其对糖尿病心肌缺血/再灌注损伤保护作用分子机制.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠,腹腔注射链尿佐菌素60 mg/kg制备糖尿病模型.造模成功的30只大鼠再喂养8周,随机分为三组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、缺血/再灌注组(I/R组)、SFI防治组(SFI组).S组只穿线包绕冠状动脉左前降支,I/R组结扎冠状动脉左前降支30 min后松开制备心肌缺血/再灌注模型,SFI组开胸前持续泵注SFI 10 mL·kg-1·h-1,开胸后以3 mL·kg-1·h-1持续输注至手术结束,S组和I/R组开胸前持续泵注晶胶液(晶胶比为3∶ 1)10 mL·kg-1·h-1,开胸后以3 mL·kg-1·h-1持续输注至手术结束.再灌注120 min时处死大鼠计算左心室心肌梗死面积、检测心肌凋亡百分比和PTEN表达,并观察心肌组织病理变化.结果 与S组比较,I/R组、SFI组心肌梗死面积,心肌细胞凋亡百分比均增加,PTEN表达增强(P＜0.05或0.01);与I/R组比较,SFI组心肌梗死面积,心肌细胞凋亡百分比和PTEN表达均降低(P＜0.05或0.01).SFI组心肌组织病理损伤程度明显轻于I/R组.结论 SFI能减轻糖尿病心肌缺血/再灌注损伤,其机制与其抑制心肌细胞PTEN的表达、减少心肌细胞凋亡有关.     

48例高原心脏病多脏器损害临床分析

高原心脏病为高原地区常见的心血管疾病之一 ,除本身可引起心力衰竭外 ,常可累及脑、肝、肾、胃等重要脏器 ,导致其损害及功能衰竭。此种多脏器功能衰竭 ,预后差 ,死亡率高。本文对 1 990年 2月至 2 0 0 1年 2月住院的 1 4 6例高原心脏病患者中发生多脏器损害的 48例患者的临床资料进行整理并分析 ,以探讨其临床特点及防治措施。临　床　资　料1　一般资料　 1 4 6例高原心脏病患者中并发多脏器损害的患者 48例 ,其中男 3 4例 ,女 1 4例 ;年龄≤ 49岁者 8例 (1 6.67% ) ;50岁～ 59岁 2 9例 (60 .42 % ) ;60岁以上 1 1例 (2 2 .91 % )。病程…