用Xecl准分子激光治疗特应性皮炎

背景:窄波UVB光疗是一种治疗特应性皮炎有效、安全的方法。作者先前已发现308nm Xecl准分子激光治疗银屑病比窄波UVB更有效,表明中波紫外线激光治疗银屑病可能优于窄波UVB。目的:本研究旨在评估308nm准分子激光治疗特应性皮炎的疗效。患者和方法:15例特应性皮炎患者(皮损面积<2     

中欧地区COL7A1基因高发的第425位碱基A→G剪接位点突变和新发现的突变:对未来进行营养不良性大疱性表皮松解症突变检测的意义

背景:V II胶原(COL7A1)基因突变是引起显性和隐性营养不良性大疱性表皮松解症(DEB)的主要原因。对各个不同家族这些突变通常是特异的,仅有少数病例被鉴定是同一的突变引起。目的:对43例不同D EB表型的无亲缘关系的匈牙利和德国患者进行筛查,观察其是否存在新的CO L7A1突变或是为重复突变所致。方法:所有患者根据临床和遗传学检查,皮肤免疫荧光抗原图和电镜检查进行分类。用CO L7A1特异性引物采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术扩增基因组DN A,杂交双链分析和直接核甘酸测序对突变进行分析。限制性核酸内切酶消化法用于家族的筛选和突变的…     

一例氨水烧伤致急性短暂性精神病的护理

短暂性精神病性障碍起病急骤，有片断或多种幻觉妄想。其幻觉、妄想内容紊乱，变化莫测，可伴有情绪焦虑或易急惹、言语及行为紊乱等症状。我院于2002年11月收治了1例以幻觉、妄想、行为紊乱为主要症状的急性短暂性精神障碍病人，经11天治疗护理后，幻觉、妄想消失，行为正常，痊愈出院。     

肘关节脱位与肱骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To describe dislocation of the elbow with articular fracture of the distal humerus,a type of elbow fracture-dislocation about which little has been written.Methods Four patients with a dislocation of the elbow and fracture of the distal humerus were identified.Three had dislocation and complex intraarticular fracture of the capitellum,trochlea,and lateral epicondyle.Results Two patients(one treated with a second operation to address avascular necrosis of the capitellum)achieved a functional arc of elbow motion and one patient was lost after removal of the implants 3 months after fracture with documented healing.The fourth patient had a complex open fracture dislocation involving the entire articular surface.An attempt to salvage the articular surface resulted in deep infection.Extensive heterotopic bone led to arthrodesis of the elbow.Conclusions Dislocations of the elbow with articular fracture of the humerus are uncommon.Most injuries involve the capitellum,lateral trochlea,and lateral epicondyle.Open reduction and internal fixation of the distal humerus fracture can restore stability without repairing the medial collateral ligament.     

提高腹水瘤单克隆抗体产率的方法

以小鼠致敏的脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞融合而获得的杂交瘤细胞株,在组织相容的小鼠体内可迅速生长而形成腹水瘤,并可分泌特异性单克隆抗体(McAb)。一只荷瘤小鼠可产生10～20mgMcAb,其代价仅相当于从培养上清液中分离等量单克隆抗体的一小部份。这类杂交瘤大多数来源于BALB/c系小鼠的骨髓瘤细胞及脾细胞。作者报道用BALB/c系小鼠与一种远交系小鼠杂交,繁育出体形大而价格便宜的杂交一代(F_1),用以产生腹水瘤,并制备特异性单克隆抗体。用60日龄雄性BALB/c系小鼠与同龄的封闭群SW/HPB系雌性鼠同居10天。该BALB/c系雄鼠可再与另外的SW/HPB系雄鼠交配。幼鼠21日龄断奶。定期测定BALB/c系和(BALB/c×SW/HPB)F_1小鼠的体重增长。对两种性别的F_1小鼠所产生的腹     

Effects of Preemptive Analgesia on Pain and Cytokine Production in the Postoperative Period

Background: The postoperative period is associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, which are known to augment pain sensitivity, among other effects. In a previous study, the authors found that patients treated with patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) exhibited attenuated proinflammatory cytokine response in the postoperative period. In the present study, the authors examined whether preemptive analgesia continued with PCEA may further attenuate the proinflammatory cytokine response and reduce pain sensitivity in the postoperative period. They compared cytokine production in two groups of patients, one receiving PCEA, the other receiving preemptive epidural analgesia continued by PCEA.

Methods: Female patients hospitalized for transabdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of two pain management techniques: PCEA or preemptive epidural analgesia followed by PCEA (PA + PCEA). Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog scale. Blood samples were collected before, 24, 48, and 72 h following surgery. Production of the following cytokines was assessed ex vivo in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells: interleukin (IL)-1[beta], tumor necrosis factor [alpha], IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-10, and IL-2.

Results: Patients of the PA + PCEA group exhibited lower pain scores throughout the 72 h postoperatively, compared with patients of the PCEA group. In patients of the PA + PCEA group in the postoperative period, production of IL-1[beta], IL-6, IL-1ra, and IL-10 was significantly less elevated, while IL-2 production was significantly less suppressed.     

Beneficial Effects of Short-term Vasopressin Infusion during Severe Septic Shock

Background: Septic shock is associated with vasopressin deficiency and a hypersensitivity to its exogenous administration. The goal of the current study was to determine whether short-term vasopressin infusion in patients experiencing severe septic shock has a vasopressor sparing effect while maintaining hemodynamic stability and adequate end-organ perfusion.

Methods: Patients experiencing septic shock that required high-dose vasopressor support were randomized to a double-blinded 4-h infusion of either norepinephrine (n = 11) or vasopressin (n = 13), and open-label vasopressors were titrated to maintain blood pressure. To assess end-organ perfusion, urine output and creatinine clearance, gastric mucosal carbon dioxide tension, and electrocardiogram ST segment position were measured.

Results: Patients randomized to norepinephrine went from a median prestudy norepinephrine infusion of 20.0 [mu]g/min to a blinded infusion of 17.0 [mu]g/min at 4 h, whereas those randomized to vasopressin went from a median prestudy norepinephrine infusion of 25.0 [mu]g/min to 5.3 [mu]g/min at 4 h (P < 0.001). Mean arterial pressure and cardiac index were maintained in both groups. Urine output did not change in the norepinephrine group (median, 25 to 15 ml/h) but increased substantially in the vasopressin group (median, 32.5 to 65 ml/h;P < 0.05). Similarly, creatinine clearance did not change in the norepinephrine group but increased by 75% in the vasopressin group (P < 0.05). Gastric mucosal carbon dioxide tension and electrocardiogram ST segments did not change significantly in either group.     

The Drosophila Mutant tetanic Interacts with a Gene Complex Including the Structural Locus of K+ Channels and Shows Altered Dephosphorylation and Learning

The tetanic (tta; X.-52.6) mutation has been isolated on the basis of its sensitivity to extradoses of the normal Shaker gene complex (ShC) where the K+ channel la is encoded. The mutant shows up to threefold elevation of the membrane bound protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) activity in body extracts, probably due to reduced levels of the PP1 specific inhibitor 2 (I-2). By contrast, PP1 activity in the head is only half of the normal value. In addition, tta fails to perform normally in a negative reinforcement olfactory paradigm. The functional relationships between phosphorylation, K+ currents, phosphatase activity and modulation of synaptic activity during learning and memory are discussed in the light of their possible genetic links.     

Recombination does not generate pinworm susceptibility during experimental crosses between two mouse subspecies

The susceptibility to Aspiculuris tetraptera of European Mus musculus hybrids is thought to reflect the disruption of genomic co-adaptation through recombination of the parental genomes. Here, we compared the susceptibility to this parasite between parents and experimental hybrids (intersubspecific until F4, intrasubspecific F1, F2) to clarify the contributions of heterosis and subspecies incompatibility. F1 showed hybrid vigor. Unlike intrasubspecific F2, intersubspecific F2 were less resistant than F1, but revealed no increased susceptibility relative to the parents. Intersubspecific F3 and F4 showed the same hybrid vigor as F1. Heterosis contributed most to the resistance, but the differences between intra- and intersubspecific F2 suggested genomic incompatibilities between subspecies. However, the susceptibility did not increase through the recombination process, showing that disruption of co-adaptation does not directly affect resistance. Even if previous studies still support the selective role of parasites in the current hybrid zone, an alternative hypothesis on the origin of hybrid susceptibility is warranted.     

Possible effect of gender and season on the length of hospitalisation in unipolar major depressives

BACKGROUND: Seasonal variation as well as gender differences of several phenomena of affective disorders are a common topic of interest. METHODS: The authors analysed the possible effect of season and gender on the length of hospital stay in 529 in-patients with unipolar major depressive episode. RESULTS: Age and menopausal status alone did not influence the length of hospitalisation but there was a statistical tendency (only for females) for the shortest hospital stay in summer, that reached significance in females younger than 50 years. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a possible seasonal and gender effect on recovery from major depression. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective nature of the study, lack of systematic assessment of clinical response and no data collection about marital status and living conditions, that also can influence the time of discharge.