过敏性哮喘中医证候模型研究进展及评价

本文通过查阅近年来国内外过敏性哮喘中医证候模型相关研究文献,对阴虚证、气虚证、寒证、热证哮喘中医模型造模方法及评价标准进行归纳,认为中医理论指导下的动物证候模型基本符合中医辨治特点,可为研究与应用提供参考。但其致病因素、病因病机与发病转归等与临床实际仍存在差异,需进一步探索。     

围绝经期女性多焦虑 积极化解要得法

更年期是女人上年纪后要迈过的一个"坎"。由于体内激素水平变化,女性除了会出现一系列躯体上的改变,还可能遇到一些精神心理问题。睡眠质量不佳、日常生活压力大、对身体形象看法越来越负面,以及对丧失生育能力的恐惧,等,都会让更年期女性产生焦虑感。多项研究表明,围绝经期女性中出现焦虑症状的约有1/4。激素替代疗法及抗抑郁药物有助缓解焦虑症,不到万不得已女性不必使用上述两种疗法。以下几种自然疗法也有助于缓解更年期焦虑。     

脂肪抽吸联合腹壁成形术改善腹部形态临床应用

目的探讨脂肪抽吸与腹壁成形术联合进行腹壁体形重塑的临床疗效,总结手术成功与减少并发症的经验。方法对18例腹部脂肪堆积伴腹壁皮肤松弛的患者采用肿胀麻醉,负压吸引器行腹壁脂肪抽吸;做耻骨联合上W形切口,折叠缝合腹直肌前鞘,切除多余皮瓣后分层缝合腹壁。结果所有切口均Ⅰ期愈合,随访4~24个月,腹部平坦,切口瘢痕不明显,腹围平均缩小15 cm,外形满意。结论根据患者腹部皮肤、皮下脂肪、腹壁肌肉等多方面的情况,有针对性的采用脂肪抽吸与腹壁整形相结合的腹壁体形重塑术,能够获得满意的效果,手术方法安全可靠。     

子宫输卵管造影术治疗不孕不育的疗效分析

目的:探讨子宫输卵管造影术治疗不孕不育的疗效。方法:将80例不孕症患者分成观察组与对照组,观察组行子宫输卵管造影术,对照组行常规通液术。比较两组的临床。结果:观察组通畅率为75%,对照组通畅率为32.5%,观察组通畅率要明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组妊娠率为36.67%,对照组妊娠率为16.67%,观察组妊娠率要明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:子宫输卵管造影术治疗不孕不育患者相比于常规通液方法,疗效更好,具有较好诊断价值,值得临床推广。     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.     

积极心理干预对脑卒中偏瘫患者希望及创伤后成长的影响

目的:探讨积极心理干预对脑卒中偏瘫患者希望及创伤后成长的影响。方法:将60例脑卒中偏瘫患者根据随机数字表法分为对照组和干预组各30例,对照组给予常规健康教育,干预组在对照组基础上给予积极心理干预;比较两组干预前后希望水平[采用Herth希望量表(HHI)]、创伤后成长水平[采用创伤后成长评定量表(PTGI)]及心理状态[采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]。结果:干预后,两组HHI、PTGI评分均高于干预前(P0.05),且干预组高于对照组(P0.05);干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分低于干预前(P0.05),且干预组低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:积极心理干预可有效提高脑卒中偏瘫患者希望和创伤后成长水平,从而缓解负性情绪。     

Angiotensin-(1–7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by enhancing autophagic activity in Parkinson's disease

Abnormal accumulation ofα-synuclein contributes to the formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra,which is considered the typical pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease.Recent research indicates that angiotensin-(1-7)plays a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson's disease,but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we used intraperitoneal administration of rotenone to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks to establish a Parkinson's disease model.We investigated whether angiotensin-(1-7)is neuroprotective in this model by continuous administration of angiotensin-(1-7)into the right substantia nigra for 4 weeks.We found that angiotensin-(1-7)infusion relieved characteristic parkinsonian behaviors and reducedα-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra.Primary dopaminergic neurons were extracted from newborn Sprague-Dawley rat substantia nigras and treated with rotenone,angiotensin-(1-7),and/or the Mas receptor blocker A-779 for 24 hours.After binding to the Mas receptor,angiotensin-(1-7)attenuated apoptosis andα-synuclein aggregation in rotenone-treated cells.Primary dopaminergic neurons were also treated with angiotensin-(1-7)and/or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours.Angiotensin-(1-7)increasedα-synuclein removal and increased the autophagy of rotenone-treated cells.We conclude that angiotensin-(1-7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by alleviating autophagy dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and angiotensin-(1-7)has potential therapeutic value for Parkinson's disease.All experiments were approved by the Biological Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital(approval No.DWSY-2000932)in January 2020.     

Evaluation of corticospinal tract injury with three-dimensional diffusion tensor tract in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Three-dimensional diffusion tensor tract (DTT) is the newest imaging to describe the structure of white matter fiber in three-dimensions, it has great significance in dividing the concrete anatomic site of gray and white matter lesions, displaying the correlation with fibrous band and judging clinical prognosis, which is incomparable by other imagings.OBJECTTVE: To observe the conditions of corticospinal tract (CST) in acute cerebral ischemic stroke patients,and analyze the relationship between motor function and the severity of CST injury.DESIGN: A case-control observation.SETTTNG: Department of Medical Imaging, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTTCTPANTS: Fifteen patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected from Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from February to December in 2005. They all suffered from acute attack and motor disorder of hemiplegic limbs to different extent, and were conformed by CT or MRI.There were 9 males and 6 females, aging 16-87 years old, the median age was 51.7 years, and all were right handed. Fifteen right-handed normal subjects, who were matched by age and sex with the patients in the cerebral infarction group, were selected from the relatives of patients and physicians of the Imaging Department as the control group. All the subjects were informed and agreed with the study.METHODS: The patients with acute cerebral infarction and subjects in the control group received MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with GE 1.5 T nuclear magnetic resonance system, fiber tracking with the software of dTV- Ⅱ. Fractional anisotropy (FA) maps and three-dimensional tractography of bilateral CST of all patients were created. Displacement, continuity and destroy of fibrous bands were observed. At the same time, muscle strength of ipsilateral hand of patients with cerebral infarction was measured with Brunnstrom standard. The correlation between the severity of CST injury and the muscle strength of ipsilateral hand was analyzed with spearman correlation analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① FA values in the infarcted sites and those in the contralateral corresponding sites of patients with cerebral infarction; ② CST manifestations in the patients with cerebral infarction and the control group.RESULTS: All the 30 testees were involved in the analysis of results. ① The FA values in infarcted sites of white matter were significantly lower than those in the contralateral ones (t =4.570, P ＜ 0.001 ). ② In the control group, bilateral CST were reconstructed, they originated from precentral gyrus, went downwards to internal capsule, and extended to pontine and medulla oblongata, each fiber had good uniformity in continuous form. In the patients with cerebral infarction, the forms of contralateral CST were consistent with those in the control group with good continuity. Due to the involvement by the infarcted site to different extents, the ipsilateral CST manifested as continuous interruption and loss of uniformity in anatomic structure and form. The CST involvements were divided into three grades: integrated CST for grade I (n =2); integrated CST but compressed or displaced for grade 2 (n =5); interrupted CST for grade 3 (n =8). ③ The severity of CST injury was obviously correlated with the muscle strength of the ipsilateral hand (r=0.888, P＜ 0.05＝.CONCLUSION: ① CST is injured to different extents in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and the severity of injury is associated with muscle strength. It is indicated that it can be used to judge the prognosis of rehabilitative treatment. ②DTT can directly display the status of pyramidal tract more three-dimensionally.