武汉市铁路职工幽门螺杆菌感染调查研究

目的了解武汉市铁路职工幽门螺杆菌感染现状,分析幽门螺杆菌感染流行病学特点,为预防提供依据。方法选取2017年5—10月在武汉科技大学附属天佑医院体检中心进行尿素[14C]呼气试验检测的铁路职工,采用HUBT-20A型幽门螺杆菌测试仪进行检测,对检测结果进行分析。结果共检测11 365人,其中男性8 250人,女性3 115人。幽门螺杆菌阳性率为41.28%,男性阳性率为41.81%,女性阳性率为39.87%,不同性别间阳性率差异无统计学意义(X~2=1.21, P0.05);随年龄的增长阳性率逐渐升高,从20～29岁组的34.9%上升至50～59岁组的44.32%; 20～29岁组与其他年龄组阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论武汉市铁路职工中幽门螺杆菌阳性率较高,随年龄的增长而升高,且30岁后阳性率上升明显,提示应加强针对幽门螺杆菌的卫生宣传教育及其预防和治疗等。     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.     

太极拳练习对大学生肩颈腰背疼痛的改善效果评价

探讨太极拳练习对大学生久坐引起的肩颈、腰背疼痛的改善效果,为防治大学生肩颈腰背疼痛提供参考.方法 使用随机数字表法将桂林市5所高校在校大学生中的350名有肩颈或腰背疼痛问题的大学生分为两组(n=175),对照组不进行运动处方干预,干预组进行为期12周的太极拳练习.对比两组干预前后的颈椎日本骨科协会评估治疗(JOA)评分、腰椎JOA评分、VAS评分的变化.结果 干预组干预后的上肢运动功能、下肢运动功能、感觉功能评分,及主观症状、临床体征、日常活动受限度评分均较干预前提高(t值分别为21.87,18.39,19.40,21.00,18.53,39.08,P值均<0.0l),且均高于对照组(P值均<0.05).干预组干预后的VAS评分为(1.51±0.63),低于对照组(3.49±0.75)(t=26.74,P<0.05).研究组大学生的疼痛频率降低、疼痛时间缩短发生率均高于对照组(P值均<0.05).研究组大学生的总有效率为86.86%,高于对照组的4.00%(x2=242.31,P<0.05).结论 对于大学生久坐引起的肩颈、腰背疼痛,坚持进行太极拳练习能够有效放松肩颈腰背肌肉,活动各部位关节,缓解肩、颈、腰、背各部位疼痛,应用效果显著.     

Angiotensin-(1–7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by enhancing autophagic activity in Parkinson's disease

Abnormal accumulation ofα-synuclein contributes to the formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra,which is considered the typical pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease.Recent research indicates that angiotensin-(1-7)plays a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson's disease,but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we used intraperitoneal administration of rotenone to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks to establish a Parkinson's disease model.We investigated whether angiotensin-(1-7)is neuroprotective in this model by continuous administration of angiotensin-(1-7)into the right substantia nigra for 4 weeks.We found that angiotensin-(1-7)infusion relieved characteristic parkinsonian behaviors and reducedα-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra.Primary dopaminergic neurons were extracted from newborn Sprague-Dawley rat substantia nigras and treated with rotenone,angiotensin-(1-7),and/or the Mas receptor blocker A-779 for 24 hours.After binding to the Mas receptor,angiotensin-(1-7)attenuated apoptosis andα-synuclein aggregation in rotenone-treated cells.Primary dopaminergic neurons were also treated with angiotensin-(1-7)and/or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours.Angiotensin-(1-7)increasedα-synuclein removal and increased the autophagy of rotenone-treated cells.We conclude that angiotensin-(1-7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by alleviating autophagy dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and angiotensin-(1-7)has potential therapeutic value for Parkinson's disease.All experiments were approved by the Biological Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital(approval No.DWSY-2000932)in January 2020.     

鸟氨酸脱羧酶在乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

为探讨鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ODC）基因表达在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用，笔者利用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法测定20例乳腺癌组织及相应癌旁乳腺组织中ODCmRNA表达的相对水平，观察其与乳腺癌的发生发展及与乳腺癌临床分期的关系。结果示乳腺癌组织中ODC的表达明显高于癌旁组织（P<0.05），乳腺癌组织中ODC的相对水平与临床TNM分期呈正相关趋势（P<0.01）。提示ODC在乳腺癌组织中呈高表达，并与临床TNM分期呈正相关，说明其在乳腺癌的发生发展中可能起重要作用。     

米非司酮在稽留流产中的应用

目的:探讨米非司酮在稽留流产中的临床应用。方法:收集在我院住院的稽留流产患者共31例,予口服米非司酮配伍宫腔内羊膜腔外插管术临床疗效观察。结果:完全流产25例达80.6%,不完全流产3例,失败改为钳夹术3例。结论:米非司酮配伍宫腔内羊膜腔外插管术治疗稽留流产收到很好的疗效,降低了钳刮术的并发症及难度、缩短了住院时间、提高了成功率。