在动态模拟体液中致密CaP陶瓷表面形貌对类骨磷灰石层形成的影响研究

磷酸钙陶瓷植入体内后其表面类骨磷灰石层的形成是诱导成骨的先决条件。本实验在模拟体液 (Simu-lated body fluid,SBF)以人体骨骼肌组织的正常生理流率 (2 ml/ 10 0 m l· min)下 ,研究在动态 SBF中致密磷酸钙陶瓷表面形貌对类骨磷灰石层形成的影响。结果表明 :在生理流速条件下 ,材料的粗糙表面有利于类骨磷灰石层的形成 ,加大 SBF中 Ca2 +、HPO4 2 -离子浓度 ,类骨磷灰石层的形成速度加快。本研究进一步证实了材料的几何形貌对类骨磷灰石形成的影响 ,加深了对磷酸钙陶瓷在体内诱导成骨机理的理解     

mPEG表面修饰的PLGA嵌段共聚物的血液相容性评价

本实验室设计合成了三种不同LA／GA比例的mPEG修饰PLGA（PELGA，含15％mPEG），为了评价它们的血液相容性，我们以硅化玻璃试管为阴性对照，未硅化的试管为阳性对照，参照国际标准（ISO10993）和《中华人民共和国国家标准GB／T16886医疗器械生物学评价》方法进行了体外评价实验。试验包括溶血率实验，血小板黏附实验，动态凝血时间实验，凝血时间实验，血浆复钙时间实验和凝血酶原时间实验等综合评价指标。结果表明，合成材料具有优良的血液相容性，材料制成的纳米粒有望应用于静脉注射。     

酒精性与特发性扩张型心肌病重度充血性心力衰竭的鉴别诊断

慢性酒精中毒所引起的充血性心肌病即酒精性心肌病(ACM)是国外最常见的原因明确的心肌病[1]。近年来,本病在国内发病亦有增多趋势[2]。一般认为ACM发展至充血性心力衰竭时,其临床表现与特发性扩张型心肌病(IDC)难于区别。笔者拟通过对两者的多项临床指标的对照观察,探讨ACM重度充血性心力衰竭时可能存在的某些鉴别诊断特征。1　资料与方法1.1　对象　本院内科1990年1月～1995年12月因重度充血性心力衰竭(心功能为NYHA标准IV级)入院诊断为扩张型心肌病的连续住院病例56例。除部分病例有长期重度嗜酒史外[3],诊断均符合WHO/ISFC心肌…     

超声治疗外阴白色病变30例临床分析

目的 :探讨超声治疗外阴白色病变的临床疗效。方法 :收治外阴白色病变 6 0例 ,随机分为 :超声治疗组 30例 ,微波治疗对照组 30例。观察其临床症状、体征和组织学变化。结果 :超声治疗组 30例患者的外阴瘙痒症状基本消失 ,患处上皮不同程度地恢复正常 ,显效率达 90 %。不同的病理类型间疗效的比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :用超声治疗外阴白色病变效果明显     

锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的应用锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端不稳定骨折的初步临床探讨。方法总结我院自2003年8月~2005年11月采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折12例;Neer分类,“二部分”骨折7例,“三部分”骨折5例。结果12例全部获3~15个月随访,参照Neer评分标准,优7例,良4例,可1例,优良率91.6%。结论锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折,固定稳固,允许早期功能煅炼,功能康复满意,是治疗不稳定肱骨近端骨折理想的内固定方法。     

In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of bioresorbable copolymers prepared from l-lactide, 1, 3-trimethylene carbonate,and glycolide for cardiovascular applications

PLLA-TMC-GA terpolymer was prepared by ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide, 1, 3-trimethylene carbonate (TMC), and glycolide (GA). The biocompatibility of terpolymer was evaluated in comparison with PLLA and PLLA-TMC with the aim of assessing their potential in the development of bioresorbable cardiovascular stents. Various aspects of in vitro biocompatibility were considered, including MTT assay, hemolytic test, dynamic clotting time, platelet adhesion, platelet activation, protein adsorption, plasma recalcification time and release of cytokines. The results revealed that the terpolymer presents good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Moreover, no significant increase in the release of cytokines was detected. It is thus concluded that these polymers, in particular PLLA-TMC-GA terpolymer present good biocompatibility for cardiovascular applications.     

彩色多普勒超声检测系统性红斑狼疮亚临床心脏异常

应用彩色多普勒综合性心脏超声方法检测３０例初发系统性红斑狼疮连续病例并与３０例健康对照组比较。结果显示ＳＬＥ组左室内径及室壁厚度较大；心室肥厚和／或扩张占３３％；左室充盈指标异常占４０％；瓣叶病变、心包积液和肺动脉高压分别占４３％、３７％和２７％。总异常率为８７％，远高于常规心电图及Ｘ线胸片。     

Specific cell targeting with APRPG conjugated PEG–PLGA nanoparticles for treating ovarian cancer

Good biocompatibility, specific tumor targeting, effective drug loading capacity and persistence in the circulation in vivo are imperative prerequisites for the antitumor efficiency of nanoparticles and their further clinical application. In this study, APRPG (Ala-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly) peptide-modified poly (ethylene glycol)–poly (lactic acid) (PEG–PLA) nanoparticles (NP-APRPG) encapsulating inhibitors of angiogenesis (TNP-470) (TNP-470-NP-APRPG) were fabricated. TNP-470-NP-APRPG was designed to feature maleimide-PEG–PLA and mPEG–PLA as carrier materials, the APRPG peptide for targeting angiogenesis, PEG for prolonging circulation in vivo and PLA for loading TNP-470. TNP-470-NP-APRPG was confirmed to be approximately 130 nm in size with negative ζ-potential (−14.3 mV), narrow distribution (PDI = 0.27) and spherical morphology according to dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) analyses confirmed 7.73% APRPG grafting on the TNP-470-NP. In vitro, TNP-470-NP-APRPG exhibited effective inhibition of proliferation, migration and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Similar findings were observed for the retardation of tumor growth in SKOV3 ovarian cancer-bearing mice, suggesting the significant inhibition of angiogenesis and antitumor efficiency of TNP-470-NP-APRPG. Moreover, no obvious toxic drug responses were observed. Further evidence obtained from the immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that the tumor growth inhibition was closely correlated with the high rate of apoptosis among endothelial cells and the effective blockade of endothelial cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that NP-APRPG is a promising carrier for delivering TNP-470 to treat ovarian cancer and that this approach has the potential to achieve broad tumor coverage in the clinic.     

Dual-mode US/MRI nanoparticles delivering siRNA and Pt(iv) for ovarian cancer treatment

As known to all, ovarian cancer ranks the most lethal of the gynecological malignancies. The antitumor drugs based on platinum are first-line chemotherapy drugs for ovarian cancer. However, their therapeutic efficiency is severely limited owing to dose-limiting toxicities of platinum. New theranostic strategies to overcome chemotherapy toxicity is highly desirable. Meanwhile, the real-time treating effect is not visible for doctors. Herein, we constructed PFH/siRNA/Fe₃O₄@Pt(iv) NPs-cRGD (NPs-cRGD) for precise theranostics against ovarian tumors with real-time imaging. The NPs-cRGD had a good storage stability and resisted the serum-induced aggregation, which was beneficial for drug delivery. Additionally, gel-retardation assay demonstrated that the NPs-cRGD exhibited great protection to siRNA to resist nuclease degradation. In vitro, the NPs-cRGD showed good dual-mode US/MRI imaging and the relative imaging research was also discussed. Moreover, the in vitro experiments indicated that the NPs-cRGD with US exhibited excellent antitumor therapeutic efficiency, resulting from the cRGD ligands and US exposure enhanced the cellular uptake efficiency. Thus, the dual-mode nanoparticles in this work may provide precious insight into the development of various multi-mode nanoplatforms delivering drugs or genes for precise theranostics against various cancer.

Phase-shifted dual-mode US/MRI nanoparticles (PFH/siRNA/Fe₃O₄@Pt(iv) NPs-cRGD) delivering si-survivin and Pt(iv) prodrug for enhancing ovarian cancer treatment and realizing real-time monitoring.     

Engineering tropane biosynthetic pathway in Hyoscyamus niger hairy root cultures

Scopolamine is a pharmaceutically important tropane alkaloid extensively used as an anticholinergic agent. Here, we report the simultaneous introduction and overexpression of genes encoding the rate-limiting upstream enzyme putrescine N-methyltransferase (PMT) and the downstream enzyme hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase (H6H) of scopolamine biosynthesis in transgenic henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) hairy root cultures. Transgenic hairy root lines expressing both pmt and h6h produced significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of scopolamine compared with the wild-type and transgenic lines harboring a single gene (pmt or h6h). The best line (T(3)) produced 411 mg/liter scopolamine, which was over nine times more than that in the wild type (43 mg/liter) and more than twice the amount in the highest scopolamine-producing h6h single-gene transgenic line H(11) (184 mg/liter). To our knowledge, this is the highest scopolamine content achieved through genetic engineering of a plant. We conclude that transgenic plants harboring both pmt and h6h possessed an increased flux in the tropane alkaloid biosynthetic pathway that enhanced scopolamine yield, which was more efficient than plants harboring only one of the two genes. It seems that the pulling force of the downstream enzyme (the faucet enzyme) H6H plays a more important role in stimulating scopolamine accumulation in H. niger whereas the functioning of the upstream enzyme PMT is increased proportionally. This study provides an effective approach for large-scale commercial production of scopolamine by using hairy root culture systems as bioreactors.