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为调查和分析云南西南部山地农耕区蚤类物种多样性空间分布格局、特征及其与人间鼠疫的关系,本文以云南西南部家鼠鼠疫疫源地中的耿马、临沧、陇川、龙陵、盈江、梁河、腾冲和云龙8县市为调查研究的空间范围,对各县市多个乡镇农耕区进行小型兽类及寄生蚤类的调查取样,所获蚤类数据进行群落组织水平的测定和统计学处理,就当地蚤类物种多样性空间分布格局与人间鼠疫之间的关系进行分析和探讨.结果 显示,(1)共捕获小型兽类2890只,隶属于7科19属35种;共采集宿主寄生蚤类2840只,隶属于6科16属27种.其中,印鼠客蚤(44.26%)和缓慢细蚤(20.39%)为数量上的优势种,偏远古蚤(8.56%)、长形病蚤(7.71%)和泸水栉眼蚤(6.76%)3蚤种数量相对较多,为当地的优势种,而其余的蚤种数量都相对较少;(2)蚤类水平分布和海拔分布的聚类分析结果显示均可聚为3类,它们整体反映了各调查样区或取样地点的地理位置、海拔高度和气候环境条件对农耕区蚤类群落和物种的组成、分布具有重要影响;(3)蚤类的Cody指数(β-多样性)沿海拔梯度的增加呈先逐步降低,后再升高的趋势,Sorenson指数随海拔增高呈先升高后降低的单峰分布格局,它们整体反映了滇西南山地农耕区蚤类群落和物种的组成与区系分布在2000~2500 m较高海拔的区域间发生了较大的变化;(4)蚤类的物种丰富度(γ-多样性)沿海拔梯度带变化规律总体呈现了随海拔升高呈先增高后降低的偏单峰分布格局,最大峰值出现在海拔1500~2000 m间,即在云南3类不同气候温层农耕区中,以中暖层气候农耕区蚤类物种丰富度最高;(5)蚤类的物种多样性指数(α-多样性)以腾冲市最高(1.9178),其他依次为梁河(1.6425)、云龙(1.6391)、陇川(1.5071)、龙陵(1.4948)、盈江(1.4778)、临沧(0.9402),而最低为耿马(0.2753);(6)蚤类的物种多样性、丰富度、均匀度、生态优势度和总蚤指数与人间鼠疫病例构成比之间的相关分析结果显示:物种多样性、均匀度与人间鼠疫均呈显著负相关,而生态优势度与人间鼠疫呈显著正相关;但总蚤指数与物种多样性、均匀度、生态优势度、物种丰富度和病例构成比均不相关.结果 表明,在蚤类物种多样性、均匀度高而生态优势度较低的区域,人间鼠疫发生率较低或未发生鼠疫,反之,人间鼠疫的发生率则较高;(7)优势种印鼠客蚤物种多度及其空间分布特征与人间鼠疫的发生与否和流行强度之间都具有重要关系.结果 表明滇西南家鼠鼠疫疫源地农耕区蚤类物种多样性和优势种印鼠客蚤物种多度的空间分布格局和特征与当地人间鼠疫的发生与否、流行强度都存在重要的关系. 相似文献
3.
A body of evidence suggests that ethanol can lead to damage of neuronal cells. However, the mechanism underlying the ethanol-induced damage of neuronal cells remains unclear. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in ethanol-induced damage was investigated in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide cell viability assay, DNA fragmentation detection, and flow cytometric analysis showed that ethanol induced apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest, characterized by increased caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation, nuclear disruption, and G1 arrest of cell cycle of the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. In addition, western blot analysis indicated that ethanol induced a lasting increase in c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase activity and a transient increase in p38 kinase activity of the neuroblastoma cells. c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase or p38 kinase inhibitors significantly reduced the ethanol-induced cell death. Ethanol also increased p53 phosphorylation, followed by an increase in p21 tumor suppressor protein and a decrease in phospho-Rb (retinoblastoma) protein, leading to alterations in the expressions and activity of cyclin dependent protein kinases. Our results suggest that ethanol mediates apoptosis of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells by activating p53-related cell cycle arrest possibly through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase-related cell death pathway. 相似文献
4.
Jiheum Paek Maria Lee Bo Wook Kim Yongil Kwon 《International urogynecology journal》2016,27(4):593-599
Introduction and hypothesis
The aim of this study was to compare robotic or laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy (RLSH) and open sacrohysteropexy (OSH) as a surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).Methods
Among 111 consecutive patients who had undergone sacrohysteropexy for POP, surgical outcomes and postoperative symptoms were compared between the RLSH (n?=?54; robotic 14 cases and laparoscopic 40 cases) and OSH (n?=?57). groups The medical records of enrolled patients were reviewed retrospectively.Results
Compared with the OSH group, the RLSH group had shorter operating time (120.2 vs 187.5 min, p?<?0.0001), less operative bleeding (median estimated blood loss 50 vs 150 ml; p?<?0.0001; mean hemoglobin drop 1.4 vs 2.0 g/dl; p?<?0.0001), and fewer postoperative symptoms (13 vs 45.6 %; p?<?0.0001). Patients’ overall satisfaction (94.4 vs 91.2 %; p?=?0.717) and required reoperation due to postoperative complications (3.7 vs 1.8 %; p?=?0.611) did not differ between groups.Conclusions
RLSH could be a feasible and safe procedure in patients with POP and should be considered as a surgical option that allows preservation of the uterus. Prospective randomized trials will permit the evaluation of potential benefits of RLSH as a minimally invasive surgical approach.5.
6.
The purpose of this study was to compare the range of motion (ROM) and strength of the
metacarpophalangeal (MP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints among massage practitioners with
and without thumb pain and control subjects. Sixteen massage practitioners with thumb
pain, 16 practitioners without thumb pain, and 16 control subjects participated in this
study. ROM of flexion, extension, and abduction in the MP joint; ROM of flexion and
extension in the IP joint of the thumb; strength of the flexor pollicis brevis (FPB),
extensor pollicis brevis (EPB), abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis longus (FPL),
and extensor pollicis longus measured in all subjects. ROM of extension and abduction in
the MP joint were significantly increased in massage practitioners with and without thumb
pain compared with control subjects. ROM of extension in the IP joint was significantly
increased in massage practitioners with thumb pain compared with those without thumb pain.
The strength of the EPB and FPL muscle was significantly decreased in massage
practitioners with thumb pain compared with those without thumb pain and control subjects,
respectively. In addition, there was significantly increased EPB/FPB strength in massage
practitioners without thumb pain compared to those with thumb pain and control
subjects. 相似文献
7.
Nitric oxide expression in airway epithelial cells in response to tubercle bacilli stimulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O Jung KWON Jung Hee KIM Ho Cheol KIM Gee Young SUH Jung Woong PARK Man Pyo CHUNG Hojoong KIM Chong H RHEE 《Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)》1998,3(2):119-124
Abstract In order to investigate the role of airway epithelial cells in pulmonary tuberculosis, inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production were studied in A549 cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from normal volunteers were separated and cultured for 24h with LPS or tubercle bacilli (H37Rv, H37Ra). Thereafter, A549 cells were stimulated for another 24h with culture supernatant fluids of PBMC. iNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was measured with Northern blot analysis and NO production was measured with the Griess reaction, which can measure nitrite concentration. iNOS mRNA expression and NO production were minimal in the control cells. iNOS mRNA expression and NO production were significantly increased with LPS ( P < 0.05) or tubercle bacilli ( P < 0.01) stimulation. However, there was no difference in iNOS mRNA expression and NO production between H37Rv and H37Ra stimulations. Interestingly, iNOS mRNA expression and NO production were greater in A549 cells stimulated with tubercle bacilli-conditioned media than in the cells stimulated with LPS-conditioned media. IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon gamma concentrations were increased in culture supernatant fluids of PBMC stimulated with tubercle bacilli. These findings suggest that airway epithelial cells may play a certain role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis by producing NO. However, the role of airway epithelial cells, regarding the virulence of tubercle bacilli, was not clear in this study. 相似文献
8.
Penile erectile responses to electric stimulation are enhanced by a new phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JAE YOUNG YU KYUNG KOO KANG MOOHI YOO JONG WON KWON 《International journal of urology》2005,12(3):299-304
AIM: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, on electrostimulation-induced penile erection in rats. METHODS: Intracavernous pressure (ICP) and arterial blood pressure (BP) were simultaneously recorded through electric pelvic-ganglion stimulation (2-10 Hz) after the oral administration of DA-8159 (3 or 10 mg/kg) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Statistical analysis was performed on the maximal intracavernous pressure (ICP), detumescence time, maximal intracavernous pressure/blood pressure (ICP/BP) ratio, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the ICP/BP ratio. RESULTS: In normal and diabetic rats, electrical stimulation of the pelvic ganglion induced a frequency- and dose-dependent increase in the intracavernous pressure. The ICP/BP ratio and the corresponding AUC values were also significantly and dose-dependently increased after DA-8159 administration. In addition, the detumescence time significantly increased after DA-8159 administration compared to that of the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the DA-8159 significantly increased the intracavernous pressure response and prolonged the decay period induced by electrical stimulation of the pelvic ganglion, and suggest that DA-8159 might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. 相似文献
9.
Su-A. KIM Sang-Won UM Jae-Uk SONG Kyeongman JEON Won-Jung KOH Gee Young SUH Man Pyo Jung O. Jung KWON Jong Heon PARK Chin A. YI Joungho HAN Hojoong KIM 《Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)》2010,15(1):150-154
Background and objective: Bronchoscopic resection of endobronchial hamartomas has been reported to have a favourable outcome. This study describes the bronchoscopic features of endobronchial hamartoma and reports the clinical outcome of bronchoscopic intervention. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients with histologically proven endobronchial hamartomas, diagnosed in the 10‐year period 1999–2009 to elucidate the clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic features of hamartoma and to describe the clinical outcomes. Results: Seventeen of the 135 patients with pulmonary hamartomas were diagnosed as having endobronchial hamartomas. CXR was abnormal in 11 of the 17 patients. On chest CT (n = 16), the median diameter of the lesion was 15.6 mm. Calcification and areas of focal fat in the lesion, the diagnostic CT findings of pulmonary hamartoma, were found in two of 16 (12.5%) patients. At bronchoscopy (n = 16), all tumours had a mass appearance and most were smooth surfaced round masses (50.0%) with 18.8% having a ‘stalk’. Bronchoscopic forceps biopsies were performed in 13 patients, which resulted in five patients (38.5%) being diagnosed with endobronchial hamartoma. Fifteen patients were treated with rigid or flexible bronchoscopic resection, one had lobectomy, and one had no intervention. No procedure‐related mortalities or late complications developed. Conclusions: Bronchoscopic intervention appears to be a safe and effective method to resect endobronchial hamartomas. 相似文献
10.
Tae‐Wan KIM Mi‐Na KIM Jae‐Woo KWON Kyung‐Mook KIM Sae‐Hoon KIM Won KIM Heung‐Woo PARK Yoon‐Seok CHANG Sang‐Heon CHO Kyung‐Up MIN You‐Young KIM 《Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)》2010,15(7):1092-1097
Background and objective: Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is thought to be associated with immunosuppressive treatments, but insufficient information is available on the effect of corticosteroids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of HBV reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen‐seropositive patients with asthma or COPD, who were treated with systemic corticosteroids (SCS) in addition to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Methods: Patients with asthma or COPD (n = 198), who were hepatitis B surface antigen‐seropositive and had been treated with ICS, were identified retrospectively. To evaluate the additional effects of SCS, the SCS group was divided into those who received intermittent or continuous SCS (≥3 months of continuous SCS treatment), and into those who received low‐dose (≤20 mg/day of prednisolone) or medium‐to‐high‐dose SCS. The study outcome was HBV reactivation. Results: HBV reactivation occurred in 11.1% of patients in the SCS group, which was significantly higher than the reactivation rate in the ICS group. HBV reactivation was more frequent in the SCS group compared with the ICS group (OR 3.813, 95% CI: 1.106–13.145, P = 0.032), and in the continuous and medium‐to‐high‐dose SCS subgroups compared with the ICS group (OR 5.719, 95% CI: 1.172–27.905, P = 0.048 and OR 4.884, 95% CI: 1.362–17.511, P = 0.014, respectively). Conclusions: These results suggest that addition of SCS to ICS increases the risk of HBV reactivation, especially when SCS are administered chronically or at high doses. 相似文献