脑出血继发损伤中沉默信息调节因子2的表达和炎症反应*

目的：探讨脑出血对酵母沉默信息调节因子2（Sirt2）和炎症的影响。方法：将胶原酶Ⅳ注入SD大鼠右侧 纹状体中建立脑出血模型，通过免疫印迹和ELISA 等方法测定大鼠脑出血后48 h 的Sirt2 的表达及炎症变化。利 用Hemin 诱导PC12 细胞损伤模拟体外脑出血模型，并检测Sirt2 及炎症变化；采用短发夹RNA（shRNA）-Sirt2 沉 默Sirt2 在PC12 细胞中的表达及对炎症的影响。结果：手术后48 h 脑出血行为学评分最低。脑出血组Sirt2 的表达 显著高于假手术组。脑出血组IL-6、IL-1β 表达显著升高。结论：脑出血可以促进Sirt2 的表达和炎症反应，降低 Sirt2 的表达可减缓炎症反应。 关键词 脑出血；沉默信息调节     

慢性萎缩性胃炎伴上皮内瘤变人群中医体质分布研究

目的?分析慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）伴上皮内瘤人群中医体质分布规律。方法?回顾性分析2015年2月1日—2017年12月31日在福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院门诊及体检中心行胃镜检查的CAG伴上皮内瘤变受试者及单纯CAG受试者资料，将240例CAG伴上皮内瘤变受试者作为研究组，240例单纯CAG受试者作为对照组，收集患者一般信息、发病部位、中医体质结果等信息，分析不同年龄CAG伴上皮内瘤变发生率与性别的关系，分析性别、年龄、CAG伴上皮内瘤变发生部位与中医体质分布情况的关系，比较CAG伴上皮内瘤变和单纯CAG的中医体质分布情况。结果?240例CAG伴上皮内瘤变患者，不同年龄组CAG伴上皮内瘤变发生率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），56~65岁年龄段发病多见。CAG伴上皮内瘤变体质分布（兼挟体质纳入其中）：血瘀质27例，湿热质100例，气郁质60例，阴虚质33例，痰湿质38例，气虚质45例，阳虚质48例，平和质5例，特禀质5例，以湿热质为主。男性人群以湿热质为主，其次是痰湿质和气郁质；女性人群中以气郁质、气虚质为主，其次是阳虚质。湿热质（11.6%）好发于45~55岁年龄段，气郁质（7.8%）、痰湿质（4.4%）和气虚质（5.3%）好发于56~65岁年龄段，阴虚质（3.6%）、阳虚质（6.6%）好发于>65岁年龄段。CAG伴上皮内瘤变质发生部位以胃窦为主，其次是胃体、胃角，发生部位和体质分布差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。CAG伴上皮内瘤变人群以湿热质为主，其次是气郁质，然后是阳虚质和气虚质。单纯萎缩性胃炎也是以湿热质为主，其次是阳虚质、气虚质、气郁质。两组间体质分布差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论?CAG伴上皮内瘤变人群中，男性发病率较女性高，发病年龄段中老年人多见，男性人群体质以湿热质为多，女性人群以气郁质、气虚质为主。发病部位与中医体质无明显相关性，CAG伴上皮内瘤变和单纯CAG体质分布具有明显差异。     

基于微流控核酸等温扩增的 登革病毒现场快速检测技术研究

[摘要]?目的?结合环介导等温扩增技术（loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP）和微流控芯片技术，建立一种适合现场快速检测登革病毒的方法。方法?利用RT-LAMP，针对登革病毒基因组中3’非编码区中特异性序列进行扩增，建立基于微流控芯片技术的LAMP检测方法，优化检测体系，并对该方法的灵敏性和特异性进行评估。结果?基于LAMP 和微流控芯片技术的登革病毒检测方法，通过对病毒模板进行扩增，发现与其他病毒无交叉反应，特异性良好；同时，结果显示该方法对登革病毒检测灵敏性可达61.2 pg/μl，与实时荧光定量PCR仪所达到的检测灵敏性一致。结论?基于LAMP和微流控芯片技术的登革病毒检测方法具有操作简单、快速、对设备要求低等优势,并且灵敏性、特异性均较好，是一种便于开展现场快速检测的方法。     

清肝泻肺方治疗肝火犯肺增加流感病毒易感性的作用研究

本实验采用慢性拘束应激诱导的H1N1流感病毒易感的小鼠模型,模拟临床上情志郁结、肝火犯肺,研究清肝泻肺方(黛蛤散合黄芩泻白散)治疗流感病毒性肺炎的作用。小鼠感染流感病毒后观察21天内的生存和发病情况,并于感染后的第6天取部分小鼠肺脏检测病毒性肺炎和磷脂过氧化等指标。实验结果显示,清肝泻肺方能够缓解慢性拘束应激负荷H1N1流感病毒引起的小鼠生存率和健康率下降,抑制小鼠肺部流感病毒的复制、炎症因子的产生,降低磷脂过氧化水平,改善小鼠肺炎症状。利用中药网络药理学技术构建的清肝泻肺方活性化合物-作用靶点网络,结果显示,该网络包含171个单体化合物和260个靶点,涉及氧化应激、炎症和免疫等相关信号通路。以上结果表明,清肝泻肺方治疗流感病毒性肺炎的作用机制可能与其调控氧化应激有关。实验方案经暨南大学动物实验伦理委员会批准,所有程序均严格按照动物使用和护理的伦理原则进行。     

不完全契约理论视阈下某跨区域医联体核心医院运行效率评价研究

目的对某跨区域医联体核心医院的运行效率进行评价，以不完全契约理论为分析视角探讨影响因素，为深化医联体建设提供借鉴和参考。方法收集2014年-2021年核心医院相关数据，采用DEA数据分析方法，计算运行效率变化情况。结果核心医院各项投入明显增加，医疗业务产出同步增长，医院运行效率经历了动态波动后持续向好。结论通过构建管理共同体，逐步优化契约，争取医保政策支持，合作共建初见成效。     

Effects of the Clearing the Lung and Dissipating Phlegm Method in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the clearing the lung and dissipating phlegm method in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and to provide evidence for the treatment of the disease. Materials and Methods: Literature was searched from the United States National Library of Medicine(PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database(Wanfang), and the Full?Text Database of Chinese Scientific and Technical Periodicals(VIP).A comprehensive collection was made of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) before June 2018, in which the treatment groups used either the clearing the lung and dissipating phlegm formulas only or combined it with routine Western medicine therapy, and the control group adopted routine Western medicine therapy only for the acute exacerbation of COPD. The Cochrane risk of bias method was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The data were analyzed and retrieved independently by two reviewers before meta?analysis was carried out with RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate the primary outcome measures, including the total clinical effective rate, and the secondary outcome measures such as the pulmonary function(forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in the 1 s [FEV1], percentage of FEV1 [FEV1%], and FEV1/FVC)and blood gases(PaO_2 and PaCo_2). Results: A total of 13 RCTs involving 990 patients(496 in the treatment group and 494 in the control group)were included in this study. Meta?analysis revealed significant difference in the efficacy of the group that adopted solely the routine Western medicine method and the group that combined the Western medicine with the clearing the lung and dissipating phlegm method. Outcome measures including the pulmonary function(FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC) and the blood gases(PaO_2 and PaCo_2) were significantly improved as compared to the control group(P 0.00001). However, adverse effects in the treatment group using combined traditional Chinese medicine were not reported due to the short observation time of the study. Conclusion: The clearing the lung and dissipating phlegm method can improve the efficacy in the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD, the outcome measures of the pulmonary function and the blood gases,as well as the life quality of the patients. However, due to the fact that the existing studies are generally of poor quality in which randomization and its implementation were not properly carried out, more high?quality RCTs are necessary to confirm the findings of this study.     

Simultaneous Determination of Six Compounds in Rat Plasma by Ultra‑Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application in the Pharmacokinetic Study of Qing Gan‑Shu Yu‑Fang

A rapid and high selective ultra?performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of six compounds including albiflorin, paeoniflorin, picroside I, picroside II, saikosaponin A, and saikosaponin D in rat plasma was developed and validated using butyl p-hydroxybenzoate as an internal standard. One-step direct protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used to extract the compounds from the rat plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, using gradient mode containing 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile were used as the Mobile phase A and B. Electrospray ionization in negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring were used to identify and quantify active components. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 > 0.9908) over a wide concentration range for all compounds. The intra- and interday precision (relative standard deviation) ranged 2.4%–7.0% and 2.6%–8.0%, respectively. The accuracy (relative error) was from ?13.0% to 13.2% at all quality control levels. The recovery ranged from 81.1% to 92.5%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of Qing Gan?Shu Yu?Fang. The results show that one can draw a conclusion that these six active ingredients can be quickly absorbed and play a pharmacodynamic role rapidly in vivo.     

新型冠状病毒核酸检测在眼科医院疫情防控中的实践与有效性研究

目的:探索以系统化、标准化的新型冠状病毒核酸检测为核心和重要组成部分,建立适合于眼科医院新冠疫情精准防控切实可行的防控体系。方法:系列病例研究。自2020年2月24日至3月2日期间,以标准化病毒核酸检测联合血常规、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)等检测作为所有眼科手术患者术前筛查常规检测项目,同时也为返岗员工提供病毒核酸检测。设计调查问卷了解受检者对鼻咽拭子采样的接受度以及核酸检测结果对其心理状态的影响。结果:99例患者血液学检测结果有一定的异常比例,其中SAA检测结果增高13例,淋巴细胞计数减低12例、增高5例,白细胞计数增高11例、减低1例,CRP增高2例,新型冠状病毒核酸检测均阴性。33例本院职工新型冠状病毒核酸检测均阴性。12%的受访者对鼻咽拭子采样接受度评分较低。受检者在核酸检测前后思想压力评分较高的比例分别为46.7%和6.7%。结论:该项举措一方面为术前新冠病毒肺炎筛查及鉴别诊断提供了客观依据,很大程度上排除了隐性无症状感染者传播的可能,有利于减少二次传播的风险,降低院内交叉感染的概率;另一方面,核酸检测阴性结果有利于调整患者术前的心理状态并缓解医护人员在疫情防控期间的心理压力。     

国内外安宁疗护准入标准的研究进展

安宁疗护可提高患者在生命终末阶段的生活质量，减轻患者和家属的身心痛苦。科学合理的安宁疗护准入标准可帮助医护人员识别出需要安宁疗护服务的患者，使其及时获得安宁疗护服务，因此明确安宁疗护的准入标准是推进安宁疗护发展的基础。本文就国内外安宁疗护准入标准的制定方法、具体内容及优缺点进行综述，以期为我国安宁疗护准入标准的构建提供参考。