PTEN基因敲除降低辐射敏感性及其机制

目的 探讨PTEN基因敲除对辐射敏感性的影响及机制。方法 采用流式细胞术检测MEF1和MEF1/PTEN^－/－细胞内ROS水平;采用Western blot方法,检测H₂O₂和DPI预处理后AKT激酶的表达变化;采用细胞克隆形成率试验分析细胞对⁶⁰Co γ射线的敏感性。结果 PTEN基因敲除后细胞ROS水平增加,辐射敏感性降低。H₂O₂和DPI预处理后影响MEF1细胞AKT激酶活性,但对MEF1/Pten^－/－细胞无影响。 结论 PTEN基因敲除阻断了ROS对AKT的介导,AKT激酶持续活化,可能是辐射敏感性降低的重要原因。     

子宫内膜异位症患者血清TNF-α和TNF-β的测定

目的:了解子宫内膜异位症（简称内异症）患者血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和肿瘤坏死因子-β（TNF-β）的水平以及在腹腔镜保守性手术治疗前后的变化。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法检测82例内异症患者（内异症组）和68例非内异症妇女（对照组）血清中TNF-α和TNF-β的含量及49例手术前后两者水平的变化。结果：内异症组血清TNF-α和TNF-β含量均显著高于对照组（Ｐ<0.01），且二者表达量随病情加重有上升趋势（Ｐ<0.05）。手术后Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者血清中的TNF-α和Ⅰ～Ⅳ期患者血清TNF-β的含量随着内异灶的清除逐渐下降。结论:检测患者血清中TNF-α和TNF-β的含量，对术后随访、监测及手术效果的评价具有重要意义。     

1049例育龄妇女下生殖道感染情况调查

目的了解育龄妇女下生殖道感染情况,为育龄女性生殖健康提供进一步的数据资料。方法对1049例来自健康体检中心的21~40岁育龄妇女的阴道后穹窿及宫颈分泌物标本进行检测,阴道清洁度、滴虫采用显微镜镜检法,淋球菌、解脲支原体、人型支原体、真菌采用培养法,沙眼衣原体则采用免疫层析法。检测结果进行统计学分析。结果女性生殖道感染的感染率为53.3%,其中混合感染率为9.8%,而清洁度异常率仅为28.4%;前三位病原体感染依次为解脲支原体(35.9%)、衣原体(18.1%)、真菌(6.7%)。结论女性生殖道感染情况严重,具有隐匿性,应加强对无症状感染的育龄妇女的监测。     

一氧化氮供体和他汀对B组柯萨奇病毒感染的实验研究

目的研究硝酸酯类和他汀类等一氧化氮（NO）供体的抗柯萨奇病毒B组3型（CVB3）的作用及其特点和机制。方法用TCID50和空斑形成实验测定CVB3的毒力；MTT法确定NO供体药物的无毒性浓度；利用细胞病变效应（CPE）抑制实验和空斑形成抑制实验分析NO供体药物对CVB3在HeLa细胞和ECV．304细胞中增殖的抑制作用；并分析硝酸甘油（GRIN）不同给药次数、NO浓度变化以及NO浓度与GTN对CVB3抑制效应间的相关性。结果硝酸酯类药物GTN、硝酸异山梨酯可明显抑制CVB3所致的CPE及空斑形成（P〈0．05），他汀类药辛伐他汀、洛伐他汀均未显示抑制CVB3所致的CPE（P〉0．05）；CVB3接种前预先与GTN作用、CVB3接种同时加入GTN两种条件下CPE抑制率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；CVB3攻击后多次给予GTN的组间CPE抑制率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但在CVB3攻击前不同时间点给予GTN的组间CPE抑制率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；NO浓度与不同时间点给予GrIN的CPE抑制结果呈正相关（r=0．97，P〈0．01）。结论NO供体类药物硝酸酯类具有明确的抗CVB3感染作用，其抗CVB3增殖的作用与NO浓度呈正相关；他汀类药物在本实验条件下未观察到抗CVB3增殖作用，原因可能是细胞类型与他汀不匹配。     

紫露烧伤膏的主要药效学研究

目的 :观察紫露烧伤膏对动物镇痛、抗炎、消肿、活血化瘀的作用。方法 :用化学刺激法和热板法观察对小鼠的镇痛作用 ,观察蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀和对小鼠二甲苯所致耳廓肿胀的抗炎作用 ,小鼠耳廓微循环的影响 ,观察活血化瘀作用。结果 :紫露烧伤膏能提高小鼠热板法所致疼痛的痛阈值并减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数 ;增加耳廓细动脉、细静脉血管口径及毛细血管开放量 ,改善小鼠耳廓循环。对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀有明显的抑制作用 :能明显减轻蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿胀 ;具有较好的镇痛、活血化瘀、抗炎、消肿等功效。     

二十五味鬼臼丸联合微波等治疗盆腔积液疗效观察

Objective To observe clinical effect of treating pelvic effusion with twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics, microwave. Methods 182 cases patients with inflammatory pelvic effusion were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group was treated with twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics、microwave, and the control group was treated with antibiotics combined with microwave. The absorption, symptoms disappeared and cure situations of pelvic effusion were observed between control group and treatment group after treatment.Results The complete absorption, symptoms disappeared and cure situations of pelvic effusion in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 100%, and the total effective rate of the control group was 87.5%, which has a significant difference (P<0.05) .Conclusion The treatment of twenty five tastes podophyllum pill combined with antibiotics, microwave on pelvic effusion is better than western medicine.     

口腔念珠菌病患者唾液硝酸根分泌能力升高

Objective To observe the alterations of saliva nitrate and nitrite level in patients with oral candidiasis. Methods Parotid saliva and whole saliva were collected from 33 patients and 34 healthy volunteers. Concentrations of nitrate and nitrite in saliva were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Follow-up observation was performed on 10 patients after treatment. The data were statistically analyzed with independent-samples t test or paired-samples t test at α=0. 05. Results There was significant increase of the concentrations and secretion rate of parotid saliva nitrate in patient group as compared with controls: (49. 70±0. 50) vs (21.51±0. 60) mg/L (t=2. 692,P=0. 009) and (27.71±0. 50) vs (12. 55±0. 60)μg/min (t=2. 554, P=0. 013), respectively. Significantly increased concentrations and secretion rate of nitrate and nitrite [nitrate: (6. 46±0. 94) vs (1.11±0. 70) mg/L (t=3.792,P=0.000); nitrite: (8.48±0.58) vs (3.39±0.53) mg/L (t=2.888,P=0.005); nitrate secretion rate: (10. 57±0. 91) vs (2. 10±0. 74)μg/min (t=3.464, P=0. 001) ; nitrite secretion rate:(13.91±0.55) vs (6.42±0.58)μg,/min (t=2.397,P=0.020)]were revealed in whole saliva of patients group. Significantly decreased nitrate and nitrite levels were also observed in patients after treatment, especially the changes of parotid saliva nitrate secretion rate [(37. 50±0. 50) vs (14. 34±0. 64)μg/min (t=3. 142, P=0. 012)], whole saliva nitrate [(14.29±1.01) vs (2. 59±1.03) mg/L (t=3.475, P=0. 007)]and whole saliva nitrate secretion rate [(25.97±0. 93) vs (4. 12±1.00)μg/min (t=3. 922,P=0. 003)]. Conclusion The present study revealed the significant increase of salivary nitrate and nitrite level in patients with oral candidiasis is considered to be associated with the host defense reaction.     

近5年国家自然科学基金资助耳鼻咽喉科学研究结题分析及成果简介

This paper reviewed and analyzed the 72 fulfilled projects in the discipline of Otorhinolar-yngology supported in division Ⅱ of basic research of clinical medicine by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (NSFC) from year 2002 to 2006, and gave a brief introduction to the part of research a-chievements. The science foundation promotes Otorhinolaryngology to a quick development, and produces some outstanding research achievements with international recognition. Thus, it plays an important role in el-evating the level of discipline and bringing up specialists. According to the retrospection and analysis of the fulfilled projects and their research achievements, we hope it can objective and overall reflect research pro-gress in the field of Otorhinolaryngology, and offer as a reference to the relevant researchers and scientific re-search managers.     

37例新生儿耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌败血症研究

目的 探讨耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)在新生儿败血症中的分布状况、耐药特征，为临床治疗提供参考。方法 按常规培养，应用WalkAway40型仪进行菌种鉴定并对13种抗菌药物进行药敏试验。结果 血培养98株细菌中分离出葡萄球菌78株，其中MRCNS37株(47．44％，37／78)，表皮葡萄球菌16株(43．24％，16／37)，溶血葡萄球菌9株(24.32％，9／37)。MRCNS对12种抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药，未发现耐万古霉素的MRCNS。结论 新生儿MRCNS败血症已属常见，临床治疗较困难，应积极采取措施预防和控制感染。     

桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI诊断

目的:总结桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI表现,提高对桥小脑角区肿瘤的诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析65例经手术、病理证实的桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI资料。结果:听神经瘤26例,脑膜瘤14例,胆脂瘤12例,三叉神经瘤8例,蛛网膜囊肿2例,脑干胶质瘤2例,颅咽管瘤1例。桥小脑角区肿瘤中最多见的是听神经瘤(40%)和脑膜瘤(21.5%)。结论:MRI可清晰显示桥小脑角区肿瘤的不同特点,对桥小脑角区肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要价值。