急性脑梗死血清C-反应蛋白的临床分析

目的观察急性脑梗死患者血清CRP在发病中的作用及临床意义。方法采用免疫比浊法对60例急性脑梗死患者的血清CRP水平进行动态观察（病程第1．7及14天），并与45例健康人进行比较。结果急性脑梗死患者血清CRP从病程第1天即升高（P〈0．01），至第7天达高峰，以后降低；重型患者明显高于轻、中型患者。结论血清CRP可能在急性脑梗死的发生、发展中起一定作用，并与病情严重程度呈正相关。     

Analysis of renal function in the immediate postoperative period after partial liver transplantation.

Although renal dysfunction is common after liver transplantation, postoperative renal function after split liver transplantation (SLT) has not been well studied. Renal function immediately after surgery was analyzed retrospectively in 16 patients that received a SLT (SLT group). The results were compared with corresponding data from 31 matched patients that received a full-size liver transplant (FSLT group) during the same period. Serum creatinine (SCr) was measured before surgery, and, after transplantation, daily during the first week and at days 14, 21, and 28. Renal dysfunction (RD) was defined as the requirement for renal replacement therapy (RRT) or a 100% increase in SCr if the basal value had been <1.0 mg/dL or a 50% increase in SCr if the basal value had been >1.0 mg/dL. SCr had to be at least 1.5 mg/dL for a diagnosis of RD to be considered. The classification of RD was: mild, SCr 1.5-2.4 mg/dL; moderate, SCr 2.5-4.0 mg/dL; or severe, SCr >4.0 mg/dL (the requirement for RRT). Both donor and recipient age and cold ischemia time were lower in the SLT group than in the FSLT group (P < 0.05). Length of surgery was longer in the SLT group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups with respect to Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores, the need for transfusions, the length of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), survival rate, individual severity index, or sepsis-related organ failure assessment scores at the time of diagnosing RD. Immunosuppression regimens were similar in both groups. RD developed in 82% of SLT patients, but in only 58% of FSLT patients (P = not significant [NS]). Among SLT patients, RD (23.0% mild, 15.5% moderate, and 61.5% severe) was more severe (P = 0.007) than in FSLT patients (63.1% mild, 15.8% moderate, and 24.1% severe). The requirement for RRT in the SLT group (43.7%) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than that in the FSLT group (12.9%). This finding may be due to the different incidence of sepsis in the 2 groups (SLT 37.5% vs. FSLT 9.7%; P < 0.05). In conclusion, although the number of patients studied was small, our data suggest a higher incidence of RD and a greater requirement for RRT in patients that receive a split liver graft than in those that receive a full size liver graft.     

创伤性迟发性颅内血肿的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨创伤性、迟发性颅内血肿的早期诊断和治疗的临床效果。方法 对22例病人的发病年龄、性别、伤因、早期诊断和治疗效果进行了回顾性分析。经过2—6个月，按GOS评定治疗效果。结果 良好者12例，中残者5例，重残者1例，植物生存者1例，死亡者3例，死亡率为14％。结论 早期诊断和治疗本病对于提高治愈率和降低死亡率至关重要，早期手术治疗本病，乃是多数病人首选的治疗方法。     

Cross-cultural invariance of the Academic Expectations Stress Inventory: Adolescent samples from Canada and Singapore

We provide further evidence for the two-factor structure of the 9-item Academic Expectations Stress Inventory (AESI) using confirmatory factor analysis on a sample of 289 Canadian adolescents and 310 Singaporean adolescents. Examination of measurement invariance tests the assumption that the model underlying a set of scores is directly comparable across groups. This study also examined the cross-cultural validity of the AESI using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis across both the Canadian and Singaporean adolescent samples. The results suggested cross-cultural invariance of form, factor loadings, and factor variances and covariances of the AESI across both samples. Evidence of AESI's convergent and discriminant validity was also reported. Findings from t-tests revealed that Singaporean adolescents reported a significantly higher level of academic stress arising from self expectations, other expectations, and overall academic stress, compared to Canadian adolescents. Also, a larger cross-cultural effect was associated with academic stress arising from other expectations compared with academic stress arising from self expectations.     

AO跟骨板在Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的临床应用

目的 评价AO跟骨板治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的疗效。方法 21例29足严重跟骨骨折按Sanders分型：Ⅲ型18足；Ⅳ型11足，采用AO跟骨板及髂骨(或人工骨)植骨进行有限坚强内固定。对年老、骨质疏松严重的Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型跟骨骨折后距下关节不能达到解剖复位，整复跟骨外形后，AO跟骨板固定，同时一期行距下关节融合术。结果 按Maryland足部评分系统评价术后功能，本组29足Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折行AO跟骨板固定总体优良率为82．8％。结论 AO跟骨板治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折疗效肯定，术后早期功能练习．减少骨折并发症，是一种治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的理想方法。     

髋臼骨折合并坐骨神经损伤的显微外科治疗

[目的]从神经显微外科修复角度分析髋臼骨折合并坐骨神经损伤的诊治特点。[方法]对4例髋臼骨折合并坐骨神经损伤患者行神经探查术,分析其临床特点,检查发现及术中所见,对该病损伤机制、诊断和治疗进行探讨。[结果]4例髋臼骨折合并坐骨神经损伤患者临床表现及术中所见均有差异,术后胫神经功能恢复较好,腓总神经功能恢复稍差。[结论]髋臼骨折合并坐骨神经损伤损伤机制复杂,诊断和治疗均有别于一般神经卡压性疾病。     

神经根修复时间对脊髓前角运动神经元存活的影响

目的评价神经根修复时间对脊髓前角运动神经元存活的影响。方法采用大鼠颈。神经根性撕脱伤和椎孔外切断实验动物模型，根据动物神经根损伤类型和损伤后修复时间分为A、B、C、D四组，每组16只。A、C组分别将撕脱与切断的神经根即刻回植入脊髓和于椎孔外直接吻合，B、D组将撕脱和椎孔外切断的神经根旷置3周后再重复上述手术。分别于神经根撕脱和椎孔外切断术后3周、3个月、6个月取材。应用组织病理活检、免疫组化技术及神经示踪技术，对神经中枢及吻合口下段神经干检查，观察脊髓病理改变和轴突再生情况，进行A、B组和C、D组间对比。结果臂丛神经根性损伤即刻修复组脊髓前角运动神经元和尼氏体数目、形态、减少程度及周围再生神经纤维数目、发育程度均优于损伤后3周修复组。结论神经根早期修复对脊髓前角运动神经元有明确的保护作用，对外周神经再生有促进作用。     

上海市某区警察心理健康状况和生活质量的时点调查

目的调查警察心理健康状况和生命质量的基本流行学资料。方法采用梅奥心理服务问卷,主要内容为心理健康状况和生命质量测定等。在上海市某公安分局内进行截断面时点调查。结果1共调查警员1611人,男性91.5%,女性8.5%,年龄28.8±17.5岁。2GHQ的平均得分:1.5±2.31,存在可能心理障碍倾向者比例15.3%,可能存在重度心理障碍者比例2.9%。3SCL-90总分大于160分者比例17.2%;单项分大于2分比例最高的是强迫症状因子(19.5%),睡眠饮食因子次之(12.8%),躯体化症状因子(12.6%)第3位,敌对因子(12.4%)处于第4位。4健康变化、总体健康感、心理健康和生命活力得分是相对最低的维度。结论1在警察群体中存在心理障碍者比例远高于一般市民,生活质量一些维度相对较差;2建立长效机制是维护和保证警察心理健康和生活质量的有效手段。