不同针灸疗法治疗糖尿病周围神经病概况

近年来随着生活水平的提高,人们饮食和生活习惯的改变,糖尿病的发病率日益增加,单一的毫针刺法已经不能满足临床病情的需要。电针、刺络放血、温针灸等都是常规毫针刺法的发展,是针刺和其他刺激方法的综合应用,不同针灸疗法在治疗糖尿病周围神经病变中比单一毫针刺法的疗效更为显著。但目前存在的问题是治疗方法之间的疗效及作用机理的差异性对照研究比较缺乏,今后我们应该开展单一治法与综合治法之间的比较研究,以便选出最有效的治疗方案,供临床应用。     

全蝎白术白头翁混合发酵品不同极性部位体外抗病毒研究

目的探讨全蝎白术白头翁混合发酵品(SAPHFP)不同极性部位体外抗病毒作用及可能活性成分的含量。方法对SAPHFP分别采用超声水提、50%、80%乙醇回流提取,提取物通过MTT法分别对RSV、EV71、COX-B2、HSV四种病毒株进行体外抗病毒作用的实验;采用Lowry法、苯酚-硫酸法及NaNO_2-AlCl_3-NaOH比色法分别测定三种极性部位中的总蛋白、总多糖及总黄酮的含量。结果 SAPHFP三种提取成分中,50%乙醇提取物对病毒的抑制率最好,尤其是对EV71和HSV病毒,TI指数分别为46.30、56.82。三者的体外抗病毒有效率均高于阳性对照药利巴韦林;SAPHFP的50%乙醇提取液与未发酵品比较,感染了HSV病毒的正常细胞其存活率显著提高;水提液中总蛋白、总多糖、总黄酮含量最高,分别为:177.1269、517.7191、9.624298。结论 SAPHFP水提、50%、80%乙醇提取物体外对四种病毒均有一定的抑制作用,体外抗以上病毒株的活性与供试品中所含的总蛋白、总多糖、总黄酮含量不完全成对等关系。     

脐尿管癌2例

<正>例1 男性,49岁。主因间断性尿中血块1月余入院。腹软无压痛、反跳痛,一般情况好。尿常规示:红细胞+++。CT检查:膀胱顶壁一管状物指向脐部,似与膀胱相通,肿物大小约3cm,呈囊性,外凸于膀胱顶壁前部(图1,2)。膀胱镜检查+脐尿管肿物切除术,术中见膀胱顶壁外脂肪组织内可见椭圆形实性肿物,颜色暗红,切除膀胱顶壁近肿瘤边缘约2cm左右膀胱壁组织行冰冻病理检查报告:恶性肿瘤,所取组织近肿瘤端切缘及远离肿瘤端切缘均见肿瘤。术后     

“三位一体”针法联合冷热中药液交替浸泡治疗脑卒中后肩-手综合征Ⅰ期上肢水肿疗效及对上肢静脉血流速度的影响

目的 观察"三位一体"针法联合冷热中药液交替浸泡治疗脑卒中后肩-手综合征Ⅰ期上肢水肿的疗效及对上肢静脉血流速度的影响。方法 将97例脑卒中后肩-手综合征Ⅰ期上肢水肿患者随机分为观察组49例和对照组48例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予"三位一体"针法+冷热中药液交替浸泡治疗,2组疗程为4周。比较2组临床疗效,观察2组治疗前后上肢水肿分级、疼痛评分、上肢关节功能、日常生活能力及肩手关节活动度、上肢静脉血流速度的变化情况。结果 观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);2组治疗后上肢水肿分级和腋静脉、肱静脉、肘正中静脉、桡静脉内径及最大血流速度均较治疗前显著改善(P均0.05),且观察组改善情况显著优于对照组(P均0.05);2组治疗后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、上肢周径均明显低于治疗前(P均0.05),上肢Fugl-Meyer量表评分、改良Barthel指数量表评分均明显高于治疗前(P均0.05),肩关节前屈、后伸、外展、内旋活动度和掌指关节屈曲、近端指间关节屈曲、远端指间关节屈曲、拇指指间关节屈曲角度均明显大于治疗前(P均0.05),且观察组上述指标改善情况均显著优于对照组(P均0.05)。结论 "三位一体"针法联合冷热中药液交替浸泡治疗脑卒中后肩-手综合征Ⅰ期上肢水肿疗效确定,不仅能促进上肢水肿消退,缓解疼痛,提高肩手关节活动度,还能改善上肢功能与日常活动能力,其机制可能与改善上肢静脉血流、促进静脉回流有关。     

双酚A与肿瘤相关性的研究进展

双酚A（BPA）是一种常见的、具有显著类雌激素作用的环境内分泌干扰物，被认为与多种疾病的发生有关。恶性肿瘤作为严重影响人类健康的一类疾病，其与BPA的关联性受到了研究者的广泛关注并开展了深入的研究。本文总结了BPA与恶性肿瘤相关研究的最新进展，包括激素依赖性及非激素依赖性肿瘤，以及相应的流行病学研究或体内、外实验研究证据；同时，归纳了BPA促进恶性肿瘤发生发展的分子机制；此外，还分析了当前研究中存在的问题和不足。以上内容将为进一步研究BPA对恶性肿瘤发生发展的影响，为寻找预防或降低BPA健康损伤的措施提供有益信息。     

注射后臀肌挛缩症的分型及手术治疗

目的 探讨注射后臀肌挛缩症的分型、分型与病变的关系和手术范围。方法 根据臀肌挛缩症特有的临床表现.分为轻型、中型、重型：根据分型术中分别显露髂胫束、臀大肌、臀中肌、臀小肌至髋关节囊后方。结果 153例均手术治疗，随访141例、随访时间1～10年，平均6．8年，优良率96．5％。结论 将臀肌挛缩症进行分型？更有利于准确的区别病情轻重程度，选择相应的手术范围和评估预后。     

气囊导尿管临床应用的护理体会

气囊导尿管常用于临床留置导尿，广泛用于尿潴留，尿失禁和需严密监测尿量、比重、酸硷度、水电解质，可以间接反应血容量，抗休克治疗、肾功能变化，为临床治疗提供可靠指标，而且用气囊留置尿管对尿潴留和尿失禁病人避免多次插管而增加病人痛苦和感染机会及不需贴胶布，但是长期留置尿管，如护理不当，也可产生许多并发症，最常见有尿路感染，尿道损伤，尿路结     

Risk factors and ankle brachial indexes in cerebral infarction combined with peripheral arterial disease

BACKGROUND: Ankle brachial index(ABI)is widely involved in researches and clinical application of peripheral vascular injury of patients with diabetes (DM);however ,the application in cerebral infarction(CI)is rare.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible risk factor of cerebral infarction plus peripheral arterial disease(PAD),compare metabolic characteristics of patients who having CI plus PAD or only having CI,and understand the significance of ABI on screening and diagnosing CI plus PAD of lower limb.DESIGN: Contrast observation based on CI patients.SETTING: Deparment of Neurology,Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhang Autonomous Region.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 124 CI patients were selected from Department of Neurology.Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from July 2005 to April 2006,including 72 males and 52 females aged from 45 to 88 years.All patients met the diagnostic criteria of cerebrovascular disease established by National Academic Conference of Cerebrovascular Diseases in 1995 and determined as cerebral infarction with MRI or CT examination.All patients provided informed consent.There were 46 cases(37.2%)with CI plus PAD and 78 cases(62.8%)only with CI.METHODS: Blood pressure of bilateral ankles and upper extremities was measured at plain clinostatism with DINAMAP blood pressure monitor(GE Company).The ratio between average systolic pressure of lateral ankle and average systolic pressure of both upper extremities was regarded as ABI.The normal ABI was equal to or more than 0.9.If ABI＜0.9 occurred at one side,patients were diagnosed as PAD.On the second morning after hospitalization,blood was collected to measure fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PBG2h),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).Among them,blood glucose.lipid and other biochemical markers were measured with enzyme chemistry assay and HbA1c was measured with HbA1c meter based on high liquid phase.Measurement data and enumeration data were compared with t test and Chi-square test.and multiple factors were deat with Logistic regression analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of correlation between ABI and metabolic markers with multivariate linear regression analysis;risk factors of CI plus PAD with Logistic regression analysis;comparisons of metabolic markers between PAD and non-PAD patients.RESULTS:All 124 patients with acute CI were involved in the final analysis.①Comparisons of metabolic markers:Levels of serum LDL-C and uric acid(UA)were higher of PAD patients than those of non-PAD patients(t=2.051 9,3.339 1,P＜0.05);however,there were no significant differences among other metabolic markers(P＞0.05).②Results of multivariate linear regression analysis:PBG2h,LDL.C and UA were obvious correlation with ABI of posterior tibial artery of lower limb and dorsal pedis artery rpartial regression coefficient:-0.231 to-1.010,P＜0.05).③Risk factors of CI plus PAD with Logistic regression analysis:Age.Smoking history,sum of CI focus(≥3)and LDL-C were independent risk factor of CI plus PAD(OR=1.524-5.422,P＜0.05-0.01 ).CONCLUSION:①Levels of serum LDL-C and UA of patients with CI plus PAD are high.②ABI of lower limbs is correlation with PBG2h,LDL-C and UA.In addition,measuring ABI is beneficial for early diagnosing PAD of lower limbs of patients who have poorly controlled blood glucose,abnormal lipid and poor renal function.③Age,LDL-C and sum of CI focus(≥3)are independent risk factors of CI plus PAD.It is of significance for screening non-PAD patients to evaluate risk degrees and prognosis and select therapeutic methods based on ABI measurement.