Juvenile Xanthogranuloma with Ocular Involvement

Abstract:   Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a benign histiocytic skin disorder encountered primarily in infancy and childhood. Approximately 0.4% of cases exhibit ocular manifestations, which can result in glaucoma and blindness. We present a case of a 7-month-old male with unilateral glaucoma associated with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, and emphasize the importance of an ocular screening in patients with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, especially those with periocular lesions.     

5-羟色胺受体激动剂对脊髓损伤猫排尿功能的影响

目的探讨5-羟色胺(5-HT)受体激动剂对猫脊髓损伤后膀胱过度活动的影响。方法雌性猫18只,其中正常假手术组5只,脊髓损伤组13只。术后6~8周,氯醛糖麻醉下,在猫颈动脉及膀胱内置管,连接压力感受器,记录诱发膀胱收缩的膀胱容量阈值、膀胱容量、剩余尿量、排尿量和血压。静脉注入5-HT1A受体激动剂8-OH-DPAT(0.3~30μg/kg)或5-HT1B/1D受体激动剂GR-46611(0.03~300μg/kg),得到剂量-效应曲线后再给予5HT1A受体抑制剂WAY-100635(300μg/kg),比较给药前后各项指标变化。结果正常猫使用8-OH-DPAT后,膀胱容量阈值、膀胱容量、剩尿量均有增加趋势,但差异无统计学意义;8-OH-DPAT和GR-46611均能使脊髓损伤猫的膀胱容量阈值、膀胱容量、剩余尿量增加,且效应随着剂量增加而增加,差异有统计学意义。WAY-100635能抵消8-OH-DPAT的作用,但对GR-46611无影响。结论5-HT1A和5-HT1B/1D受体激动剂能改善慢性脊髓损伤后的膀胱过度活动,增加膀胱容量。     

大脑中动脉狭窄的TCD与DSA检查比较研究

目的 :通过大脑中动脉狭窄的TCD检查与DSA检查方法比较 ,为临床提供方便可靠的检查方法。方法 :对经TCD检查确诊为大脑中动脉狭窄 6 0例做DSA检查 ,对两种检查结果进行比较分析。结果 :经TCD确诊为大脑中动脉狭窄病例 ,病变侧狭窄处的血流速度(Vm)均明显高于健侧一倍以上 ,在动脉硬化性狭窄中多伴有“海鸥鸣”或“铁锅炒沙”样杂音 ,且频谱形态呈圆钝或脉动指数值增高的阻力波形。该 6 0例在DSA的检查中均出现不同部位的不同狭窄。结论 :TCD检查具有快速方便、安全、经济、确诊率高的优点 ,可作为脑血管病首选检查手段     

外伤后癫痫大鼠模型脑内铁蛋白与转铁蛋白含量的动态变化研究

目的:从脑内铁代谢的角度研究铁在外伤后癫(PTE)发病机制中的可能作用。方法:用ELISA方法检测PTE大鼠模型脑组织内铁蛋白(Ft)和转铁蛋白(Tf)的动态含量。结果:早期Ft在整个脑组织内呈现为即刻反应性升高,15d后其含量在实验对侧脑组织内恢复至正常范围,而在实验侧脑组织内呈现继续升高的趋势;Tf含量只在实验侧脑组织内升高,且呈现随时间继续升高趋势。结论:PTE大鼠模型中的铁代谢过程十分复杂,相关蛋白尤其是Tf含量的增加提示铁可能是外伤后癫灶形成机制的一部分。     

Effects of metals on chromosomes of higher organisms

An analysis of the available data on the clastogenic effects of metals and their compounds on higher organisms indicates some general trends. Following chronic exposure to subtoxic doses, a decrease in mitotic frequency and an increase in the number of chromosomal abnormalities are observed. These effects are usually directly proportional to the dose applied and the duration of treatment within the threshold limits. Recovery after acute treatment is inversely related to the dosage. The ultimate expression of the effects depends on certain factors, including the mode and vehicle of administration; the form administered; the test system used; the rate of detoxification, distribution, and retention in the different tissues; and interaction with foreign and endogenous substances as well as the mode of action with the biological macromolecules. In mammals, the clastogenic activity of the metals within each vertical group of the periodic table is directly proportional to the increase in atomic weight, electropositivity, and solubility of the metallic cations in water and lipids, except for Li and Ba. This pattern of inherent cytotoxicity increases with successive periods in the horizontal level. It is enhanced by the formation of covalent and coordinate covalent complexes by heavy metals with the biological macromolecules. In plants, the solubility of the metals in water is of much greater importance. The degree of dissociation of metallic salts and the rate of absorption affect significantly the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. In assessing the effects of environmental metal pollution, the presence of other metals and toxic chemicals and the level of nutrition should be taken into account, since in nature, metals occur in combination and these factors modify the cytotoxic effects to a significant extent.     

抚触对人工喂养新生儿生长发育的影响

目的 探讨抚触对人工喂养儿生长发育影响。方法 选择30例人工喂养新生儿进行抚触,并随机选择条件相似的30例人工喂养儿做对照,100d时比较两组婴儿的身长、头围、体质量、日摄奶量、睡眠时间、大便情况。结果 抚触组人工喂养婴儿的体质量、摄奶量较对照明显增加,睡眠时间较对照组长,且较对照组大便正常,较少发生便秘。身高、头围无明显差异。结论 抚触能明显提高人工喂养儿的体质量及摄奶量,促进排泄,改善睡眠。     

我国HIV-1 B''亚型毒株gag基因变异特征研究

目的研究我国人免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）B’亚型主要流行株在宿主免疫压力下的基因变异及抗原表位的变化特征，探讨选择压力、基因离散率和抗原表位变化之间的关系。方法从确诊的HIV-1感染者的全血样本中提取基因组DNA，经套式聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增后，将扩增产物进行纯化和测序。然后将所得序列进行系统进化树和氨基酸变异分析，使用GCG软件包的Distance程序对P17和P24两个区段计算基因距离，用Diverge程序计算同义替换（1（s）和非同义替换（1（a）及二者之间的比值，并对我国人群中较常见的HLA型别限制的CTL表位的突变情况进行分析。结果HIV-1B’亚型毒株的P17区段的Ks／Ka值〈1，而P24区段的Ks／Ka值〉1；P24部分的基因离散率低于P17部分；P17区段抗原表位的保守率为34．94％，而P24区段抗原表位的保守率为67．38％；从基因离散率、所受的选择压力及抗原表位的突变率3个方面来看，HIV-1的P17区段均明显大于P24区段。结论HIV-1B’亚型毒株的P17区段的抗原表位变化较大，而P24区段的抗原表位相对较为保守。提示P24区段的CTL表位更适合于表位疫苗的研制。     

Different types of aortic stenosis and simulation of their morphological-hydrodynamic interdependence--in vitro study with allografts and stenotic valve models

Biological valves display a dependence of valve resistance and valve area on flow and a phase shift between systolic flow through the valves and pressure difference across the valves. The pressure-flow relations of stenosed valves raise questions about the "best measure of stenosis". There is a need for quantitative evaluation of the hydrodynamic performance of homografts and allografts. In the present paper, we report on in vitro studies of the hydrodynamic behavior of homografts from human donors, allografts from different animal species as well as three valve models. Valve model I was designed to simulate flow-dependence of valve area, valve model II was designed to simulate restricted valve opening independent of flow, and valve model III was designed to simulate a flow-dependent movement of valve root in flow direction. Among other aspects, the effect of increased viscosity of the test fluid on the pressure difference and the effects of water absorption by valve tissue on valve characteristics were investigated. The results of the present studies clearly indicate that any biological valve may be modelled as a serial connection of a model I type valve and a model II type valve. From the results, the dependence of the characteristic pressure-flow relationship of a valve on valve size and valve distensibility can be clearly seen and the clinical significance of the characteristic coefficients of the pressure-flow relationship of a valve can be elucidated. Further, it was shown that the characteristic phase shift between flow and pressure difference displayed by biological valves is due to their movable valve plane similar to that of valve model III.