生物信息学在肝细胞癌风险预测中的应用

生物信息学是一门交叉科学,通过综合运用数学、计算机科学和生物学的各种工具,来阐明和理解大量生物数据所包含的生物学意义。随着基因组学测序技术的不断发展,产生大量的生物学数据资源,从大数据中挖掘所蕴藏的生物学意义,已成为了当前亟待解决的主要任务之一。本文主要归纳总结基于特征基因的肝癌风险预测模型,为肝癌的早期检测、预后和治疗方案的优化提供新观点。     

游泳及抚触对新生儿体重和黄疸的影响

目的探讨游泳及抚触对新生儿体重、黄疸的影响。方法将100例正常新生儿随机均分为对照组与观察组。对照组仅接受沐浴；观察组沐浴后进行游泳和抚触，游泳分为被动泳操和婴儿自动泳操，1次／d，15min／次；抚触于游泳后按国际通用抚触法（全身按摩法）进行。观察比较两组体重和黄疸情况的差异。结果两组新生儿出生后第5天体重、黄疸指数比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0．05）。结论游泳及抚触有益于新生儿体重的增长和黄疸指数的降低。     

可控性回结肠膀胱术10例报告

对１０例膀胱癌患者施行根治性全膀胱切除可控性回肠膀胱术，经随访，除１例术后２年因肿瘤转移至盆腔骨关节及肺部而死上，９例均健在，可控自行导尿，无漏尿及返流现象，结果表明，这种用结肠去管重建，用缩窄的末段回肠做输出道的贮尿囊，可控性能好，容量大，电解质紊乱轻，插管容易，不影响肾功能，并发症少，临床观察效果满意。     

猕猴对不同极化方向微波辐射能量吸收的研究

为提供微波辐射安全标准必要的数据，研究了不同极化方向微波辐射能量对猕猴的影响。实验在医学微波无反射室中进行，分为电场，磁场和微波传输方向极化组，辐射频率１ＧＨｚ，用红外热图技术，对暴露在三种极化方向电磁场中猕猴面部各解剖特片部位及胸部在辐射前后进行温度变化的定量分析。     

Nonspecific mitochondrial disease with epilepsy in children: diagnostic approaches and epileptic phenotypes

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to characterize epileptic phenotypes in children with nonspecific mitochondrial disease (MD) and to evaluate MD diagnostic approaches. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical, electroencephalogram, and laboratory records of 142 patients with epilepsy was performed. The patients were evaluated for MD, and 124 patients were included in the final cohort. The MD criteria used included an oral glucose lactate stimulation test (OGLST) and urine organic acid/plasma amino acid (UOA/PAA) assays as metabolic indicators of modified Walker criteria, as suggested by Bernier et al. (Neurology 59:1406-1411, 2002). RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were classified as having definite MD (9), probable MD (5), possible MD (6), or pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency (3), including one patient which showed a respiratory chain (RC) defect and PDH deficiency. Seven out of eight patients in whom significant RC defects were observed showed complex I defects. In 14 patients, epileptic seizures start at infantile ages. Of 17 patients who substantially presented generalized seizures, 4 patients started with partial seizures. Five patients consistently presented only partial seizures. The OGLST and UOA/PAA assays were useful for a more precise diagnosis of MD, although low positive predictive value of the OGLST was regrettable. No patient was classified as definite MD by Walker's original criteria, but the use of our revised MD criteria resulted in the classification of nine additional patients as definite MD. CONCLUSIONS: MD manifested considerable diverse epileptic phenotypes and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of epilepsy in children with unexplained encephalomyopathy and progressive and fluctuating clinical courses.     

肿瘤介入治疗的现状及存在问题

通过回顾国内肿瘤介入治疗的进展,分析其适应证、治疗规范和存在问题,并对肿瘤介入工作的业务培训、科间协作及病房管理等相关问题进行初步探讨.     

胰岛素抑制突变亨廷顿蛋白的聚积和毒性

目的:探讨胰岛素对细胞内突变亨廷顿蛋白(Huntingtin,htt)聚集物形成及其细胞毒性的影响.方法:利用脂质体转染法在培养的Hela细胞和HEK293细胞瞬时或稳定转染编码正常或突变htt的氨基末端片段的cDNA,检测不同浓度胰岛素刺激对细胞内突变htt聚集物形成以及细胞活力的影响.结果:在瞬时转染的Hela细胞和稳定转染的HEK293细胞中,含20个谷氨酰胺重复序列(20Q)的正常htt氨基末端片段弥散分布在胞浆内,而含150个谷氨酰胺重复序列(150Q)的突变htt氨基末端片段在多数细胞胞浆或核内形成聚集物.150Q的Hela和HEK293细胞经一定浓度的胰岛素刺激后聚集物的形成显著减少,细胞活力也明显提高.而胰岛素的刺激对20Q的细胞内正常htt的表达以及细胞活力无明显影响.结论:胰岛素能有效抑制细胞内突变htt聚集物的形成及其细胞毒性.     

发挥远程教育优势推进医学继续教育发展

《教育部关于加强高校网络教育学院管理提高教学质量的若干意见》中强调指出：高校网络教育学院要以在职人员的继续教育为主，要充分发挥网络教育的优势，为在职人员更新知识、增强技能、不断学习、不断提高提供良好的服务。然而，要使医学院校在开展继续教育中发挥更大的作用，推进医学继续教育的发展，远程教育不仅是解决这一问题的有效途径，而且将成为开展医学继续教育的强大动力。