骨钙素酶免疫检测方法的研究和应用

目的：建立骨钙素酶免疫测定方法，并应用于临床检测血清骨钙素。方法：应用了3种检测模式，根据检测灵敏度、剂量反应曲线的形态进行分析，选择出合适的模式进一步应用于临床血清标本的骨钙素检测。结果：所采用的骨钙素单克隆抗体是钙离子依赖型的。固相抗原竞争法适合于临床定量测定骨钙素。最低可测限为1．4μg/L;20μg/L骨钙素样品批内CV＝3．98％，批间CV＝12．67％。测定正常献血员140名（年龄17－45岁），第5－95百分位点的骨钙素含量，男性为7．5－15．0μg/L女性为7.0-17.5μg/L。70例疑有骨质疏松症患者血清骨钙素含量2．91－30．20μg/L，以第95百分位点的骨钙素含量为cut-off值，升高5例。与进口试剂盒（Novocalcin,USA）相比较，有较好的相关性，r=0.81。结论：固相抗原竞争法酶免疫测定可以灵敏地检测血清中骨钙素含量，有实用价值。     

胃粘膜上皮“适应性细胞保护”机制防止胃肿瘤发生的作用

投用致癌剂的对照组其胃肿瘤发生率为22.2％。若同时给予40％Z醇液空腹灌胃,则胃肿瘤发生率达55.9％。如在给乙醇液前15分钟,先给予4％的辣椒煎液灌胃,则胃肿瘤发生率只有20.0％,相近于对照组的水平(后2组差别有极显著意义,P<0.01)。这种给损伤剂(乙醇)之前先给予微刺激剂(辣椒)所产生的胃粘膜的保护作用,是通过促使胃粘膜上皮细胞合成内源性前列腺素(PGs)来实现的,是一种“适应性细胞保护”机制。这种保护胃粘膜的作用可降低胃肿瘤的发生率。     

屈膝过程中的胫股运动特性分析

本文采用三维位移测量方法，测试１０例离体人膝标本的胫股关节三维运动特性。发现屈膝过程中，胫股运动也具有典型的三维运动特点。其中在屈膝初期的３０°内，胫骨内旋最明显并伴有胫骨内翻现象，平均内旋８°，内翻６－７ｍｍ，膝关节完全伸直时胫股扣锁使膝关节稳定，屈曲时胫股“解锁”使膝关节松弛，具重要的临床意义，同时提示，在解释传统的胫股扣锁现象时不应遗漏伴随发生的胫骨内／外翻现象。     

周围性面神经损伤患者对侧神经支配的研究

目的　通过测定面神经损伤患者组及大学生志愿者组面神经各分支对侧神经支配率 ,探讨周围性面肌瘫痪恢复过程中面神经对侧代偿支配的问题。方法　分别测定大学生志愿者 2 2例( 2 2侧 )及 10 8例面神经损伤患者的面神经电图对其对侧神经支配率进行分析其中损伤组又按发病原因不同 ,分为医源性损伤组、Bell氏面瘫组和创伤性损伤组 ,测试损伤支数为Ⅰ支 76支 ,Ⅱ支 81支 ,Ⅲ支 88支 ,Ⅳ支 6 6支。结果　①损伤组 3组间对侧支配率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;②损伤组Ⅰ、Ⅱ支对侧支配率明显高于志愿者组 (P <0 0 0 1) ;③损伤组Ⅰ支对侧支配率明显高于Ⅱ支(P <0 0 0 1)。结论　面神经损伤后 ,存在对侧神经支配功能增强的表现     

新型无机絮凝剂POLY A-F处理印染废水的研究

本文采用新型无机絮凝剂FOLY A-F联合木炭柱处理针织厂印染废水取得较为满意的效果。废水CODCr含量的波动范围为161.8～483.6ppm;固体悬浮物95.5～442ppm;pH8.4～11.6。经本方法处理后,溶液基本上无色透明,固体悬浮物近于0,CODCr含量少于100ppm,CODCr去除率为77.9%。以上四项检测指标均达到国家规定的排放标准。适用于处理中、小型针织厂的废水。     

膝关节 Q 角变化规律的实验研究

本研究利用精密三维位移测读仪，研究分析了Ｑ角的变化趋势，以及对髌股关节运动的影响。研究结果表明，Ｑ角是一空间夹角，随屈膝角的增大而增大。力线在平面上的投影所呈的平面夹角Ｑｐ也就是通常所指的Ｑ角，在屈膝１５°左右达最大，而在９０°左右达最小。整个屈膝过程中，ＱＰ在５°－１５°之间变化，变化幅度达１０°左右。     

Monophasic action potential recordings during acute changes in ventricular loading induced by the Valsalva manoeuvre.

OBJECTIVE--The strong association between ventricular arrhythmia and ventricular dysfunction is unexplained. This study was designed to investigate a mechanism by which a change in ventricular loading could alter the time course of repolarisation and hence refractoriness. A possible mechanism may be a direct effect of an altered pattern of contraction on ventricular repolarisation and hence refractoriness. This relation has been termed contraction-excitation feedback or mechano-electric feedback. METHODS--Monophasic action potentials were recorded from the left ventricular endocardium as a measure of the time course of local repolarisation. The Valsalva manoeuvre was used to change ventricular loading by increasing the intrathoracic pressure and impeding venous return, and hence reducing ventricular pressure and volume (ventricular unloading). PATIENTS--23 patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterisation procedures: seven with no angiographic evidence of abnormal wall motion or history of myocardial infarction (normal), five with a history of myocardial infarction but with normal wall motion, and 10 with angiographic evidence of abnormal wall motion--with or without previous infarction. One patient was a transplant recipient and was analysed separately. SETTING--Tertiary referral centre for cardiology. RESULTS--In patients with normal ventricles during the unloading phase of the Valsalva manoeuvre (mean (SD)) monophasic action potential duration shortened from 311 (47) ms to 295 (47) ms (p less than 0.001). After release of the forced expiration as venous return was restored the monophasic action potential duration lengthened from 285 (44) ms to 304 (44) ms (p less than 0.0001). In the group with evidence of abnormal wall motion the direction of change of action potential duration during the strain phase was normal in 7/21 observations, abnormal in 6/21, and showed no clear change in 8/21. During the release phase 11/20 observations were normal, five abnormal, and four showed no clear change. In those with myocardial infarction four out of five patients had changes that resembled those with normal ventricles but the changes were less pronounced. There were no differences in any of the three groups between the changes in monophasic action potential duration in patients taking beta blockers and those who were not. The changes in monophasic action potential duration in the transplanted heart resembled those in the group with normal ventricles. Inflections on the repolarisation phase of the monophasic action potential consistent with early afterdepolarisations were seen in three of the patients with abnormal wall motion and in none of those with normal wall motion. CONCLUSIONS--These results are further evidence that changes in ventricular loading influence repolarisation. When wall motion was abnormal the effects on regional endocardial repolarisation were often opposite in direction to those when it was normal. Thus regional differences in wall motion could generate local electrophysiological inhomogeneity which may be relevant to the association of arrhythmia with impaired left ventricular function.     

包裹胰岛微囊的物理性能研究

用３％海藻酸钠及２．２％ＣａＣｌ＿２所制备的微囊在高流速及高浓度的蔗糖溶液冲击下未见破裂，且微囊包裹活细胞经过二小时的剧烈搅拌，亦无损漏。改进法所制备的微囊具有良好的机械强度，其物理性能已达到临床进行包膜胰岛移植治疗糖尿病的要求。     

老年病毒性肝炎62例临床分析

本文分析62例老年病毒性肝炎。曾查感染标志者42.4%为乙型肝炎,仅1例为甲型肝炎。重症、慢性、瘀胆性分别为24.2%,25.8%,12.9%,均显著高于其他年龄组肝炎。83.9%为黄疸性,部份病例曾疑为肝外梗阻.61.3%有并发症。发生肝昏迷、上消化道大出血、原发性腹膜炎或肝肾综合征者大多病死。病死率为19.4%,远较其他年龄组肝炎高。提示老年人原因未明的不完全梗阻性黄疸宜先进行内科治疗。老年病毒性肝炎应注意加强综合治疗、预防和及时控制并发症。     

选择性肠道清洁法对重症烫伤大鼠肠源性内毒素血症的影响

本实验采用大鼠４０％Ⅲ°烫伤模型，初步观察了选择性肠道清洁法（ＳＤＤ）对肠源性内毒素血症的防治效果。结果发现，防治组动物门、体循环内毒素水平伤后均显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），各段肠腔内游离内毒素含量较烫伤对照组下降９９．５％以上。且肠道细菌易位率致伤１～５天都明显减少，回肠粘膜二胺氧化酶活性逐渐恢复。防治组大鼠严重烫伤５天存活率提高２６．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本结果提示，该方法对于重症烫伤大鼠肠源性内毒素血症具有显著防护效应，并能抑制肠道细菌的移居与减轻肠粘膜的进一步损害。因此，及早进行ＳＤＤ可能有助于烧伤后肠源性感染及其它并发症的防治。