Transplantation of an eight-organ multivisceraI graft in a patient with frozen abdomen after complicated Crohn's disease

To report an extended multivisceral transplantation (MVTx) including right kidney and ascending colon in a patient with complicated Crohn's disease (CD). A 36-year old female suffering from short bowel syndrome and frozen abdomen due to fistulizing CD after multiple abdominal operations underwent MVTx of eight organs including stomach, pancreatoduodenal complex, liver, intestine, ascending colon, right kidney, right adrenal gland, and greater omentum in November 2003. Immunosuppression consisted of alemtuzumab, tacrolimus and steroids. The patient was off parenteral nutrition by postoperative wk 3. She experienced one episode of pneumonia. The patient recovered completely and discharged 2.5 mo and was doing well 30 mo after MVTx. This is one of the very rare cases in which a complete mulitivisceral graft of eight abdominal organs was transplanted orthotopically.     

Ligustrazine inhibits high voltage-gated Ca~(2+) and TTX-resistant Na~+ channels of primary sensory neuron and thermal nociception in the rat:a study on peripheral mechanism

Objective Ligustrazine, also named as tetramethylpyrazine, is a compound purified from Ligusticum chuanxiong hort and has ever been testified to be a calcium antagonist. The present investigation was to determine the antinoci-ceptive effect of ligustrazine and, if any, the peripheral ionic mechanism involved. Methods Paw withdrawal Latency ( PWL) to noxious heating was measured in vivo and whole-cell patch recording was performed on small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Results Intraplantar injection of ligustrazine (0.5 mg in 25μl) significantly prolonged the withdrawal latency of ipsilateral hindpaw to noxious heating in the rat. Ligustrazine not only reversibly inhibited high-voltage gated calcium current of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron in dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 1.89 mmol/L, but also decreased tetrodotoxin (TTX) -resistant sodium current in relatively selective and dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.49 mmol/L. Conclusion The results suggested that ligustrazine could elevate the threshold of thermal nociception through inhibiting the high-voltage gated calcium current and TTX-resistant sodium current of DRG neuron in the rat.     

超声心动图对心肌梗死范围诊断与心电图诊断的对比

目的:为了更准确地定位心肌梗死,为临床提供可靠的治疗依据。方法:对90例患者心电图(ECG)定位与超声心动图的定位进行比较。结果:两者可以相互验证。ECG所示梗死部位与超声心动图出现运动前的室壁节段大致相同,符合率78.9%,其中后壁心肌梗死21例,前间壁心肌梗死30例,广泛前壁心肌梗死16例。结论:超声心动图对心肌梗死诊断高于心电图对心肌梗死的诊断,并且可以弥补心电图对心肌梗死诊断的不足。     

构建医院安全文化 保障病人安全

医院安全文化是新近引入医院管理的新概念。从介绍医院安全文化的内涵，阐述了国际上关于病人安全问题的研究现状，分析了人们对于病人安全问题认识上的几个常见的误区，就构建医院安全文化、保障病人安全提出了一些建议和构想。     

我国整体护理实施现状

整体护理自90年代中期在我国开展以来,深受广大患者的好评,它不仅符合人们对医疗护理需求不断增长的客观形势,同时代表了护理学科改革发展的趋势。本文就近10年来实施整体护理过程中观念的转变、模式病房的创建、整体护理实施的成效、实施整体护理存在的问题、整体护理的进一步     

胰十二指肠切除术治疗胰头和壶腹部癌（230例分析）

为了解胰十二指肠切除术治疗胰头和壶腹部癌的效果。我们分析了230例胰头和壶腹部癌的主要表现，辅助捡查，手术并发症．手术死亡率．调查术后生存情况及影响病人长期存活的因素。结果发现病人出现黄疸909％，腹痛56．1％，发热32．6％．白陶土样大便13．5％。B超、CT和ERCP检查准确率分别为68．3％、79．3％和66．6％。手术并发症72例（313％)，手术死亡20例(87％)。手术并发症与出血量，营养状况，手术时间和手术操作有关系。术后1年，3年和5年存活率分别为46．9％．17．4％和5．2％，肿瘤直径，淋巴结转移和切缘状态是影响病人术后生存的因素．而肿瘤分化程度和病人年龄对生存率无明显影响。结果提示：胰头和壶腹部癌临床表现有多样性，B超和CT等辅助捡查有局限性，手术有并发症和死亡率高的危险性，5年生存率低等特性．其手术治疗远近期效果都不理想。     

Microinjection of an Adenosine A1 Agonist into the Medial Pontine Reticular Formation Increases Tail Flick Latency to Thermal Stimulation

Background: Both pain and the pharmacologic management of pain can cause the undesirable effect of sleep disruption. One goal of basic and clinical neuroscience is to facilitate rational drug development by identifying the brain regions and neurochemical modulators of sleep and pain. Adenosine is thought to be an endogenous sleep promoting substance and adenosinergic compounds can contribute to pain management. In the pontine brain stem adenosine promotes sleep but the effects of pontine adenosine on pain have not been studied. This study tested the hypothesis that an adenosine agonist would cause antinociception when microinjected into pontine reticular formation regions that regulate sleep.

Methods: The tail flick latency (TFL) test quantified the time in seconds for an animal to move its tail away from a thermal stimulus created by a beam of light. TFL measures were used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the adenosine A1 receptor agonist N6-p-sulfophenyladenosine (SPA). Pontine microinjection of SPA (0.1 [mu]g/0.25 [mu]l, 0.88 mm) was followed by TFL measures as a function of time after drug delivery and across the sleep-wake cycle.

Results: Compared with saline (control), pontine administration of the adenosine agonist significantly increased latency to tail withdrawal (P < 0.0001). The increase in antinociceptive behavior evoked by the adenosine agonist SPA was blocked by pretreatment with the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1, 3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX, 0.75 ng/0.25 [mu]l, 10 [mu]m).     

高血压病社区人群干预措施初探

目的探讨社区人群高血压病干预措施的可行性和有效性。方法对在某社区卫生服务站建立健康档案的105例高血压病患者实施3 a(2002—2005年)的干预,重点在于改变饮食结构、戒烟、限酒、增加体力活动以减轻体质量和注意控制高血压。结果实施干预措施后,患者的血压平均值明显下降;不良生活方式得到改变;由高血压导致的并发症明显下降。结论在社区开展面对广大人群高血压病的预防与控制和健康促进活动,是经济、有效的手段和途径。