全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58538篇 |
免费 | 5413篇 |
国内免费 | 4145篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 646篇 |
儿科学 | 599篇 |
妇产科学 | 564篇 |
基础医学 | 6027篇 |
口腔科学 | 874篇 |
临床医学 | 7419篇 |
内科学 | 7936篇 |
皮肤病学 | 569篇 |
神经病学 | 2778篇 |
特种医学 | 2278篇 |
外国民族医学 | 36篇 |
外科学 | 6352篇 |
综合类 | 10816篇 |
现状与发展 | 13篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 4152篇 |
眼科学 | 1624篇 |
药学 | 6339篇 |
53篇 | |
中国医学 | 4143篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4875篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 252篇 |
2023年 | 854篇 |
2022年 | 2313篇 |
2021年 | 2938篇 |
2020年 | 2398篇 |
2019年 | 1864篇 |
2018年 | 2007篇 |
2017年 | 1994篇 |
2016年 | 1797篇 |
2015年 | 2882篇 |
2014年 | 3621篇 |
2013年 | 3326篇 |
2012年 | 4839篇 |
2011年 | 5183篇 |
2010年 | 3596篇 |
2009年 | 2909篇 |
2008年 | 3375篇 |
2007年 | 3124篇 |
2006年 | 3049篇 |
2005年 | 2809篇 |
2004年 | 1835篇 |
2003年 | 1739篇 |
2002年 | 1440篇 |
2001年 | 1188篇 |
2000年 | 1111篇 |
1999年 | 1054篇 |
1998年 | 655篇 |
1997年 | 587篇 |
1996年 | 483篇 |
1995年 | 454篇 |
1994年 | 344篇 |
1993年 | 260篇 |
1992年 | 315篇 |
1991年 | 307篇 |
1990年 | 211篇 |
1989年 | 163篇 |
1988年 | 185篇 |
1987年 | 154篇 |
1986年 | 101篇 |
1985年 | 80篇 |
1984年 | 60篇 |
1983年 | 32篇 |
1982年 | 29篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 38篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Vincent Chung Liang Liu Zhaoxiang Bian Zhongzhen Zhao Wai Leuk Fong Wan Fung Kum Jing Gao Min Li 《Movement disorders》2006,21(10):1709-1715
The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines (HMs), as a monotherapy or adjunct therapy, compared to placebo or conventional approaches in the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials from both conventional and alternative medicine sources. Outcome measures were overall improvement, quality of life, reduction of levodopa dose, and adverse events. Nine studies were included, each testing a different HM. Six of the trials had limited internal validity due to major flaws in design, including the lack of proper randomization; insufficient blinding; unclear inclusive criteria in terms of diagnostic criteria, baseline staging, and duration of disease; lack of proper sample size calculation; and insufficient data analysis. Imbalances in gender and ethnicity among the patients in the included trials were observed. No major adverse events emerged, and no specific pattern was detected from the trials describing such data. In addition to major methodological defects, heterogeneity in (1) HM tested, (2) control treatment, and (3) outcome measure hindered in-depth data analysis and synthesis. Current evidence is insufficient to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various HMs. Further studies with improved trial design and reporting, with assessment on cost-effectiveness, quality of life, and qualitative data are warranted. 相似文献
2.
3.
BACKGROUND: Moderate hypothermia is one of the effective therapeutic methods for head injury in recent years, there are many mechanisms of moderate hypothermia for brain protection, and its influence on cerebral oxygenation is also one of them.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation of animals with acute intracranial hypertension, and further investigate the protective mechanism of moderate hypothermia.
DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
MATERIALS: Twenty healthy little pigs, either male or female, weighing 4.5–5.5 kg, were used. Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system (Diametrics Company, British); CMA/100 micro-injection pump (Carnegie Company, Sweden).
METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in November, 2001. The pigs were randomized into two groups: the normothermia group (control group, n =10) and moderate hypothermia group (n =10). ① Bilateral femoral arteries were separated, one was connected to pressometer for monitoring mean arterial pressure (MEP), and the other for analysis of blood gases [including peripheral blood pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), HCO3–]. ② Rectal temperature was monitored with mercurial thermometer. ③ Intracranial pressure was monitored using Camino optic ICP probe placed in the subdural space. ④ Neurotrend multiparameter monitoring sensor was inserted into the white matter for about 4 cm to determine cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP, CPP=MAP(ICP), brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), HCO3– and brain temperature. The rectal temperature of animals in the moderate hypothermia group was lowered to 34 ℃ using ice bags, and the body temperature was maintained at 33–35 ℃ for 2 hours. The changes of the parameters were observed continuously, and the pigs in the normothermia group were not treated with cooling.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP; Indexes of cerebral oxygenation detected with Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system; ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group.
RESULTS: All the 20 pigs were involved in the analysis of results. ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP and indexes of cerebral oxygenation: In the moderate hypothermia group, the ICP after cooling was obviously lower than that before cooling [(3.31±1.19), (5.33±0.95) kPa, P < 0.05], CCP was higher, brain tissue PCO2 [(12.03±1.73), (10.59±2.01) kPa, P < 0.05], and brain tissue pH value was higher [(7.03±1.63), (9.40±1.30) kPa, P < 0.05], whereas the brain temperature was decreased as compared with that before cooling [(34.9±0.3), (37.2±0.2) ℃, P < 0.05]. ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group: There were no significant differences in the parameters of peripheral arterial blood gases analysis before and after cooling in the moderate hypothermia group (P > 0.05)
CONCLUSION: Moderate hypothermia will not impair the cerebral oxygenation, and it can reduce brain tissue CO2 and decrease brain tissue acidosis. 相似文献
4.
目的 观察急性大血管闭塞性轻型卒中患者血管内治疗的疗效及安全性。
方法 回顾性分析2018年1月-2019年5月行血管内治疗的急性大血管闭塞性轻型卒中(NIHSS评分
≤5分)患者的临床资料。观察术后血管成功再通率(mTICI≥2b级)、围手术期并发症、90 d良好预后率
(mRS评分≤2分)等。
结果 共纳入13例患者,平均年龄58.7±14.5岁,男性11例(84.6%)。术后血管成功再通率100%;围
手术期并发症2例,假性动脉瘤1例、无症状性颅内出血1例;90 d良好预后率100%。
结论 急性大血管闭塞性轻型卒中行血管内治疗可能是安全、有效的。 相似文献
5.
用视诱发电位和富里叶变换作视力客观估计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究用图形视觉诱发电位(PVEP)和离散富里叶变换(DFT)作视力客观估计的方法。方法:检测对象为33只正常眼。用翻转频率为10次/秒,条纹张角分别为30、20、18、12、10、6、4和2弧分的垂直方波光栅图形刺激,记录相应的稳态图形视诱发电位。用离散富里叶交换提取WEP频谱中10Hz成分的幅值。以光栅条纹张角为横坐标、相应的VEP频谱幅值为纵坐标作关系曲线,取阈值附近的近似线性部分的数据点作直线回归,用外推法求得阈值和视力。结果:比较VEP所测之视力与用国际标准视力表所测之视力,可见在本研究中70%的受检眼VEP视力估计较准确。结论:用本研究中的VEP技术客观地测量视力可靠性较高。眼科学报1997;13:59~61。 相似文献
6.
多囊卵巢综合征患者卵巢间质胰岛素样生长因子受体的表达 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:探讨肥胖及非肥胖多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者卵巢间质胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-Ⅰ)受体基因的定量表达。方法:用逆转录基因扩增技术(RT-PCR),检测35例PCOS患者(肥胖组15例,非肥胖组20例)及20例正常妇女(对照组)卵巢间质细胞IGF-Ⅰ受体mRNA的表达量(灰度比值)。并对IGF-Ⅰ受体基因mRNA逆转录的cDNA产物进行限制性内切酶酶切分析。结果:PCOS两组IGF-Ⅰ受体基因的表达量显著高于对照组,PCOS两组灰度比值为1.184±0.240,对照组灰度比值为0.999±0.086(P<0.001)。非肥胖组(1.238±0.387)明显大于肥胖组(1.058±0.109,P<0.1)。酶切分析证实,3组IGF-Ⅰ受体基因扩增片段相同,PCOS两组未发现明显的碱基突变存在。结论:PCOS患者卵巢间质IGF-Ⅰ受体基因呈过度表达。且PCOS非肥胖患者局部IGF-I受体表达高于PCOS肥胖患者。 相似文献
7.
8.
The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to accelerate recovery from severe neutropenia and to decrease the incidence of documented infections after intensive chemotherapy in cancer patients. However, the routine prophylactic use of G-CSF is expensive. This study was conducted to determine the role of G-CSF as adjunct therapy for septicemia following neutropenia caused by chemotherapy in children with acute leukemia. Fifty consecutive episodes of septicemia were studied involving 34 episodes of Gram-negative, 7 episodes of Gram-positive, 5 episodes of polymicrobial bacterial septicemia, one episode of fungemia, and 3 episodes of disseminated fungal infection. In the first 25 episodes, G-CSF was not used (group A). For the next 16 episodes, G-CSF 200 μg per square meter per day subcutaneously was given immediately after the septicemia was documented until the absolute neutrophil count was maintained at more than 1,500 per cubic millimeter (group B). Thereafter, G-CSF at the same dose as that of group B was prophylactically used in all the children who received high-dose cytosine arablnc-side-containing regimens. Nine episodes of septicemia occurred (group C). The incidences of mortality per episode of septicemia in groups A, B, and C were 12.0% (3/25), 12.5% (2/16) and 0% (0/9), respectively. Statistically, there was no difference between the three groups overall and in pair-wise comparisons (all P > 0.5). The durations of G-CSF administration in group B ranged from 6 to 26 days with a median of 12 days and the durations of G-CSF administration in group C ranged from 10 to 23 days with a median of 19 days. With or without G-CSF, there may be no significant difference in the mortality of septicemia following neutropenia caused by chemotherapy in children with acute leukemia. 相似文献
9.
目的:观察环境温度的改变对MⅡ期人卵纺锤体结构的影响.方法:40例非男性因素的不孕妇女,将常规体外授精后未受精的MⅡ期卵子置于室温(23~25℃)直至纺锤体消失.于纺锤体消失后,将卵子分成3个实验组:1组纺锤体消失后立即复温(n=8);2组纺锤体消失后室温下静置5 min再复温(n=6);3组纺锤体消失后室温下静置10 min再复温(n=6).卵子复温后5 min,10 min,2 h分别观察纺锤体的复现情况.结果:20个未受精的MⅡ期卵子置于室温下5 min内纺锤体均消失.1组中的8个卵子,2组中的6个卵子复温后再次观测到了MⅡ期纺锤体.3组中的6个卵子只有3个卵子再次出现了MⅡ期纺锤体.对照组的18个卵子放置于37℃恒温板上观察30 min,纺锤体均未见消失.结论:MⅡ期卵子纺锤体对环境温度的改变非常敏感.温度降低将导致纺锤体消失,随着时间的延长,纺锤体复现几率明显减少. 相似文献
10.
Kuo-Sheng Hung MD Phd Chung-Ling Liang MD Cheng-Haung Wang MD Hsueh-Wen Chang PhD Naeun Park MS Suh-Hang Hank Juo MD PhD 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2004,11(8):849-853
Frontal intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a common result of cranial trauma. Outcome differences between bilateral and unilateral frontal ICH are not well studied but would be valuable to predict prognosis in clinical practice. Two aims are proposed in this study: first to compare the risk of developing delayed ICH after bilateral or unilateral frontal ICH, and second to determine the variables helpful to predict outcome according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Between January 1993 and December 1997, 694 consecutive patients with traumatic ICH were admitted to the Chang Gung Medical Center within 24 h of the trauma. Patients with ICH in sites other than the frontal lobes were excluded. A total of 161 cases (mean age 46.3+/-20.3 years), including 57 bilateral (mean age 52.5+/-18.7 years) and 104 unilateral (mean age 42.9+/-20.5 years) traumatic frontal ICH were studied. Twenty-eight of 57 patients (49%) with bifrontal ICH versus 17 of 104 patients (16%) with unilateral frontal ICH had a further, delayed ICH. In 42 of 45 patients (93%) with delayed ICH, this occurred within 5 days of the initial trauma. Multivariate logistic regression was used to select significant predictors of outcome. We found that delayed ICH (p<0.001), age (p=0.004) and mechanism of injury (p=0.001) explained the worse outcome in patients with bifrontal ICH. The best-fitting logistic regression model included three variables: delayed ICH (p=0.011), initial GCS (p=0.023), and a sum score of clinical and radiological variables (p=0.003). Bifrontal ICH tended to occur in older patients after a fall and was associated with a higher risk of developing delayed ICH or brain stem compression compared to unilateral ICH damage. Using these three variables - delayed ICH, initial GCS, and the sum score - in a logistical regression model is useful to predict outcome in patients with traumatic frontal ICH and may aid patient management. 相似文献