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1.
目的通过Meta分析评价安宁疗护对社区临终患者生活质量的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、ScienceDirect、MEDLINE、Cochrane Library、SAGE数据库、中国知网、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库中安宁疗护对社区临终患者的随机对照试验,由2名研究人员独立筛选文献并提取资料,对符合质量标准的随机对照试验进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7篇文献,包括1095名社区临终患者。Meta分析结果显示,安宁疗护可以改善社区临终患者的总体生活质量(SMD=0.48,95%CI0.07~0.88,P=0.02)和情绪功能(SMD=1.27,95%CI0.59~1.95,P<0.001),在改善生活质量的躯体功能、角色功能、认知功能和社会功能水平上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论安宁疗护能改善社区临终患者的总体生活质量和情绪功能,但对生活质量其他功能的改善情况还需要设计更加规范、多中心、大样本的随机对照试验进一步证实。 相似文献
2.
中药生产过程质量控制关键技术研究进展 总被引:10,自引:8,他引:2
中医药发展已上升到国家战略层面,在医药行业贯彻实施"中国制造2025"战略的新形势下,中药生产过程质量控制是中药工业需要加快突破的关键领域之一。对中药生产过程质量控制领域在工艺设计、分析检测、过程建模、制造装备等方面的关键共性问题进行解析,综述了中药生产过程质量控制体系中工艺过程理解、生产过程实时分析方法开发、过程控制策略建立3个方面的研究进展;并结合企业研究实践,介绍了质量源于设计(quality by design,Qb D)、过程分析技术(process analytical technology,PAT)、实验设计(design of experiment,DOE)、多变量统计分析等关键技术在上述3个研究方向中的应用进展,分析了实际工业应用的难点问题并对其应用前景进行展望,旨在为中药企业应用和提升生产过程质量控制技术提供参考。 相似文献
3.
Based on the physical randomization of completely randomized experiments, in a recent article in Statistics in Medicine, Rigdon and Hudgens propose two approaches to obtaining exact confidence intervals for the average causal effect on a binary outcome. They construct the first confidence interval by combining, with the Bonferroni adjustment, the prediction sets for treatment effects among treatment and control groups, and the second one by inverting a series of randomization tests. With sample size n, their second approach requires performing O(n4)randomization tests. We demonstrate that the physical randomization also justifies other ways to constructing exact confidence intervals that are more computationally efficient. By exploiting recent advances in hypergeometric confidence intervals and the stochastic order information of randomization tests, we propose approaches that either do not need to invoke Monte Carlo or require performing at most O(n2)randomization tests. We provide technical details and R code in the Supporting Information . Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
Tian-Yuan Xiong Fang-Yang Huang Qi Liu Yong Peng Yuan-Ning Xu Jia-Fu Wei 《Annals of medicine》2020,52(7):361-366
Abstract
Background
Comorbidities are commonly seen in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the clinical implication is not yet well-delineated. We aim to characterize the prevalence and clinical implications of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. 相似文献5.
目的 分析H型高血压患者的舌面诊图像颜色参数特征,探讨H型高血压患者的舌诊、面诊变化规律。方法 运用上海中医药大学自行研制的Smart TCM-1型中医舌面一体仪,采集高血压患者舌面诊图像,提取特征参数,分析健康对照组、H型高血压组与非H型高血压组患者舌面颜色参数特征。结果 ①在舌色各项参数中,H型高血压组舌尖部R值、B值、V值均显著小于健康对照组(P < 0.01);非H型高血压组舌尖部B值显著小于健康对照组(P < 0.01),S值较健康对照组显著增大(P < 0.05);H型高血压组舌尖部R、V值均明显小于非H型高血压组(P < 0.05)。在舌苔各项参数中,H型高血压组舌中H值、V值均明显小于健康对照组(P < 0.05);非H型高血压组舌中V值、舌右V值均显著小于健康对照组(P < 0.01);H型高血压组舌中H值明显小于非H型高血压组(P < 0.05),右侧舌苔S值明显大于非H型高血压组(P < 0.05)。②H型高血压组面色参数鼻G值、下颌G值、口唇R值、口唇V值均明显小于健康对照组(P < 0.05);非H型高血压组前额H值、目眶H值、脸颊H值、鼻H值、下颌H值、整体H值均明显大于健康对照组(P < 0.05);H型高血压组前额H值、目眶G值、目眶H值、脸颊H值、鼻G值、鼻H值、下颌R值、下颌G值、下颌H值、下颌V值、口唇R值、口唇G值、口唇V值、整体R值、整体G值、整体H值、整体V值均明显小于非H型高血压组(P < 0.05)。结论 H型高血压患者苔色偏黄,以舌中部为主,且舌右侧黄苔积聚较明显;H型高血压患者面色为黄中带红,口唇、下颌部更为晦暗。H型高血压患者的舌、面诊特征参数的变化,与高血压病阳亢湿盛病机相符。 相似文献
6.
当利用放射线对胸部恶性肿瘤进行治疗时,位于纵隔的心脏会不可幸免受到照射,从而诱发放射性心脏损伤(radiation-induced heart disease, RIHD)。随着手术以及放化疗技术的提升,肿瘤患者生存时间得到延长,使得RIHD这一放疗远期并发症被越来越多的报道。因此,学者们对于RIHD的研究逐渐升温。目前国内外学者关于该疾病尚未形成统一的认识,临床上缺乏有效阻止其发生的方法。动物模型研究可为临床该疾病治疗及预防提供可靠证据,为此本文回顾分析近年来放射性心脏损伤动物模型实验研究情况,旨在为后续实验开展及临床应用提供参考。 相似文献
7.
Dexamethasone treatment attenuates early seawater instillation-induced acute lung injury in rabbits. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Ding Xinmin Duan Yunyou Peng Chaosheng Feng Huasong Zhou Pingkun Meng Jiguang Xue Zhiqian Xu Qinzhi 《Pharmacological research》2006,53(4):372-379
There is very little evidence on the value of giving corticoids in cases of seawater drowning induced acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether dexamethasone treatment can attenuate seawater instillation-induced acute lung injury in rabbits. Seawater (4 ml/kg body weight) was instilled into the lower trachea of ventilated, anesthetized rabbits. Then these rabbits were assigned randomly 20 min later to receive intravenous injection of 1mg/kg body weight of dexamethasone (dissolving in 2 ml of normal saline) or 2 ml of normal saline. All animals demonstrated immediate drops in arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and the total thoracic compliance, which were significantly improved after 2 h of dexamethasone treatment. Histopathological study also indicated that dexamethasone treatment markedly attenuated lung histopathological changes, alveolar hemorrhage and inflammatory cells infiltration with evidence of decreasing of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration in lung tissue. In addition, dexamethasone treatment reduced extravascular lung water and lung epithelial-endothelial barrier permeability, up-regulated the expression of surfactant protein-A (SP-A) and alpha-epithelial Na+ channel, and increased Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity and Na+/K+-ATPase-alpha1 protein abundance. Thus, these data indicate that dexamethasone treatment might be of benefit in patients with seawater aspiration-induced ALI. 相似文献
8.
H J Kim C H Kang Y T Kim S-W Sung J H Kim S M Lee C-G Yoo C-T Lee Y W Kim S K Han Y-S Shim J-J Yim 《The European respiratory journal》2006,28(3):576-580
Although surgical lung resection could improve prognosis in some patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), there are no reports on the optimal candidates for this surgery. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the prognostic factors for surgery in patients with MDR-TB. Patients who underwent lung resection for the treatment of MDR-TB between March 1993 and December 2004 were included in the present study. Treatment failure was defined as greater than or equal to two of the five cultures recorded in the final 12 months of treatment being positive, any one of the final three cultures being positive, or the patient having died during treatment. The variables that affected treatment outcomes were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. In total, 79 patients with MDR-TB were included in the present study. The treatment outcomes of 22 (27.8%) patients were classified as failure. A body mass index <18.5 kg x m(-2), primary resistance, resistance to ofloxacin and the presence of a cavitary lesion beyond the range of the surgical resection were associated with treatment failure. Low body mass index, primary resistance, resistance to ofloxacin and cavitary lesions beyond the range of resection are possible poor prognostic factors for surgical lung resection in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. 相似文献
9.
Weiping Ren Bin Wu Xin Peng Jing Hua Hsiao-Nan Hao Paul H Wooley 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2006,24(8):1575-1586
Signaling of RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B) through its ligand RANKL appears critical in osteolysis associated with aseptic loosening (AL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of RANK in a murine osteolysis model developed in RANK knockout (RANK(-/-)) mice. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) debris was introduced into established air pouches on RANK(-/-) mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Wild type C57BL/6 (RANK(+/+)) mice injected with either UHMWPE or saline alone were included in this study. Pouch tissues were collected 14 days after UHMWPE inoculation for molecular and histology analysis. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration, pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and RANKL. However, the UHMWPE-induced inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice was not associated with the osteoclastic bone resorption observed in RANK(+/+) mice. In RANK(+/+) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation, a large number of TRAP(+) cells were found on the implanted bone surface, where active osteoclastic bone resorption was observed. No TRAP(+) cells were found in UHMWPE-containing pouch tissues of RANK(-/-) mice. Consistent with the lack of osteoclastic activity shown by TRAP staining, no significant UHMWPE particle-induced bone resorption was found in RANK(-/-) mice. A well preserved bone collagen content (Van Gieson staining) and normal plateau surface contour [microcomputed tomography (microCT)] of implanted bone was observed in RANK(-/-) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence that UHMWPE particles induce strong inflammatory responses, but not associated with osteoclastic bone resorption in RANK(-/-) mice. This indicates that RANK signaling is essential for UHMWPE particle-induced osteoclastic bone resorption, but does not participate in UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory response. 相似文献
10.
目的探讨中原地区遗传性非息肉病性大肠癌(HNPCC)的表型特征,为制订适合我国国情的HNPCC遴选标准提供依据。方法对符合Am sterdam标准的8个家系37例患者的临床资料(A组),与随机抽调我院40例确切无家族史的大肠癌患者的临床资料(B组)进行对比分析。结果①发病年龄:A组平均46岁,B组62.6岁,平均提前16.6年;<50岁者:A组73%(27/37),B组30%(12/40),两组比较P<0.01;第1、2、3代平均发病年龄分别为69.2、46.9、34.6岁,逐代比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。②发病部位:右半结肠A组73.2%(30/41),B组39.0%(16/41),两组比较P<0.05。③同时、异时多发大肠癌:A组8.1%(3/37),B组2.5%(1/40)。④大肠外癌:A组17.1%(7/41),B组0,两组比较P<0.05。⑤合并腺瘤:A组0,B组22.5%(9/40),两组比较P<0.05。⑥组织学类型:低分化腺癌A组69.7%(23/33),B组40%(16/40),两组比较P<0.05。结论中原地区HNPCC有其独特的临床特征,国际遴选标准不能完全适用于中国人,制定适合我国国情的HNPCC遴选标准确有必要。 相似文献