Efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg in men aged 41 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss

A 24-month double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study of 424 men was conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg on hair growth/loss in men aged 41 to 60 years with mild-to-moderate, predominantly vertex male pattern hair loss. Efficacy was evaluated by review of global photographs of the vertex scalp taken at baseline and at Months 6, 12, 18, and 24 and by patient self-assessments and investigator clinical assessments of change from baseline in hair growth/loss collected at Months 6, 12, 18, and 24. Safety analyses included assessment of clinical and laboratory adverse experiences, including sexual adverse experiences. Analysis of global photographic assessment data showed significant improvement in hair growth for men in the finasteride group compared with those taking placebo beginning at Month 6 (p < 0.001) and maintained through Month 24 (p < 0.001). Results of the patient self-assessment and investigator assessments were consistent with those from the global photographic assessment. Finasteride 1 mg improved scalp hair growth in men aged 41 to 60 years with predominantly vertex male pattern hair loss compared with results seen with placebo. Improvement was evident by 6 months of treatment and continued through 24 months. Treatment with finasteride 1 mg was generally well tolerated.     

当前我国部分地区稳定性劳力型心绞痛治疗方式的调查

目的　抽样调查我国部分地区稳定性劳力型心绞痛患者的人口统计学特征及治疗方式。方法　为 4周前瞻性调查 ,每研究单位入选 1 0～ 30例连续的稳定性劳力型心绞痛门诊患者参加本研究 ,在 4周调查期内随访 2次。结果　 96 3例患者入选本研究 ,其中 91 0 %应用抗血小板药或抗凝药 ,90 7%应用长效硝酸酯类 ,6 8 3%应用 β受体阻滞剂 ,6 3 3%应用调脂药 ,5 1 5 %应用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 (ACEI) ,5 0 9%应用钙拮抗剂和 36 2 %应用曲美他嗪。在最近一次随访时 ,伴随高血压的患者血压未达目标水平 [<1 4 0 /90mmHg (1mmHg =0 1 33kPa) ]者占 86 3%,总胆固醇(TC)未达目标水平 (4 6 8mmol/L)者占 73 5 %,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)未达目标水平 (2 6 0mmol/L)者占 6 5 8%。结论　虽然近年来我国在稳定性劳力型心绞痛的治疗方面基本遵循了国际上公认的指南 ,但在控制高血压和高胆固醇血症等危险因素方面仍存在较大差距。     

The value of the bone scan and bone marrow biopsy staging small cell lung cancer

The charts of 112 patients with small cell lung cancer were reviewed in a retrospective fashion in order to define the role of the radionuclide bone scan and bone marrow biopsy in the staging of this disease. Both a radionuclide bone scan and bone marrow biopsy were performed on all patients at the time of diagnosis. Sixty-one percent of patients had a negative bone scan and negative biopsy; 22% had a positive bone scan and negative biopsy; 8% had a negative scan and positive biopsy; and 9% had a positive scan and positive biopsy. In 21 of the 44 patients with osseous involvement, no other focus of distant metastasis was found. The bone scan showed greater than or equal to 3 areas of increased uptake in 15 patients, 2 areas of increased uptake in 13 patients, and 1 area in 7 patients. The number of patients with bone marrow biopsy results positive for tumor in these 3 groups were 5, 3, and 2, respectively. Our study shows a lack of correlation between bone scan and bone marrow biopsy results. The bone scan and bone marrow biopsy identify independent patterns of osseous metastasis. Both procedures should be performed in the evaluation of patients with small cell lung cancer.     

253例中国Turner综合征患者的自然生长曲线

目的制作中国人Turner综合征（TS）自然生长曲线。研究Turner综合征患儿自然生长规律。方法对全国5省市8所医院确诊的253例TS患者治疗前的身高、体重和骨龄进行观测。同一患者的2次测量值间隔至少超过1年才作为2例次参数计,共取得289个身高值和106个骨龄值。身高值经曲线参数估计法绘制曲线并与正常女孩生长曲线进行比较。结果患儿平均出生身长为(47.2±2.5)cm,身长标准差得分（HtSDS）为-1.52。3岁至13岁各年龄组患儿平均身高及其HtSDS值随年龄增大与正常值差距增大,HtSDS从3岁的-2.11降至13岁的-4.83,患儿平均身高与同年龄正常身高均数之差由3岁的8.03cm增加至13岁的27.89cm,从13岁起逐渐减少至20岁的18.87cm。成年身高为(140.0±7.9)cm。8岁前TS患儿生长曲线     

机器人全膝关节置换术中股骨头中心的求法

介绍用于机器人全膝关节置换术的无CT定位方法中股骨头中心坐标的求解方法.其主要思想是利用股骨长度不变的事实,将确定股骨头中心的问题抽象成已知球面若干点求解球心的几何模型,将用数值方法求出的球心坐标的最优解作为股骨头中心的坐标.同时还简要介绍了无CT定位方法的主要后续步骤.     

Clinical characteristics and methods of treatment of patients with stable coronary heart disease in the primary care settings--the results of the Polish, Multicentre Angina Treatment Pattern (ATP) study

For further improvement of coronary heart disease (CHD) management large epidemiological studies are required to characterise the real population of patients with CHD, treated in the primary care settings, and to evaluate how the guidelines are implemented in the everyday clinical practice. The aim of the Angina Treatment Pattern (ATP) survey was to characterise (i) the population of patients, treated by the primary care physicians for stable CHD, (ii) the methods applied by the primary care physicians to establish diagnosis of CHD and (iii) the pharmacological therapies for CHD. Across Poland, 397 primary care physicians were randomly selected. They recruited 7420 patients (49% men; mean age, 62 +/- 10 years; range: 25-93 years), treated for stable CHD. The duration of CHD was 7.4 +/- 6.6 years (range: 6 months-50 years), 2750 (37%) patients had myocardial infarction. The following risk factors of CHD were present: arterial hypertension in 58%, dyslipidaemia in 52%, smoking in 40%, family history of CHD in 56% and obesity or overweight in 73% of patients. Primary care physicians based a diagnosis of CHD predominantly on a history of anginal pain (in 33% patients), accompanied either by abnormal resting ECG or positive exercise test (in additional 31% patients). Only in 5% of patients, coronary angiography was applied to diagnose CAD. The following groups of drugs have been used: long-acting nitrates in 90%, anti-platelet drugs or anti-coagulants in 71% (aspirin in 65%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in 51%, beta-blockers in 48%, calcium antagonists 31%, hypolipaemic drugs in 23% (statins in 10%) and metabolic agents in 16% of patients. Despite an extensive use of classical anti-anginal drugs (including at least one of the following: long-acting nitrates, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists in 95% of patients), 85% of patients still complained of anginal symptoms. Neither prevalence of angina among patients nor nitroglycerin intake depended on the number of anti-anginal drugs taken (monotherapy vs. combination therapy: 82% vs. 86% and 4.9 vs. 5.3 doses weekly, respectively). Among the primary care physicians, the methods used to establish a CHD diagnosis and the mode of CHD management are far from optimal. The results of the ATP study confirm the need for further intensification of activities to improve the process of diagnosis and management among patients with CHD, treated by the family doctors.     

Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of male‐pattern and female‐pattern hair loss, 2017 version

Male‐pattern hair loss (MPHL, androgenetic alopecia) is a slowly progressive form of alopecia which begins after puberty. In 2010, we published the first Japanese edition of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MPHL. It achieved the original goal of providing physicians and patients in Japan with evidence‐based information for choosing efficacious and safe therapy for MPHL. Subsequently, new therapeutic drugs and treatment methods have been developed, and women's perception of MPHL has undergone change and the term “female‐pattern hair loss (FPHL)” is becoming more common internationally. Thus, here we report a revised version of the 2010 guidelines aimed at both MPHL and FPHL. In these guidelines, finasteride 1 mg daily, dutasteride 0.5 mg daily and topical 5% minoxidil twice daily for MPHL, and topical 1% minoxidil twice daily for FPHL, are recommended as the first‐line treatments. Self‐hair transplantation, irradiation by light‐emitting diodes and low‐level lasers, and topical application of adenosine for MPHL are recommended, whereas prosthetic hair transplantation and oral administration of minoxidil should not be performed. Oral administration of finasteride or dutasteride are contraindicated for FPHL. In addition, we have evaluated the effectiveness of topical application of carpronium chloride, t‐flavanone, cytopurine, pentadecane and ketoconazole, and wearing a wig. Unapproved topical application of bimatoprost and latanoprost, and emerging hair regeneration treatments have also been addressed. We believe that the revised guidelines will improve further the diagnostic and treatment standards for MPHL add FPHL in Japan.     

立体辅助治疗计划系统研究进展

评述了近年来立体辅助治疗计划系统研究的进展。主要从立体辅助治疗计划系统中三维轮廓特征提取。三维实体数据的显示，立体辅助治疗计划系统的设计等三个关键技术进行了分类综述。介绍了各种方法的原理和最新进展，同时对各类方法的应用场合及前景进行了分析和评价。