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排序方式: 共有1810条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
HJ Aubin S Tilikete C Laureaux HT Nguyen Hac MC Roullet-Volmi S Troupel D Barrucand 《European psychiatry》1995,10(8)
The aim of this study was to assess alcoholic inpatients' smoking and coffee intake variation following withdrawal. Only moderate smokers (less than 30 cigarettes/day) showed a significant increase of cigarette consumption after alcohol withdrawal. However, their urinary cotinine level did not vary, suggesting a behavioral, and not biological, compensation through smoking following alcohol withdrawal. Heavy smokers (30 cigarettes/day or more) showed no significant clinical or biological variation of smoking behavior. Coffee consumption increased after alcohol withdrawal in all patients, irrespective of smoking habits. 相似文献
3.
Flumazenil exerts intrinsic activity on sleep EEG and nocturnal hormone secretion in normal controls
A. Steiger J. Guldner C. J. Lauer C. Meschenmoser T. Pollmächer F. Holsboer 《Psychopharmacology》1994,113(3-4):334-338
The physiological function of benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptors includes regulation of sleep and neuroendocrine activity. Most of the pharmacological effects of BDZ are blocked by flumazenil. However, recent neurological and behavioral studies suggest that flumazenil has its own central intrinsic activity. This issue was addressed in a study of the sleep EEG and the nocturnal secretion of growth hormone and cortisol in ten normal male controls, who were given flumazenil either alone or in combination with the BDZ agonist midazolam, placebo and midazolam alone. Flumazenil prompted an increase in sleep onset latency, a decrease in slow wave sleep and an increase in wakefulness. Plasma cortisol concentrations after flumazenil administration were lower than after midazolam. Both flumazenil and midazolam decreased nocturnal growth hormone secretion. After simultaneous application of both BDZ receptor ligands the growth hormone blunting was amplified. Our study demonstrates that at the level of the sleep EEG and neuroendocrine activity flumazenil is capable of exerting both agonistic and inverse agonistic or antagonistic effects.Parts of this study were presented at the 69th Meeting of the Deutsche Physiologische Gesellschaft, Freiburg, 6–8 March, 1991 相似文献
4.
BACKGROUND: A simple, rapid, inexpensive method for measuring the flow in a
patient's vascular access would permit routine monitoring during
haemodialysis, and hence provide information of access graft deterioration
sufficiently early to increase the success of minimally invasive remedial
procedures. This paper reports the validation of such a method in animals.
METHODS: A PTFE graft was implanted in sheep between the carotid artery and
the jugular vein. While the sheep was under general anaesthesia and on an
haemodialysis circuit, ultrasound velocity in its blood was perturbed by
the injection of a 5-10 ml bolus of isotonic NaCl. The pump tubing flow was
measured by a transit-time blood flow meter. This flow was combined with
the areas of perturbation generated by the injection before and after
mixing in the access flow to estimate graft flow. The calculated graft flow
was compared to flow measured directly by a transit-time probe on the same
carotid artery. RESULTS: Over a 10-fold range, 120-1260 ml/min, graft flow
measured by ultrasound velocity dilution agreed well with graft flow
measured directly with a scatter of 76 ml/min about the regression line.
CONCLUSION: Ultrasound velocity dilution provides a method for measuring
flow in the graft accurate enough for clinical evaluation of patients on
dialysis.
相似文献
5.
6.
M Kaplan HJ Vreman C Hammerman C Leiter B Rudensky MG MacDonald DK Stevenson 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):455-457
The incidence (%) of hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin ≥257 μmol/l) was similar in neonates with a combination of ABO incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency (45%), with ABO incompatibility (54%) or G-6-PD deficiency (37%), alone (ns). Carboxyhemoglobin values, corrected for inspired CO, were similarly elevated in all three groups (0.87 ± 0.32%, 0.82 ± 0.29%, 0.76 ± 0.18%, respectively, ns), but correlated with bilirubin only in those with ABO incompatibility alone. ABO-incompatible/G-6-PD-deficient neonates, compared with those with either condition alone, are not at increased risk for hemolysis or hyperbilirubinemia. 相似文献
7.
3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine (MDE; "Eve") exerts similar psychotropic effects in humans as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") and is less toxic in animal studies. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) study with healthy volunteers. One hundred forty milligrams of MDE or placebo were administered PO in six subjects at 11 PM. Sleep EEG was registered from 11 PM-7 AM the next morning. All subjects had a normal sleep onset latency. They all awoke 60 to 120 min after administration of MDE and stayed awake for at least 150 min (total sleep time, TST MDE < placebo and intermittent time awake MDE > placebo: p < 0.001). After again falling asleep rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was totally suppressed (REM during time in bed, TIB MDE < placebo: p < 0.001). A cyclic alternation of relatively long periods of slow wave sleep (SWS) with periods of light sleep occurred in three subjects during the second part of the night (stage 4 in second part of night MDE > placebo: p = 0.16). The effects of MDE on sleep variables largely demonstrate the stimulant, amphetamine-like properties of MDE. 相似文献
8.
H. Steiger 《Journal of basic microbiology》1993,33(2):123-130
Prophage Ψ carried along with prophage y by Serratia marcescens HY is subject of moderate curing at heteroimmune superinfection of cells from stationary phase with phage χ. Curing becomes considerably more frequent when the bacteria are non-iysogenic for y. Both Ψ, y-double-lysogenic and Ψ-single-lysogenic cells with a mutation in the ink gene are very efficiently cured of Ψ if infected by χtay, although this mutant was characterized as being deficient in transactivation of certain genes in prophage y. On the other hand to get efficiently cured after χ wild-type infection these cells too must be devoid of a y prophage. Thus a y function turned on by tay+ seems to counteract the elimination of Ψ. However, interestingly enough Ψ curing is boosted by a further y function under special circumstances. Efficient curing depends on an intact χtap gene, a gene reported to cause transactivation of certain Ψ genes. Curing at χtay infection is specifically accompanied by induction of the Ψ prophage in a part of the infected cells. However, there is no such induction at χ wild-type infection, either in the absence or presence of a y prophage. An explanation of these findings is suggested which includes an antirepressive effect exerted on Ψ and a hypothetical interaction between the products of genes tap and tay. 相似文献
9.
The effects of co-culture with human fibroblasts on human embryo development in vitro and implantation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Wetzels AM; Bastiaans BA; Hendriks JC; Goverde HJ; Punt-van der Zalm AP; Verbeet JG; Braat DD 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(5):1325-1330
In a human in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programme, the effect of co-
culture of embryos with human fibroblasts was evaluated with respect to
pregnancy rate and embryo development. Patients were included in the study
after giving informed written consent. The IVF treatments were randomly
assigned by stratification of both age (<36 versus > or =36 years)
and previous IVF attempts (yes versus no). After fertilization was
established, the zygotes were transferred to a 4-well dish with or without
fibroblasts and cultured for 2 days. On the third day after ovum pick-up
(OPU), cell number and quality [5 (good) to 1 (poor)] of the embryos were
scored and a maximum of three embryos was transferred. Supernumerary
embryos of good quality were cryopreserved. The design of this study was a
group sequential trial with the objective of detecting differences between
pregnancy rates following IVF with conventional incubation or incubation in
co-culture with fibroblasts. This design included one evaluation at
half-way data collection. In the study, 148 patients had an OPU, of whom 77
were allocated to the co-culture group. There was no statistically
significant difference in pregnancy rate, cell number and embryo quality
between the two groups. The ongoing pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was
27% in co-culture and 30% in the conventional culture group. The
implantation rates per transferred embryo were 17 and 18% respectively.
Using a multivariate logistic regression model for the probability of
ongoing pregnancies, the odds ratio of co-culture, adjusted for age and
previous IVF attempts, was not statistically significant. In conclusion,
co-culture with human fibroblasts does not contribute to an improvement of
embryo quality nor to a higher pregnancy rate after IVF in an unselected
group of patients.
相似文献
10.
Endothelin receptor expression in human decidua 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Kohnen G; Campbell S; Irvine GA; Church HJ; MacLachlan F; Titterington M; Cameron IT 《Molecular human reproduction》1998,4(2):185-193
The endothelins are signalling peptides that act via two receptors, ET(A)
and ET(B). In the human endometrium, endothelin receptors have been
demonstrated in glands and stroma and have been shown to vary during the
course of the menstrual cycle. The present study was undertaken to
determine whether or not expression of endothelin receptors changes during
pregnancy or after administration of exogenous progestagens. The expression
of the receptors was correlated with the appearance of basement membrane
components during decidualization of the endometrial stroma. Decidual
specimens (n = 15) were obtained during the first trimester of pregnancy
and 10 at term. Sixteen pairs of endometrial biopsies were obtained from
women with menorrhagia before and after exposure to exogenous progestagens.
A total of 15 hysterectomy specimens were used as controls for the
expression of stromal basement membrane proteins in the absence of
decidualization. Autoradiography was carried out with selective ligands for
ET(A) ([125I]-PD 151242) and ET(B) ([125I]-BQ3020). The distribution of
ligand binding was then compared with the distribution of laminin alpha2
light chain and collagen IV. ET(A), ET(B), laminin alpha2 light chain, and
collagen IV were expressed in stromal decidual cells in the first trimester
of pregnancy. ET(B) was also found on endometrial glandular epithelium.
Quantitative macro-autoradiography and multiple regression analysis
demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation (P < 0.001)
between expression of ET(B) and laminin alpha2 light chain. In the third
trimester qualitative examination suggested a reduction of ET(A) in the
stroma. Progestagen-induced decidua exhibited a similar pattern to that
found in first trimester decidua. This study has demonstrated up-regulation
of ET(B) during the progesterone- dependent process of decidualization and
suggests a paracrine or autocrine role for endothelins in the decidua.
相似文献