顺铂与多西紫杉醇同期放化治疗ⅡB～ⅣA期宫颈癌30例初步疗效分析

目的探讨ⅡB～ⅣA期宫颈癌低毒高效的放化联合治疗方式。方法 30例患者随机分为每周顺铂同期放化疗组(18例)和多西紫杉醇同期放化疗组(12例)。顺铂同期放化疗组化疗用药顺铂30mg/(m2?周),每周放疗的第1天同步静脉滴注,连续6周;多西紫杉醇同期放化疗组化疗用药多西紫杉醇25mg/(m2?周),每周放疗的第1天同步静脉滴注,多西紫杉醇常规抗过敏预处理,连续6周。结果两组患者总有效率91%vs83%,临床获益率91%vs89%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组随访12个月无进展生存率(PFS)比较83%vs78%,总生存率(OS)100%vs94%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但多西紫杉醇同期放化组较顺铂同期放化组治疗无论在血液系统毒副反应和非血液系统毒副反应方面都明显降低(P<0.05)。结论多西紫杉醇同期放化疗可取得不亚于顺铂同期放化治疗的疗效,但多西紫杉醇方式患者的毒副反应明显降低。     

BCL-2反义寡核苷酸对膀胱癌EJ细胞的影响

目的探讨BCL-2反义寡核苷酸对膀胱癌EJ细胞致瘤能力和对荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤的影响。方法以膀胱癌EJ细胞中加入BCL-2PS-ASO、BCL-2PS-SO、培养液共同孵育作为实验组、阴性对照组和空白对照组,处理72 h的三组细胞做集落形成及裸鼠移植瘤形成实验;向荷瘤裸鼠的肿瘤内注射上述三组药物,观察肿瘤生长情况。结果体外实验显示,上述三组克隆数分别为8.5±1.5、22±2.2、20±2.1,肿瘤重量(g)分别为1.3±0.3、3.3±0.4、3.0±0.2 g,实验组明显低于其他两组(P<0.05);体内实验显示,实验组、阴性对照组肿瘤抑制率分别为(47.6±5.41)%、(3.03±0.23)%,实验组明显高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。结论BCL-2PS-ASO能降低膀胱癌EJ细胞致瘤能力,对荷瘤裸鼠的肿瘤有抑制作用。     

Metabolic profile of Fructus Gardeniae in human plasma and urine using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution LTQ-orbitrap mass spectrometry

1. In China, Fructus Gardeniae was used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a wide array of biological activities. The bioactive components identified in Fructus Gardeniae mainly included iridoids, flavonids, pigments, and so on. Among them, iridoids were regarded as important compounds in Fructus Gardeniae. Though analyses of the constituents in biological samples after oral administration of Fructus Gardeniae effective fraction or its active compounds have been reported, few efforts have been made to investigate the metabolic profile of Fructus Gardeniae in humans. In this study, the constituents and metabolites of Fructus Gardeniae in human blood and urine after oral administration of Fructus Gardeniae were investigated using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometery.

2. Totally, 14 constituents (two parent compounds and 12 metabolites) of Fructus Gardeniae were identified in human plasma and urine either by comparing the retention time and mass spectrometry data with that of reference compounds or by the accurate high-resolution MS/MS data of the chemicals. The compounds identified were mainly iridoid glycosides such as geniposide and the derivatives of genipin-O-glucuronide. Among them, 11 metabolites were detected in human plasma and urine while the other three metabolites including geniposidic acid (M1), demethylation derivative of genipin-O-glucuronide (M2), and dehydration product of mono-hydroxylated genipin-O-glucuronide (M9) were only discovered in human urine. Further, the possible metabolic pathways of Fructus Gardeniae in vivo were proposed and the peak area–time curve of the most abundant metabolite genipin-O-glucuronide (M13) in human plasma after oral administration of Fructus Gardeniae was depicted. The results suggested that a metabolic difference existed between rats and humans.

3. The results obtained in the present research would provide basic information to understand the metabolic profile of Fructus Gardeniae in humans and explore the chemicals responsible for the hepatotoxicity of Fructus Gardeniae in vivo. Moreover, it would be beneficial for us to further study the pharmacokinetic behavior of Fructus Gardeniae in humans systematically.     

Otorhinolaryngology publication from Chinese authors: a 11-year survey of the literature

Objective: Scientific publication is the reflection of the capability of not only an individual scholar, but also a group, even a country. Over the past few decades, Chinese researchers have made great progress in medical scientific field. However, the status about the quantity and quality of the publications in otorhinolaryngology have not been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the output by Chinese authors from three regions of China: Mainland China (MC), Taiwan (TW) and Hong Kong (HK).

Methods: Literature was retrieved from the 43 otorhinolaryngology journals based on the subject category ‘otorhinolaryngology’ of the Science Citation Index Expanded (2015) from Web of Science Core Collection. The first authors of these articles were limited in three regions of China: MC, TW and HK from 2006 to 2016 by using the data mining software Thomson Data Analyzer (TDA). Evaluation criteria are based on total number of articles, impact factors (IFs), citations, articles published in high-impact journals and funding support.

Result: A total of 59,832 articles were published worldwide in 43 otorhinolaryngology related journals from 2006 to 2016. Publications from MC was rapidly increasing and the total number contributed the most articles of the China (1931/3362, 57.44%), followed by TW (1220/3362, 36.29%) and HK (211/3362, 6.28%). The quantity of annual publications from MC has exceeded that of TW since 2010. MC was in the first place for cumulative IFs, but the last place for average IF. For total and average citations, MC was in the same situation of IF. Acta Otolaryngol was the most popular journal to choose in MC, and for TW and HK was Head & Neck.

Conclusions: The total number of otorhinolaryngology articles in China increased markedly from 2006 to 2016, especially for MC. Despite the rapid growth in the number of articles from MC, the quality was not that satisfactory.     

Capture of cervical exfoliative cells on a glass slide coated by 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and poly-L-lysine

A new modification method for glass slides was developed and applied to make ThinPrep Pap smears, in order to increase the adhesion ability of cervical exfoliative cells. 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GOPS) was coated on the glass slides firstly on the slides, then poly-L-lysine (PLL) was covalently modified onto the above epoxy-terminated slides to form GOPS-PLL double decorated slides. The modified slides were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cell adhesion ability effect was tested and compared with traditional PLL coated slides by fixing the cervical exfoliative cells on the double adorned slides. The control test was conducted by the bare glass slides unmodified. The cell morphology of cervical exfoliative cells adhered on different slides was observed under the microscope after Papanicolaou staining. The number of cervical exfoliative cells on the unmodified slides, PLL coated slides and GOPS-PLL coated slides was 1030±300, 3283±226 and 4119±280 (n=12), respectively. The data among the three different modification methods showed significant differences (one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA test, P<0.05). The cell capturing effect of the GOPS-PLL slide was the best among the three different modified slides. In addition, the GOPS-PLL slide could enhance the uniformity of the adhered cells and be widely applied to the ThinPrep system for cervical carcinoma screening to increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis.     

临床乳腺检查筛查乳腺癌中降低病灶漏报率的探讨

目的 探讨临床乳腺检查筛查乳腺癌中降低病灶漏报率的方法 .方法 统计北京协和医院健康医学中心2181例女性乳腺异常病例,分析各种检查方法 的病灶漏报情况.结果 2181例中问诊及望诊降低漏报率0.5%;异常病灶2839个,多种体位联合触诊使漏报率由0.9%减至0.4%;乳腺小结节、乳腺边缘、腋窝、乳晕区病灶及腺休局限性增厚易漏报.手术组乳腺癌与良性病变比较两组之间的差别,问诊望诊异常有非常显著意义(x2=9.770,P=0.002)、触诊结节硬度差异无统计学意义(x2=1.692,P=0.193).乳腺癌病灶漏报率分别为临床检查3.7%;超声检查17.0%;钼靶检查19.4%.结论 临床乳腺检查筛查乳腺癌中降低病灶漏报率的方法 :重视问诊及望诊;依据乳腺形态灵活运用多种触诊方法 ;勿忽视乳腺边缘、腋窝及乳晕区病灶;关注触诊腺体局限性增厚;触诊结节硬度不宜作为判断乳腺癌的独立指征;避免对触诊的盲目自信或过度信赖仪器检查.     

米诺环素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

目的:研究人体生理条件下米诺环素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用机制.方法:利用荧光光谱法,并以Stern-Volmer方程确定药物与蛋白的作用类型.结果:根据不同温度下米诺环素对BSA的荧光猝灭作用,证明两者间为单一的动态猝灭过程,根据Stern-Volmer方程求出了米诺环素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的猝灭常数,并根据Fǎrster能量转移理论确定了生理条件下药物与蛋白的结合距离为3.03 nm.结论:在人体生理条件下米诺环素对牛血清白蛋白具有荧光猝灭作用且为动态猝灭过程.同步荧光技术确定米诺环素对BSA构象有一定的影响.     

小剂量顺铂同期放化治疗局部晚期宫颈癌

目的探讨小剂量顺铂同期放化治疗局部晚期宫颈癌疗效和毒副反应。方法18例患者采用每周顺铂30mg/(m2·周)同期放化治疗,每周放疗的第1天同步静脉滴注,连续6周;放疗方法:外照射放疗采用直线加速器盆腔大野DT30Gy后中央挡铅改为盆腔四野加量照射至DT50Gy,分割剂量180～200cGy/F,常规分割,盆腔四野照射期间每周局部后装铱192照射一次,每次剂量6Gy,共6次,A点剂量达3600cGy。结果小剂量顺铂同期放化治疗总有效率和临床获益率分别为83%和89%;随访12个月无进展生存率(PFS)和总生存率(OS)为78%和94%。结论小剂量顺铂同期放化疗效可靠,毒副反应安全可耐受。