球囊扩张术让患者顺畅饮食

正案例回放老蒋今年60岁,几年前从忙碌的工作岗位退下来后一时难以适应,加上儿女都不在身边,倍感无聊,便将大把的时间都拿来打牌,还隔三差五和牌友们喝酒聊天,几乎从来不运动,作息时间也很不规律。一年前,老蒋因突发脑卒中入院,因治疗及时,基本恢复了健康。但由于脑部受损,咽喉部肌肉受损严重,影响了吞咽功能,老蒋只能通过管道食用流质食物,甚至连"咽口水"这一简单的动作都难以完成,每     

Angiotensin-(1–7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by enhancing autophagic activity in Parkinson's disease

Abnormal accumulation ofα-synuclein contributes to the formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra,which is considered the typical pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease.Recent research indicates that angiotensin-(1-7)plays a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson's disease,but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we used intraperitoneal administration of rotenone to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks to establish a Parkinson's disease model.We investigated whether angiotensin-(1-7)is neuroprotective in this model by continuous administration of angiotensin-(1-7)into the right substantia nigra for 4 weeks.We found that angiotensin-(1-7)infusion relieved characteristic parkinsonian behaviors and reducedα-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra.Primary dopaminergic neurons were extracted from newborn Sprague-Dawley rat substantia nigras and treated with rotenone,angiotensin-(1-7),and/or the Mas receptor blocker A-779 for 24 hours.After binding to the Mas receptor,angiotensin-(1-7)attenuated apoptosis andα-synuclein aggregation in rotenone-treated cells.Primary dopaminergic neurons were also treated with angiotensin-(1-7)and/or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours.Angiotensin-(1-7)increasedα-synuclein removal and increased the autophagy of rotenone-treated cells.We conclude that angiotensin-(1-7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by alleviating autophagy dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and angiotensin-(1-7)has potential therapeutic value for Parkinson's disease.All experiments were approved by the Biological Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital(approval No.DWSY-2000932)in January 2020.     

周末退守“南泥湾”

那天吃晚饭,一家人又例行公式讨论周末的“节目”,越讨论越觉得兴味索然。打麻将熬白了脸,逛街逛软了腿,轮流聚餐累瘫了人,回归大自然的野游也打不得“持久战”。妻子说:“到乡下租块地搞‘休闲农业’,怎么样?”我和读初二的儿子当即拍手称绝。次日,我跟乡下的一位亲戚一商量,他便爽快地把一分地租给了我。     

休闲场合的穿衣之道

旅游着装旅游时一定要轻装。因此,带的衣服以实用为原则,裙裤最适合旅游,它兼有裙和裤的优点,方便凉爽还可增添几分潇洒,薄质的牛仔衣裙也较适宜。容易起皱、比较娇贵的衣服最好别带,因为旅途中没法侍候他们。无论春夏秋冬,旅游时都可以穿旅游鞋,它轻便结实,不管在山地或坡路都能行走自如。野营着装野营是一种很有浪漫情调的活动,衣服的穿着也应该浪漫些,但要适合野外的活动,因而衣料的质地不要太精细。最佳的选择是粗衣布裤,例如一件棉布上装和粗     

C57小鼠源性淋巴瘤的基因枪途径抗肿瘤免疫研究

[目的]诱导C57小鼠建立有效的抗肿瘤免疫.[方法]用基因枪途径给C57小鼠腹部接种含有粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)基因的质粒,24h后在同一部位注射FBL3肿瘤细胞破碎后的上清液,15d后用3×106个FBL3肿瘤细胞皮下接种攻击.[结果]肿瘤的生长受到抑制,小鼠的生存时间明显延长.[结论]基因枪途径局部接种含有GMCSF基因的质粒,可增强机体的抗肿瘤免疫,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长.     

输血的免疫抑制对肿瘤病人的危害

输血的发展极大地促进外科的发展,当不容量疑。近年来对输血引起的病毒性肝炎等感染已引起外科的注意,但输血可能导致一定程度的免疫抑制,还未能引起外科同道的普遗认识。因为同种异体输血实质上即和同种异体器官(血细胞)移植相同。所以肾移植病人,围手术期多次输血,术后可减少对移植肾的     

右半结肠癌误诊4例分析

右半结肠癌的首发症状往往具有多样性，临床表现不典型，不易引起医生及病人的重视，易造成误诊，对预后产生不良结果。我院自1998年1月～2003年11月共收治右半结肠癌51例，其中误诊4例，现分析报告如下。     

[Ca^2＋]i change in hippocampal neurons influenced by preconditioning of etomidate fat emulsion following cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It is known that intravenous anesthetic etomidate fat emulsion has cerebral protection. Now many scholars focus on the research of its cerebral protection from molecular biology, but the mechanism of cerebral protection is still fully unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of etomidate fat emulsion on the [Ca2+]i in hippocampal neurons during the transient cerebral ischemia injury in rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Weifang Medical College. MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the functional laboratory of Weifang Medical College between October 2005 and March 2006. Twenty-four male healthy Wistar rats, aged 3 to 4 months, were involved. Etomidate fat emulsion was provided by the limited company of En-hua Medical Bloc in Jiangsu Province (code of H20020511) and the other agents and materials were provided by Laboratory Center of Weifang Medical College. METHODS: The 24 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operation group, model group and etomidate preconditioning group, with 8 rats in each. Rat models of transient cerebral ischemia injury were made by the ligation of bilateral carotid arteries combined with descending blood pressure in the latter two groups. Before ischemia (ligation of bilateral common carotid artery), rats in the etomidate preconditioning group were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg etomidate fat emulsion and then persistently intraperitoneally injected with etomidate fat emulsion at 1.0 mg/kg per minute. Rats in the model group were not administrated. Rats in the sham-operation group were only performed bilateral common carotid artery isolation. When rats were modeled, their brain tissues were quickly taken out and detected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change of the fluorescence pixel value of the [Ca2+]i in each group by the laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: Twenty-four rats were involved in the final analysis. Fluorescence pixel value in the sham-operation group was in the low level. Fluorescence pixel value in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation group (P < 0.01). Fluorescence pixel value in the etomidate preconditioning group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The protection of etomidate fat emulsion to the transient cerebral ischemic injury in rats is associated with the inhibition to the increase of [Ca2+]i to some extent.     

重新认识老年麻醉

老年人口的增长日益显著,1990年第4次全国人口普查表明,我国老年人口已近一亿。我国30个省、自治区、直辖市年龄的百分比,60岁以上人口已占人口总数8.59%,接近老龄社会,而上海市已占全市人口13.96%,提前进入老龄社会。White统计老年人口中,近半数在死亡前多接受手术治疗,所以老年麻醉及手术也随着老龄社会的到来而显著增加。关于老年麻醉,人们常过度顾虑高龄的生理变化,增加麻醉和手术的危险。甚至在五六十年代还因高龄     

明天,我们吃什么

这是一个触目惊心的数据；每年有高达数十亿的人次发生食源性疾病！这个数据的可怕不仅在于它的数量，更在于，它就发生在我们每一个人的身边，渗透着我们每一个人的生活！如果把这个枯燥的数字折换成实际的故事，那么，喷洒农药敌敌畏的火腿，使用化工染料的鸡翅，使用陈旧霉变馅料的月饼……这些会不会使你感到茫然；