Spatial-temporal Analysis of Tuberculosis at the Community Level in the Baoshan District,Shanghai 2014–2019

<正>Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the primary bacteria that leads to human tuberculosis(TB),which usually affects the pulmonary organs. TB is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide;however, China is one of eight countries that together account for two-thirds of the total number of cases globally.     

Biomechanical behavior of brain injury caused by sticks using finite element model and Hybrid-III testing

Objective: To study the biomechanical mechanism of head injuries beaten with sticks, which is common in the battery or assaultive cases. Methods: In this study, the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device and finite element model (FEM) of the total human model for safety (THUMS) head were used to determine the biomechanical response of head while being beaten with different sticks. Total eight Hybrid-III tests and four finite element simulations were conducted. The contact force, resultant acceleration of head center of gravity, intracranial pressure and von Mises stress were calculated to determine the different biomechanical behavior of head with beaten by different sticks. Results: In Hybrid-III tests, the stick in each group demonstrated the similar kinematic behavior under the same loading condition. The peak values of the resultant acceleration for thick iron stick group, thin iron stick group, thick wooden stick group and thin wooden stick group were 203.4 g, 221.1 g, 170.5 g and 122.2 g respectively. In finite element simulations, positive intracranial pressure was initially observed in the frontal comparing with negative intracranial pressure in the contra-coup site. Subsequently the intracranial pressure in the coup site was decreasing toward negative value while the contra-coup intracranial pressure increasing toward positive values. Conclusions: The results illustrated that the stiffer and larger the stick was, the higher the von Mises stress, contact force and intracranial pressure were. We believed that the results in the Hybrid-III tests and THUMS head simulations for brain injury beaten with sticks could be reliable and useful for better understanding the injury mechanism.     

Point mutation in exon 4 of presenilin-1 gene and early-onset familial Alzheimer disease

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer disease can be classified into familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) and sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD)[1]. Among FAD, ear- ly-onset FAD(EOFAD) is a familialform in which the onset ofsymptoms occurs before the age of 60 to 65 years, an…     

癌基因ras的表达抑制抗体交联物诱导的胃癌细胞凋零

凋零又称程序性细胞死亡,是细胞普遍具有的一种自我消亡机制,是细胞对外界信号刺激所作出的一种主动性死亡应答反应,是细胞的“自杀”。近年来的研究表明,凋零不但是正常生理性控制过程之一,同时也是化疗、放疗等抗肿瘤疗法杀伤瘤细胞的重要途径。因此,阐明凋零是否参与抗体交联物的细胞毒效应这一问题,对于深刻理解导向治疗的机理将具有重要的理论与实际意义。     

乳腺良恶性病变的磁共振T2*W首过灌注成像与血管生成相关性研究

Objective： To study the diagnostic value of T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in breast tumors. Methods： We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） information along with the pathological and immunohistochemistry results. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 28 patients with breast tumor. The time to signal intensity curves were generated according to the T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging. The curve＇s maximal signal intensity drop rate and maximal signal intensity decrease time were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnoses after surgery. Results： Malignant breast lesions showed higher maximal signal intensity drop rate （44.69% ± 17.07 vs. 17.22% ±7.49, P 〈 0.001） than benign lesions, but there was no significant difference of maximal signal decrease time between those two lesions （23.94 s ± 4.92 vs. 20.02 s ± 6.83, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging has enough sensitivity and specificity in breast tumor diagnosis.     

外淋巴瘘的研究现况

外淋巴瘘可引起耳聋、眩晕及耳鸣，但在临床上确诊较难，本文将对其病因，诊断及治疗作一综述。     

幽门螺杆菌尿素酶减毒鼠伤寒杆菌疫苗诱导小鼠粘膜免疫应答的研究

目的:观察口服减毒鼠伤寒杆菌活菌重组疫苗后小鼠的粘膜免疫应答状况。方法:将已构建成功的表达幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)尿素酶B亚单位(UreB)的重组减毒鼠伤寒杆菌SL3261/pTC01-UreB口服免疫Balb/c小鼠,12周后检测肠液和血清中的特异性抗体反应。结果:疫苗组小鼠的肠液和血清中可分别检测到针对UreB的特异性抗体IgA和IgG,病理学检查显示疫苗组小鼠较对照组小鼠胃粘膜炎症程度差异无统计学意义。结论:表达H.pyloriUreB的减毒鼠伤寒杆菌SL3261/pTC01-UreB能够诱导小鼠产生抗H.pylori的粘膜免疫,可用作抗H.pylori感染的口服疫苗。     

肝硬化患者血清CA125水平变化的临床意义

目的　探讨肝硬化患者血清CA12 5水平变化及其临床意义。方法　肝硬化组 75例 ,男 53例 ,女 2 2例 ,年龄 2 6～ 65岁 ,均为乙型肝炎后肝硬化 ,根据Child Pugh积分法分为A级 2 5例 ,B级 2 9例 ,C级 2 1例 ;正常对照组 3 0例 ,男 18例 ,女 12例 ,年龄 2 6～ 60岁 ,均为健康体检者。采用ELISA法检测血清CA12 5水平 ,分析CA12 5水平与肝功能分级 (Child Pugh积分法 )的关系。 结果　肝硬化患者血清CA12 5水平较对照组显著升高 (t =10 .0 0 4,P <0 .0 1) ,血清CA12 5水平随着肝功能损害程度的加重呈进行性升高 ,B级较A级及C级较B级均显著升高 ,差异具有显著性意义 (q=5.990 6、2 .0 80 0 ,P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ;经过常规保肝治疗后 ,Child Pugh肝功能A、B级血清CA12 5水平显著下降 (t =3 .3 15、2 .80 2 ,P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5) ,而C级治疗前后无显著差异 (t =1.172 ,P >0 .0 5) ;血清CA12 5水平与Child Pugh肝功能积分、总胆红素呈正相关 (r =0 .3 3 2、0 .3 16,P <0 .0 1) ,与血清ALB呈显著负相关 (r =-0 .3 3 8,P <0 .0 1)。结论　血清CA12 5是反映肝硬化患者肝功能损害程度的指标之一 ,也是肝硬化发生癌变的信号之一 ,CA12 5水平可用于判断肝硬化患者肝功能损害程度及预后     

胃癌单克隆抗体-丝裂霉素C结合物的制备及其细胞毒特征

作者报道胃癌单克隆抗体MG11-丝裂霉素C(MMC)结合物的制备及其对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。首先用戊二酐处理MMC,于MMC上引入羧基,MMC衍生物与N羟基琥珀酰亚胺及2,2′-二环已基碳二亚胺反应,得到MMC活性酯,后者与抗体反应将MMC引入抗体中。经测定,每克分子抗体中引入约6～7克分子药物,结合物对人胃癌细胞KATⅢ具有较强的选择性杀伤作用,在0.56μg/ml水平(药物浓度)对肿瘤细胞杀伤牢达60％,优于游离药物(51％)及无关抗体结合物(9.3％),提示选用的胃癌单抗对MMC具有较好的导向作用。