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排序方式: 共有98条查询结果,搜索用时 26 毫秒
1.
Cholesterol content in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions has been studied in 108 patients at different evolutive stages of chronic renal failure (CRF) under conservative treatment. Results have been compared with healthy control subjects, patients receiving hemodialysis, and renal graft recipients. Significant low levels of total HDL and HDL2 cholesterol are observed in men with CRF. The more severe the CRF, the more likely that total HDL and HDL2 cholesterol will be low. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation is found between HDL2 cholesterol and serum creatinine levels. In women, although a decrease in total and HDL2 subfraction is observed, no significant differences are found across the severity of CRF. Serum HDL2 cholesterol levels are decreased in men and women receiving hemodialysis, while raised total HDL and HDL2 cholesterol levels are observed in normally functioning renal grafts. These results indicate that according to the "HDL hypothesis," despite other associated risk factors, the high cardiovascular mortality rates noted mainly in men with CRF under conservative treatment and in patients receiving hemodialysis could be explained, at least in part, by the sustained and progressive decrease in total HDL and HDL2 values. From this point of view, our study suggests the need to promote early kidney transplantation. 相似文献
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C H Espinel 《Journal of the American College of Nutrition》2013,32(5):526-531
The Salt Step Test was devised to characterize the response of the hypertensive patient to dietary salt. The test has three phases: unrestricted salt, to document hypertension and customary salt intake; restricted salt (2 g/day), to identify the salt-sensitive patient; and stepwise increased salt (each step = 1 g/day), to find the level that precipitates hypertension. The Salt Step Test identified that out of 30 well-established adult hypertensives, 13 were salt-sensitive. It also revealed that in each salt-sensitive patient, a distinct level of salt (range 3-16 g/day) precipitated hypertension, i.e., a Salt Hypertension Threshold. Definition of the Salt Hypertension Threshold should be useful in providing specific, individualized guidelines for dietary salt restriction. 相似文献
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Rodrigo Guellner Ghedini Julio de Oliveira Espinel Elaine Aparecida Felix Artur de Oliveira Paludo Rodrigo Mariano Arthur Rodrigo Ronconi Holand Cristiano Feijó Andrade 《Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia》2013,39(4):490-494
Every year, a large number of individuals become dependent on mechanical
ventilation because of a loss of diaphragm function. The most common causes are
cervical spinal trauma and neuromuscular diseases. We have developed an
experimental model to evaluate the performance of electrical stimulation of the
diaphragm in rabbits using single-channel electrodes implanted directly into the
muscle. Various current intensities (10, 16, 20, and 26 mA) produced tidal
volumes above the baseline value, showing that this model is effective for the
study of diaphragm performance at different levels of electrical stimulation 相似文献
4.
James M. Shultz Dana Rose Garfin Zelde Espinel Ricardo Araya Maria A. Oquendo Milton L. Wainberg Roberto Chaskel Silvia L. Gaviria Anna E. Ordóñez Maria Espinola Fiona E. Wilson Natalia Muñoz García Ángela Milena Gómez Ceballos Yanira Garcia-Barcena Helen Verdeli Yuval Neria 《Current psychiatry reports》2014,16(10):1-16
While conflict-induced forced migration is a global phenomenon, the situation in Colombia, South America, is distinctive. Colombia has ranked either first or second in the number of internally displaced persons for 10 years, a consequence of decades of armed conflict compounded by high prevalence of drug trafficking. The displacement trajectory for displaced persons in Colombia proceeds through a sequence of stages: (1) pre-expulsion threats and vulnerability, (2) expulsion, (3) migration, (4) initial adaptation to relocation, (5) protracted resettlement (the end point for most forced migrants), and, rarely, (6) return to the community of origin. Trauma signature analysis, an evidence-based method that elucidates the physical and psychological consequences associated with exposures to harm and loss during disasters and complex emergencies, was used to identify the psychological risk factors and potentially traumatic events experienced by conflict-displaced persons in Colombia, stratified across the phases of displacement. Trauma and loss are experienced differentially throughout the pathway of displacement. 相似文献
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Carlos A. Jiménez Ruiz Daniel Buljubasich Juan Antonio Riesco Miranda Agustín Acuña Izcaray José Ignacio de Granda Orive José Miguel Chatkin Gustavo Zabert Alfredo Guerreros Benavides Nelson Paez Espinel Valeri Noé Efraín Sánchez-Angarita Ingrid Núñez-Sánchez Raúl H. Sansores Alejandro Casas Andrés Palomar Lever Inmaculada Alfageme Michavila 《Archivos de bronconeumología》2017,53(11):622-628
The ALAT and SEPAR Treatment and Control of Smoking Groups have collaborated in the preparation of this document which attempts to answer, by way of PICO methodology, different questions on health interventions for helping COPD patients to stop smoking.The main recommendations are: (i) moderate-quality evidence and strong recommendation for performing spirometry in COPD patients and in smokers with a high risk of developing the disease, as a motivational tool (particularly for showing evidence of lung age), a diagnostic tool, and for active case-finding; (ii) high-quality evidence and strong recommendation for using intensive dedicated behavioral counselling and drug treatment for helping COPD patients to stop smoking; (iii) high-quality evidence and strong recommendation for initiating interventions for helping COPD patients to stop smoking during hospitalization with improvement when the intervention is prolonged after discharge, and (iv) high-quality evidence and strong recommendation for funding treatment of smoking in COPD patients, in view of the impact on health and health economics. 相似文献
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