岳阳市免费叶酸增补项目实施后育龄期妇女知信行情况调查分析

目的调查岳阳市免费叶酸增补项目实施后育龄期妇女知信行情况,分析调查人群叶酸知识知晓率、叶酸增补态度、叶酸服用依从率情况及影响因素,为项目进一步发展提供依据。方法随机选取在县(市、区)人民医院、妇幼保健机构等医疗机构的妇科、产科、计划生育门诊以及社区医院门诊就诊的育龄期妇女,通过自行设计的调查问卷进行知识、态度和行为情况的调查。结果共获得有效问卷2 038份,增补叶酸知识答对3题及以上者938名,知晓率为46. 02%。不同年龄、生育情况、文化程度、职业、家庭月收入研究对象的叶酸增补相关知识知晓率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。调查对象叶酸知识获取途径主要为从医生、妇幼专干处获得(41. 67%)。对服用叶酸持正确态度1 588名(77. 92%)。叶酸增补知识(K)、态度(A)、行为(P)之间均显著相关。多元逐步回归分析显示:年龄、生育情况、文化程度、职业、家庭月收入与增补叶酸KAP均有相关性(均P<0. 05)。结论岳阳市育龄期妇女增补叶酸知识知晓率在国内处于中等水平,育龄妇女叶酸知识知晓率、持叶酸增补正确态度率与该项目实施效果呈正相关。在项目实施过程中,要重点关注持叶酸增补不正确态度者、无职业者、文化程度较低者、未生育者、低家庭月收入者,重点宣传教育,有的放矢,提高其叶酸知识知晓率,提高叶酸服用依从率,从而降低神经管畸形发生率。     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.     

尘肺病患者心理、社会支持状况调查及相关性研究

目的为了解尘肺病患者心理状况及社会支持对患者心理健康的影响,为对尘肺病患者建立干预措施提供技术支撑。方法采用SCL-90症状清单、社会支持量表对在全省尘肺病住院病人较多的3家医院进行尘肺病患者问卷调查。结果 208名尘肺病患者男性205人,女性3人。文化程度均为高中及以下;Ⅰ期尘肺148人,Ⅱ期尘肺41人,Ⅲ期尘肺19人;尘肺患者SCL-90症状清单总分为162.00±64.77,低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同分期、不同年齡段、不同病程尘肺病患者各组之间社会支持得分差异无统计学意义。结论尘肺病患者心理健康水平低于全国水平,社会支持各维度得分与SCL-90各因子得分呈负相关,建立尘肺病患者心理干预体系十分必要。     

Angiotensin-(1–7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by enhancing autophagic activity in Parkinson's disease

Abnormal accumulation ofα-synuclein contributes to the formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra,which is considered the typical pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease.Recent research indicates that angiotensin-(1-7)plays a crucial role in several neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson's disease,but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.In this study,we used intraperitoneal administration of rotenone to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks to establish a Parkinson's disease model.We investigated whether angiotensin-(1-7)is neuroprotective in this model by continuous administration of angiotensin-(1-7)into the right substantia nigra for 4 weeks.We found that angiotensin-(1-7)infusion relieved characteristic parkinsonian behaviors and reducedα-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra.Primary dopaminergic neurons were extracted from newborn Sprague-Dawley rat substantia nigras and treated with rotenone,angiotensin-(1-7),and/or the Mas receptor blocker A-779 for 24 hours.After binding to the Mas receptor,angiotensin-(1-7)attenuated apoptosis andα-synuclein aggregation in rotenone-treated cells.Primary dopaminergic neurons were also treated with angiotensin-(1-7)and/or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine for 24 hours.Angiotensin-(1-7)increasedα-synuclein removal and increased the autophagy of rotenone-treated cells.We conclude that angiotensin-(1-7)reducesα-synuclein aggregation by alleviating autophagy dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Therefore,the angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and angiotensin-(1-7)has potential therapeutic value for Parkinson's disease.All experiments were approved by the Biological Research Ethics Committee of Nanjing First Hospital(approval No.DWSY-2000932)in January 2020.     

AN UNUSUAL BILATERAL VAGAL PARAGANGLIOMAS： ONE CASE STUDY

VAGAL paraganglioma VP)is an uncommonneoplasm originating from neural crest paragan-glion cells located along the vagus nerve,repre-senting less than5%of all paragangliomas of the head andneck.1Despite improvement in microsurgical techniques,management of…     

Analysis of brain-stem auditory evoked potential and visual evoked potential in patients with Parkinson disease

INTRODUCTION The exact cause of Parkinson disease (PD) has not been known yet[1]. The overwhelming progress had been made in the treatment and pathogenesis of PD in recent 30 years, especially 10 years[2]. But it is still no way now to prevent or postpone…