自动洗片机显影液性能动态观察及质量控制

自动洗片机是一种以机械替代手工冲洗胶片的设备，洗片机的冲洗加工方式不同于传统的手工冲洗，它使操作简单化，极大提高了暗室工作的效率，但其日常管理和维护更规范化。因此对洗片机的整个冲洗过程和质量控制赋予了更高的要求，在常规质控的诸因素中。对影像影响最大，最直接的是显影液的性能变化，从质控的意义和角度考虑，我们希望在洗片机的整个冲洗过程的相当一段时间内，影像的黑化度无大的变化和波动，通过对本科室三个暗室日常冲洗影响较大的显影补充液和冲片量的监测，旨在为提高自动洗片机工作稳定性提供一些实用的依据。     

Influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation in pigs with intracranial hypertension

BACKGROUND: Moderate hypothermia is one of the effective therapeutic methods for head injury in recent years, there are many mechanisms of moderate hypothermia for brain protection, and its influence on cerebral oxygenation is also one of them. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation of animals with acute intracranial hypertension, and further investigate the protective mechanism of moderate hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. MATERIALS: Twenty healthy little pigs, either male or female, weighing 4.5–5.5 kg, were used. Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system (Diametrics Company, British); CMA/100 micro-injection pump (Carnegie Company, Sweden). METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in November, 2001. The pigs were randomized into two groups: the normothermia group (control group, n =10) and moderate hypothermia group (n =10). ① Bilateral femoral arteries were separated, one was connected to pressometer for monitoring mean arterial pressure (MEP), and the other for analysis of blood gases [including peripheral blood pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), HCO3–]. ② Rectal temperature was monitored with mercurial thermometer. ③ Intracranial pressure was monitored using Camino optic ICP probe placed in the subdural space. ④ Neurotrend multiparameter monitoring sensor was inserted into the white matter for about 4 cm to determine cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP, CPP=MAP(ICP), brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), HCO3– and brain temperature. The rectal temperature of animals in the moderate hypothermia group was lowered to 34 ℃ using ice bags, and the body temperature was maintained at 33–35 ℃ for 2 hours. The changes of the parameters were observed continuously, and the pigs in the normothermia group were not treated with cooling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP; Indexes of cerebral oxygenation detected with Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system; ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group. RESULTS: All the 20 pigs were involved in the analysis of results. ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP and indexes of cerebral oxygenation: In the moderate hypothermia group, the ICP after cooling was obviously lower than that before cooling [(3.31±1.19), (5.33±0.95) kPa, P < 0.05], CCP was higher, brain tissue PCO2 [(12.03±1.73), (10.59±2.01) kPa, P < 0.05], and brain tissue pH value was higher [(7.03±1.63), (9.40±1.30) kPa, P < 0.05], whereas the brain temperature was decreased as compared with that before cooling [(34.9±0.3), (37.2±0.2) ℃, P < 0.05]. ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group: There were no significant differences in the parameters of peripheral arterial blood gases analysis before and after cooling in the moderate hypothermia group (P > 0.05) CONCLUSION: Moderate hypothermia will not impair the cerebral oxygenation, and it can reduce brain tissue CO2 and decrease brain tissue acidosis.     

RF系统在胸腰段不稳定骨折中的应用

对15例胸腰段不稳定骨折使用RF治疗，并进行了随访。结果提示，术后Cobb’S用复位率达89％，CT检查椎管面积平均增加43．2％，椎体前缘复位率达77．7％，后缘达100％。认为螺钉深度达椎体矢径的75％～80％为安全有效长度。术中X线监测及术前至少包括病椎相邻一个椎体的CT检查可正确了解椎弓根横断面角及矢状角，是防止神经损伤发生的关键。     

垂直斜视手术治疗的研讨

垂直眼外肌麻痹的斜视,平素多见。这类患者因复视、斜颈、斜视给患者带来一定的痛苦、为此我科于1984年以来开展了对垂直斜视的手术50例,治疗效果满意。现报告如下: 临床资料与方法性别:男22人女28人;年龄3—35岁。学龄前12人,学生19人,工人17人,军人2人。44例为异常视网膜对应;6例正常视网膜对应者,有三级融合力。垂直斜度11°—25°。有外伤史4例,炎症1例,其余皆为     

脑CT蛛网膜下腔造影在外伤性硬膜下积液治疗中的应用价值

目的 :探讨脑 CT蛛网膜下腔造影在外伤性硬膜下积液治疗中的应用价值。方法 :分析 17例外伤性硬膜下积液病人的蛛网膜下腔造影结果 ,对比其临床治疗方法及预后。结论 :脑 CT蛛网膜下腔造影可有效的指导外伤性硬膜下积液病人治疗方法的选择。根据其造影的结果 ,可以将其区分为硬膜外型和硬膜下型。前者多见于年轻的急性病例 ,钻孔引流治疗效果好。后者多见于老年人 ,病程缓慢 ,保守治疗大多有效 ,钻孔引流手术治疗效果差 ,如需手术宜选择蛛网膜下腔—腹腔分流术。     

神经根管狭窄25例报告

自1920年发现神经根管狭窄以来，1945年Brigg从临床，1932年Williams、1949年Xidley从解剖方面研究确定是腰骶部神经松症的原因之一，近年来腰骶部神经根症统称为腰部脊柱管狭窄，将本症划入腰椎狭窄外侧型，对本症有所忽视。既使在影像学检查日益进步的今天，由于本症无特有的表现．常因诊断困难而漏诊，现将我们的诊治体会报告如下。1993年以来神经报告狭窄经手术确认25例，男朋例，女7例，年龄24－75岁，平均55．8岁。峡部不连作为单独的病因除外。临床表现本症无特有的症状，与其他病因所致神经报报害的症状没有区别。坐骨神经型12例…     

妊高症患者和正常临产孕妇血脂分析

妊娠时血脂往往升高,为了解妊高症患者和正常临产孕妇的血脂含量变化,现报告105例临产孕妇的血脂测定结果。一、方法1.甘油三脂(TG),总胆固醇(TC),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)采用酶法。试剂由     

延颈髓交界处髓内肿瘤的诊断与显微手术治疗

报道显微手术治疗10例延颈髓交界处髓内肿瘤(ITCJ),肿瘤全切除6例,次全切除4例,无手术死亡,70％病例术后好转。ITCJ可分为颈延型和延颈型两大类型。MRI是诊断本病的主要方法,并且具有指导手术的重要意义。结果也表明,显微手术方法和术后呼吸功能监护很有必要。