Proteomic Profiling of Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from the Plasma of Vietnamese Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Reveals Some Potential Biomarkers

Background: Considering the poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the objective of this study was to examine the potential of plasma-derived vesicles as a source of lung cancer-specific proteins. Extracellular vesicle (EV) cargos are specific to the source cells, hence they have the potential of being a source of cancer-specific proteins.  Methods: The proteins differently expressed in cancer were determined and derived from EVs isolated from the plasma of NSCLC patients at the National Lung Hospital. To this end, purification was done using gel filtration chromatography and ultracentrifugation. In addition, nano liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used for analyzing. Results: Fifty-seven EV-derived proteins related to NSCLC were highlighted in this research. Some of them have not been addressed before, such as EEF1A1 (elongation factor 1-α1), KPNB1 (Importin subunit beta 1), SRC (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase) and ACTC1 (actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1). This list was further confirmed through a comparison with ExoCarta and Vesiclepedia. Conclusion: This study is the first work to show the involvement of several novel proteins of small EV (EEF1A1, KPNB1, SRC, and ACTC1) in the progression of NSCLC. The results suggested that they could serve as novel biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer in the future.     

指压天枢穴加腹部按摩联合番泻叶在静脉肾盂造影患者中的应用效果

目的探讨指压天枢穴加腹部按摩联合番泻叶在静脉肾盂造影患者中的应用效果。方法选取我院2018年12月至2019年8月期间行静脉肾盂造影的120例患者,随机分为两组各60例。对照组给予番泻叶,观察组给予天枢穴指压加腹部按摩联合番泻叶,比较两组的肠道清洁力度和不良反应情况。结果治疗后,观察组的肠道清洁力度明显高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组的不良反应发生率为6.67%,明显低于对照组的23.33%(P <0.05)。结论静脉肾盂造影患者采用指压天枢穴加腹部按摩联合番泻叶的效果较好,可提高肠道清洁力度,降低不良反应发生率。     

线性法测量皮质下缺血性血管病患者脑萎缩及其与认知损害的相关性分析

目的通过线性法测量皮质下缺血性血管病(SIVD)患者脑萎缩,分析其与认知功能损害的相关性。方法共纳入SIVD组50例,健康对照组50例。所有入组对象均完成一般情况评定、Mo CA量表评估认知功能、头颅MRI检查,线性法进行脑萎缩测量。结果 SIVD组代表脑室系统横径的测量值及脑沟测量值,除桥池宽度外,均较对照组显著增大(P 0. 05)。SIVD组的脑萎缩测量相对值除脑干指数外,均显著高于对照组(P 0. 05)。SIVD组双侧侧脑室两额角间最宽距离、双侧侧脑室额角两侧尾状核头间最小距离、第三脑室宽度、双侧侧脑室腰部外侧壁最小距离与Mo CA评分呈显著负相关(P 0. 05)。SIVD组脑萎缩测量相对值中的额角指数、尾状核指数、哈氏值、第三脑室宽度与视空间能力、计算力、延迟记忆和定向力均呈负相关(P 0. 05)。结论 SIVD患者存在明显的皮质和皮质下萎缩,并与认知功能损害相关。哈氏值、额角指数、尾状核指数、第三脑室宽度可作为SIVD患者脑萎缩的预测指标,提示执行功能/视空间及计算力、记忆力的损害。     

Mechanisms of repigmentation induced by photobiomodulation therapy in vitiligo

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low‐level laser light (coherent light) or light‐emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low‐energy helium‐neon (He‐Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He‐Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O₂ consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He‐Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He‐Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca²⁺‐dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic‐AMP response element binding protein)‐related cascade, is responsible for the He‐Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He‐Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo.     

慢性心力衰竭护理结局分类评价表的构建研究

目的本研究以护理结局分类(NOC)为基础,筛选符合慢性心力衰竭患者的相关护理结局,由此构建具有专科专病特点的慢性心力衰竭患者护理结局评价表。方法成立研究核心小组,应用文献回顾法、专家函询法确定护理结局分类指标,并进行统计学分析,最终建立慢性心力衰竭护理结局分类评价表。结果通过研究,确定慢性心力衰竭护理结局中包含4个领域、8个一级指标、68个二级指标。4个领域分别是生理健康、功能健康、健康知识和行为、心理社会健康。一级指标中包含心脏泵血功能、活动耐力、社会支持、抑郁水平等。二级指标中包含心脏指数、血压、呼吸困难、情绪波动大、步行距离、步行速度等68个指标。统计学分析中:第一、二轮函询专家的积极系数分别为90%、100%,专家权威系数为0.895,专家意见协调程度(P<0.05)。结论本研究成功建立慢性心力衰竭护理结局分类评价表,有助于临床护士用于评价护理措施的有效性,也使其成为一种标准化语言,便于应用到护理电子信息系统中进行绩效测算等。但是本研究不足之处是未能将该研究进行临床实证,未能进一步确认其有效性。     

单抗N糖分析系统适用性对照品的建立

目的建立单抗N糖分析方法的系统适用性对照品,并设定相应的系统适用性要求。方法利用液质联用(LC-MS)仪对N糖系统适用性对照品进行N糖型的表征鉴别,并对对照品进行稳定性评价。结合方法特点和验证数据,对系统适用性要求进行设定。结果建立的系统适用性对照品具有良好的稳定性,其糖型涵盖了单抗主要的N糖型种类。针对3种药典拟收录的单抗N糖分析方法,设定了以下系统适用性要求,包括:图谱与典型图谱相似、G1F(1,6)和G1F(1,3)的分离度应满足具体要求、G0F%应在规定的范围内、G0F保留时间的RSD应≤4%。结论建立了单抗N糖系统适用性对照品,可配合3种2020年版《中国药典》拟收录的N糖分析方法使用。     

马齿苋“成分-活性-中药功效-疾病”研究进展及关联分析

马齿苋是一种药食同源品,具有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痢的功效,为常见中药,作为药物安全性高。马齿苋具有多种活性成分及药理作用,为了充分开发利用马齿苋,加快马齿苋研究的现代化进程,综述马齿苋的研究进展并在此基础上对于其"成分-活性-中药功效-疾病"进行关联分析,为马齿苋的现代化研究提供思路。     

米索前列醇联合依沙吖啶在中晚期妊娠引产中的临床应用

目的 探讨米索前列醇联合依沙吖啶在中晚期妊娠引产中的应用效果。方法 选取西安交通大学附属3201医院2012年1月—2017年12月收治的138例中晚期妊娠引产患者，按引产方式分为对照组、观察组，各69例。对照组使用乳酸依沙吖啶注射液进行引产，观察组在对照组的基础上联合使用米索前列醇进行引产。比较两组引产效果、胎儿娩出时间、阴道出血量及不良反应的发生情况。结果 观察组引产有效率是100%，显著高于对照组的91.75%（P<0.05）。观察组胎儿娩出时间<35 h的人数占比显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者阴道出血量显著低于对照组（P<0.05），两组不良反应的发生率间差异不显著。结论 米索前列醇联合依沙吖啶在中晚期妊娠引产中的效果较好，可显著提高引产有效率、缩短胎儿娩出时间，值得临床应用。     

医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的文献计量学分析

目的: 应用文献计量学方法,分析国内外医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤（Medical adhesive-related skin injuries,MARSI）文献的研究主题和热点。方法: 检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Web of science、sinoMed、CNKI、Wanfang、VIP等数据库MARSI相关文献,检索时限为建库至2019年5月。采用SPSS 22.0 软件进行文献计量分析,利用gCLUTO统计对国内外高频主题词进行聚类分析。结果: 共纳入论文103篇,其中外文文献占总文献量的27.18%,中文文献占总文献量的72.82%。聚类分析将国内外高频主题词聚为4大类,依次为皮肤损伤及损伤类型、相关危险因素、风险评估及风险管理、护理干预措施。结论: MARSI仍是国内外研究的热点,其发病机制研究仍处于探索阶段,目前尚缺乏有效的预防策略,研究领域较局限。在今后的研究中,应加强MARSI预防的研究、注重多学科合作。