医学影像学在肿瘤治疗疗效评价中的应用

磁共振成像、计算机体层成像、核医学显像、超声检查在肿瘤治疗疗效评价中都有一定作用,但各有特点,需要各种影像方法联合评价肿瘤治疗疗效,协助临床医生制定治疗方案、及时修改和调整治疗方案,最大程度地减少或避免治疗的不良反应.     

Teacher＇s Adjustable Function on the Basis of Learner＇s Needs＇ Analysis

There are the problems that influence English teaching, because the learners have the wrong understandings about the target needs and learning needs. The article analyses and discusses the teaching methods on dealing with the matter. The author thinks the teachers＇ adjustable function counting for much more.     

无症状肺癌诊断和治疗策略

肺癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势，据预测以肺癌为主与吸烟有关的癌症将在今后30年内大幅度增加^[1]，早期诊断和早期治疗是提高肺癌尤其是无症状肺癌远期生存率的主要手段。我院自2000～2002年8月间收治无症状肺癌病人15例，现对其诊治过程分析如下。     

北京房山区3～6岁儿童1 056名体质测试结果分析

目的：了解房山区3-6岁儿童生长发育与体质测试情况。方法：按北京市3-6岁儿童体质测定标准，对本区3-6岁儿童进行测定，对身高标准体重异常的儿童体质测试结果进行分析。结果：身高标准体重异常（偏轻、偏重、肥胖）的儿童190名体质测试结果，优秀率明显低于身高标准体重正常的儿童。结论：儿童生长发育直接影响儿童身体素质的全面发展。     

蓖麻油煎鸡蛋晚孕引产时母血清hSOD-1和LPO的动态观察

本文选择蓖麻油煎鸡蛋晚孕引产成功孕妇24例。观察了服药前(临产前)和服药后分娩各期的母血清过氧化脂质(LPO)．人超氧化物歧化酶-1(hSOD-1)的变化。并设立正常分娩20例作对照．结果：临产早期血清hSOD-1浓度明显高于服药前和对照组(P<0.01)；临产后各期血清LPO浓度无明显变化(P<0.05)，但明显低于对照组(P<0．05)；SOD/LPO比值临产后明显增高，且高于对照组(P<0．05)．表明，蓖麻油煎鸡蛋引产法不仅效果好，使用方便．无毒副作用，而且具有一定的抗缺氧损伤的能力，尤其适合于妊高征、过期妊娠等有慢性缺氧的孕妇。是一种推广价值较大的引产方法．     

Changes in hippocampal neurons and memory function during the developmental stage of newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

BACKGROUND: Under the normal circumstance, there exist some synapses with inactive functions in central nervous system (CNS), but these functions are activated following nerve injury. At the early stage of brain injury, the abnormal functions of brain are varied, and they have very strong plasticity and are corrected easily. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of neuronal morphology in hippocampal CA1 region and memory function in newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) from ischemia 6 hours to adult. DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping, controlled experiment. SETTING: Taian Health Center for Women and Children; Taishan Medical College. MATERIALS: Altogether 120 seven-day-old Wistar rats, of clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Synaptophysin (SYN) polyclonal antibody was provided by Maixin Biological Company, Fuzhou. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Morphology, Taishan Medical College between October 2000 and December 2003. ① The newborn rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: model group and control group, 60 rats in each group. Five rats were chosen from each group at postoperative 6 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, 2 weeks and 3 weeks separately for immunohistochemical staining. Fifteen newborn rats were chosen from each group at postoperative 4 weeks and 2 months separately for testing memory ability (After test, 5 rats from each group were sacrificed and used for immunohistochemical staining)② The right common carotid artery of newborn rats of model group was ligated under the anesthetized status. After two hours of incubation, the rats were placed for 2 hours in a container filled with nitrogen oxygen atmosphere containing 0.08 volume fraction of oxygen, thus, HIE models were created; As for the newborn rats in the control group, only blood vessels were isolated, and they were not ligated and hypoxia-treated. ③ Thalamencephal tissue sections of newborn rats of two groups were performed DAB developing and haematoxylin slight staining. Cells with normal nucleous in 250 μm-long granular layer which started from hippocampal CA1 region were counted with image analysis system under high-fold optical microscope (×600), and the thickness of granular layer was measured. The absorbance (A) of positive reactant of SYN in immunohistochemically-stained CA1 region was measured. Learning and memory ability were measured with step through test 3 times successively. ④ t test and paired t test were used for comparing intergroup and intragroup difference of measurement data respectively, and Chi-square for comparing the difference of enumeration data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of cytological changes in hippocampal CA1 region and memory ability at different postoperative time points between two groups. RESULTS: Totally 120 newborn rats were involved in the result analysis. ① Cell morphological changes in hippocampal CA1 region: In the control group, with aging, perikaryon, nucleus and nucleolus in cortex of parietal lobe were significantly increased, Nissl body was compacted, the amount of neurons was declined, but the A of SYN positive reactant was relatively increased. In the model group, at postoperative each time point, neurons were seriously shrunk and dark-stained, nucleus was contracted, chromatin was condensed, nucleolus was unclear, even cells disappeared, especially the cells in 6 hours and 24 hours groups. The amount of neurons with normal morphology in hippocampal CA1 region and granular layer thickness in the model group at postoperative each time point were significantly less or smaller than those in the control group at postoperative 6 hours respectively (t =3.002-1.254, P < 0.01). The A value of SYN positive reactant at postoperative 2, 3 and 4 weeks was significantly higher than that at previous time point (t =2.011－2.716,P < 0.05－0.01). ② Test results of learning and memory ability: In the first test, there was no significant difference in the ratio of rats which kept memory ability between two groups (P > 0.05); In the third test, the ratio of rats which kept memory ability in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group at postoperative 4 weeks and 2 months[53%(8/15)，100%(15/15)；60%(9/15)，93%(14/15)，χ 2=2.863，2.901，P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: The destroyed hippocampal structure induces the decrease of learning and memory ability of developmental rats. Early interference can increase the quality of neurons and also promote functional development of the nervous system.     

新疆维吾尔族、汉族儿童心脏径线的X线测量

作者测量了新疆地区７６８例３～７岁维吾尔族、汉族儿童心脏径线。心脏横径６岁组维吾尔族大于汉族。不分年龄组左心横径、心横径、心深径维吾尔族大于汉族，左侧位心膈交点至前胸膜面的距离维吾尔族女童大于汉族女童。两民族心横径与心脏体积的相关系数分别大于心脏深径与心脏体积的相关系数。本文提供了新疆地区３～７岁维吾尔族、汉族儿童各年龄组和不分年龄组心脏径线的正常数据。