急性脑梗死患者血清miR-34b表达及检测临床意义

目的:探讨急性脑梗死患者血清中miR-34b的表达特征，分析其与预后的关系。方法:收集急性脑梗死患者共87例为观察组，87例体检证实为健康的成人血清标本作为对照组，应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清中miR-34b的表达。结果:观察组中miR-34b的表达水平明显低于对照组[(1.06±0.25)与(1.32±0.34),P<0.01],CXCL12的表达水平明显高于对照组[(19.47±3.26)与(7.37±1.06),P<0.01]。血清中miR-34b表达下调对急性脑梗死诊断具有预测价值，CXCL12曲线下面积AUC为0.9880,95%置信区间(CI):0.9772～0.9988。血清中CXCL12表达上调对急性脑梗死诊断具有预测价值，CXCL12的预测价值要优于miR-34b。miR-34b在不同梗死灶最大径和有无高血压、高血脂患者的比较中差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而在不同性别、年龄、有无吸烟和饮酒史的比较中差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。相关回归分析显示miR-34b与格拉斯哥预后(GOS)评分具有正相关性(P<0.01),CXC...     

外泌体miRNA146b-5p促进甲状腺乳头状癌细胞迁移和侵袭

目的 :分离和鉴定甲状腺乳头状癌KTC-1细胞分泌的外泌体,并探讨外泌体携带miRNA146b-5p对KTC-1细胞体外迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:收集KTC-1细胞的外泌体,电转miRNA146b-5p和其抑制剂进入外泌体,并与KTC-1细胞共培养。检测KTC-1细胞的体外迁移和侵袭的能力。结果:成功分离和鉴定KTC-1细胞分泌的外泌体。外泌体miRNA146b-5p可进入KTC-1细胞,促进KTC-1细胞的体外迁移和侵袭。结论:外泌体miRNA146b-5p可促进甲状腺乳头状癌的体外侵袭和转移。外泌体miRNA423-5p沉默可能作为甲状腺乳头状癌的治疗方法。     

当归烟熏工艺的正交设计结合加权综合评分法优选

目的通过正交设计结合层次分析法与加权综合评分法优选当归烟熏工艺。方法以当归药材的醇溶性浸出物含量,挥发油提取率,阿魏酸,Z-藁本内酯,正丁基苯酞,正丁烯基苯酞为指标,测定烟熏当归药材各个指标后,采用层次分析法确定各指标权重,得到综合评分。结果烟熏的温度、时间和发烟材料的量对烟熏当归的质量均具有显著性影响。最终确定的烟熏工艺条件为烟熏温度50℃,时间8h,发烟材料3kg。结论采用AHP与综合评分法可以用来优选当归烟熏工艺,可以节省劳动力,提高中药加工效率,为当归生产的产业化和标准化生产提供了理论依据。     

46,XX男性性反转综合征遗传学诊断及临床分析

目的通过对66例46,XX男性性反转综合征患者进行细胞及分子遗传学分析,探讨性分化异常的机制及临床特点。方法外周血淋巴细胞染色体核型分析,PCR扩增Y染色体长臂上AZF基因位点。结果 66例患者染色体核型分析均为46,XX,PCR扩增显示SRY基因阳性、AZFa、b、c、d区全部存在2例,SRY基因阳性、AZFa、b、c、d区全部缺失56例,SRY基因阴性、AZFa、b、c、d区全部缺8例。结论 46,XX男性性反转综合征患者临床男性表型,在遗传学上表现出明显的异质性,SRY基因缺失的患者也能发育成临床男性表型,提示在男性性别的决定和分化过程中,可能存在多种关键性影响因素。     

病毒唑不是抗病毒神药

正临床上,儿科疾病以呼吸道感染居多,病原体大多为病毒、细菌、支原体。针对细菌、支原体感染,在我们的武器库中有许多种抗菌药物可用,但在应对病毒感染方面,仅有的几种抗病毒药其实针对性并不强,算不上是特效药。而且,由于很多不规范用药行为——药物滥用,一些抗病毒药物出现了抗药性问题。其中,病毒唑的滥用最为突出。病毒唑不是抗病毒神药病毒唑是利巴韦林的俗称。由于药名给予的想像力,在我国不少地     

失代偿期肝硬化患者合并低钠血症172例临床分析

目的探讨失代偿期肝硬化合并低钠血症与肝功能分级及其它并发症的关系。方法回顾性分析172例失代偿期肝硬化合并低钠血症患者的临床及实验室资料。结果不同血钠浓度时肝性脑病、肾功能减退发生率比较差异显著,Child-PughC级患者血钠浓度最低。结论临床医师要重视肝硬化患者低钠血症的防治。     

单纯后路复位及固定治疗自发性寰枢椎脱位

目的 利用单纯后路复位,同时行内固定治疗寰枢椎脱位的方法,既不需要颅骨牵引,也不需经口腔齿状突切除.方法 2004年5月至2007年12月,收治自发性寰枢椎脱位病人20例,手术前后利用CT及MRI进行影像学测量,评价脱位及脊髓延髓受压程度.根据是否合并寰枕融合分别采用C1侧块～C2椎弓根螺钉技术3例及C2椎弓根～枕骨螺钉技术17例.手术中向前推压C2棘突或通过C2椎弓根及枕骨螺钉间撑开将齿状突向前、下牵拉以恢复齿状突与C1前弓的解剖关系.结果 20例病人随访6-48个月,1例术后1周因基底动脉内血栓形成死亡,其余19例均明显改善.手术后影像学检查见脊髓延髓均获彻底减压,合并脊髓空洞的5例病人,空洞均明显缩小;各项影像学测量指标均明显好转(P<0.01).1例于术后3个月时CT提示复位部分丢失,但螺钉位置良好,脊髓延髓减压良好,脊髓空洞继续缩小,6个月时骨性融合.结论 首先选择后路复位及固定,而不是前路经口腔齿状突切除减压,是治疗寰枢椎脱位简单有效,相对安全的方法.     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.