疫情期间临床见习课运行与改革的思考

在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发的特殊时期,本科生开展了线上见习课.在总结线上见习教学运行成效基础上,对疫情后正常教学状态下如何利用互联网改革临床见习课进行思考并提出做好顶层设计,探索线上与线下有机结合、优势互补的临床见习教学新模式;转变教学理念,改进教学方法,发挥线上与线下见习教学各自优势;加强线上见习教学资源建设;优化形...     

脾与肠道菌群相关性的理论探析

脾为后天之本,气血生化之源,为人体功能提供重要的物质保障与抗御外邪的能力,肠道菌群作为机体最庞大的微生态系统,同样也参与着机体的消化与防御功能。本文通过对脾与肠道菌群各自生理功能特点的分析,详细论述了脾与肠道菌群的关系,阐明肠道菌群在消化、吸收、排泄、免疫方面反映了脾功能的变化,以期为今后消化道系统疾病的研究开拓新的思路。     

Wendan Decoction(温胆汤) for Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective: To assess the beneficial and adverse effects of Wendan Decoction(温胆汤, WDD) for the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched until May 2014, including the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Chinese Scientist Journal Database, Pub Med, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library. The randomized controlled trials(RCTs) testing WDD against placebo, antipsychotic drugs, or WDD combined with antipsychotic drugs against antipsychotic drugs alone were included. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were conducted according to the Cochrane standards. Results: Thirteen RCTs(involving 1,174 patients) were included and the methodological quality was evaluated as generally low. The pooled results showed that WDD combined with antipsychotic drugs were more effective in clinical comprehensive effect, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) scores and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores compared with antipsychotic drugs alone. However, WDD had less effectiveness compared with antipsychotics in clinical comprehensive effect; and WDD was not different from antipsychotic drugs for PANSS scores. The side effects were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions: WDD appears to be effective on improving symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. However, due to poor methodological quality in the majority of the included trials, the potential benefit from WDD needs to be confirmed in rigorous trials and the design and reporting of trials should follow the international standards.     

从肺辨治肠易激综合征浅识

肠易激综合征表现为排便习惯和便质性状的改变,多为“便秘”“腹泻”“便秘腹泻交替发作”三种类型,这与大肠的传导功能密不可分。肺气的肃降,可以推动大肠的传导,有助于糟粕下行;大肠传导功能正常,腑气通畅,也有助于肺的肃降。肺气的宣发与肃降,是相反相成的矛盾运动,肺气的宣发正常,才可以使肺的肃降功能正常,大肠传导功能正常;肺的宣发失常,可以导致肺的肃降不利,大肠传导不利。所以,利用肺气宣发肃降与大肠传导的关系,可以对肠易激综合征进行调治。     

北京中医药大学本科教育学情调查分析

应用“中国大学生学习性投入调查问卷”（NSSE—China）工具，对北京中医药大学本科学生采用分层随机抽样调查。通过与全国院校、“211工程”院校的均值、t检验等方法的比较分析，结果显示在学情调查的五大可比指标中教育经验丰富度得分相对较高，其他4项则低于全国院校、“211工程”院校水平，尤其生师互动环节最为欠缺；教育认识目标5项中“判断”得分相对较低，其余4项则高于全国院校、“211工程”院校水平，5项年级发展趋势均不理想；学生对在校的教育经历较为满意。研究认为应在整体课程体系设计时明确各阶段教育目标，同时，教师在课程教学过程中也应明确定位，且注意引导学生，提高学习的积极性、主动性、挑战性以及合作能力。